Full text: Actes du Symposium International de la Commission VII de la Société Internationale de Photogrammétrie et Télédétection (Volume 2)

   
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REMOTE. SENSING FOR PLANETARY TOPOGRAPHIC MAPPING 
By 
SHERMAN S.C. WU 
United States Geological Survey 
Flagstaff, Arizona 86001 USA 
ABSTRACT.- Remote sensing data from devices using a broad spectrum of 
wavelengths have been applied to planetary topographic mapping. A global 
topographic map of Mars has been compiled by the synthesis of remotely 
sensed data from various scientific experiments on board the Mariner 9 
spacecraft and from Earth-based radar observations. Contour lines on Mars 
maps are also compiled by photogrammetric methods, using pictures from both 
Mariner 9 and Viking missions. 
A global topographic map of the Moon is also being compiled using 
. topographic information derived from various remote sensing data which 
include: Apollo and Lunar Orbiter photographs, laser altimeter data, lunar 
radar sounders, and Earth-based observations. 
By using radar altimeter data transmitted from the Pioneer Venus 
spacecraft, a preliminary global topographic map of Venus has been 
compiled. For the compilation of more detailed maps of Venus, the 
technology of using side-looking radar stereo images is under development. 
I. INTRODUCTION 
Remote-sensing data play an important role in planetary topographic 
mapping.  Topographic maps of planetary bodies are compiled by the synthesis of 
remotely sensed data, imaging or nonimaging, transmitted by spacecraft or 
received from various sensors. 
A global topographic map of Mars was compiled between 1971 and 1975 by 
combining measurements obtained by various remote sensing devices (Wu, 1975, 
1978). They include the ultraviolet spectrometer (UVS), the infrared 
radiometer (IRR), and the infrared interferometer spectrometer (IRIS) on board 
the Mariner 9 spacecraft, with Earth-based radar oppositions of Mars. The Mars 
topographic datum, the 0-elevation reference surface, is defined by its gravity 
field (Wu, 1981b), which was established from gravity data obtained by radio 
tracking of Mariner 9. With almost 60,000 Mars pictures transmitted back to 
Earth by the two Viking spacecraft, Mars is currently being systematically 
mapped in great detail. : 
By using topographic data derived from Apollo and Lunar Orbiter 
photographs, laser altimetry, and Earth-based observations, a global 
topographic map of the Moon is being compiled (Wu, 198la). Using radar 
altimetry data obtained by the Pioneer Venus spacecraft, a preliminary global 
topographic map of Venus has been compiled (Masursky, et al., 1980). Future 
topographic maps of Venus will probably be compiled from synthetic aperture 
radar (SAR) images, using methods similar to those of conventional 
photogrammetry. The methods and equipment for mapping using side-looking radar 
stereo images are now under development (Wu and Schafer, 1980a, Wu, et al., 
1980b) 
Techniques for the interpretation of remote sensing data and map 
compilation are discussed in this paper. 
II. INTERPRETATION OF REMOTE SENSING DATA 
  
Remote sensing devices on board the spacecraft of the Mariner 9 mission 
provided broad topographic and thermal coverage, and measurements of parameters 
  
  
  
  
	        
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