Mapping. 
eveloped 
; and to 
ases the 
Mapping 
operation 
French, 
NDP and 
ial level, 
a tertiary 
agencies 
to their 
entioned 
elopment 
stitutions 
eration is 
and Asia 
icipating 
y in the 
spect of 
utions to 
fer other 
raging to 
are quite 
thin and 
ith-South 
untry or 
ollowing 
; country 
SIONS 
; can be 
ching up 
st. 
), new 
veloping 
ws that 
o devoid 
t in most 
, Digital 
ntries do 
sas. 
ibute an 
;: and the 
^ donors 
ir it. The 
'onstitute 
veloping 
in these 
itions in 
eveloped 
ns. Some 
ished by 
irriculum 
technical 
is. which 
lis paper 
; through 
advanced 
technical 
veloping 
try and 
| VI Vol. 
DIGITAL MAPPING AND GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM 
1. Digital Surveying (DSU) 
2. Digital Photogrammetry (DPH) ~~ ——— 
3. Digital Remote Sensing(DRS) ee 
4. Digital Cartography (DCA) 
  
  
  
  
1.2 Digital Leveling 
1.3 Inertial Surveying 
2.1 Digital Photography 
2.2 Digital Image Processing (DIP) 
— — — 2.3 Digital Orthophoto 
3.1 Digital Imagery 
3.2 Digital Image Processing (DIP) 
4.1 Digitization 
L—————_ 3:3 Digital Image Map 
4.2 Automated Mapping 
— — -- 4. Digital Map 
  
| Fig. 1.1: Types of Digital Mapping Operational Activities: 
J 
  
[ Digital Mapping/GIS | 
  
——— 1.1 Global Positioning System (GPS) 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
m] al al ©] 
Digital Digital Digital Remote Digital 
Surveying Photogrammetry Sensing Cartography 
GPS Inertial Digital Digital 
Surveying Imagery Image Map 
Digital Digital Digital DIP Digitization Digital 
Leveling Photography Orthophoto Map 
Cea] 
DIP Automated 
Mapping 
| G. I S. 
  
  
| Computer Assisted Mapping 1| 
  
  
Fig. 1.2: DIGITAL MAPPING AND GIS | 
  
3 
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXI, Part B6. Vienna 1996