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2.5 Application on Thematic Land Resources Mapping by Department of Survey DS 
This department had used the Landsat imageries to prepare land use and resource maps of above 4,600 meter height and aerial 
photographs were used for lower part of the High Himal area in bygone days. DS has used satellite images in some extent in 1994 
only for comparison with the aerial photographs of high altitude areas during the preparations of basic topographical maps of 
eastern Nepal. 
2.6 Geology Department and Geography Department of Tribhuvan University TU 
Landsat and SPOT images and data have been used in research and study purposes by the department of Geology and Geography 
of T.U. in the context of writing thesis and dissertation in master degree level courses candidates. 
2.7 Application on the Study of Snow and Glacier 
The mapping and monitoring of snow and glacier in Nepal are very important in order to predict run-off from their melting. Due 
to sudden movement and fall of avalanche in Thyangboche-Pheriche area of Mt. Everest Khumbu region, 16 persons including 
foreign trekkers and Nepalese Sherpa guides lost their lives during November 1995. Geography Dept. of T.U. has conducted 
research work on glacial environment of Rolwaling Himal Dolakha Area using remote sensing digital data in collaboration with 
ITC the Netherlands in 1993 and 1995. Geology Dpt. has monitored and measured the speed of Khumbu glacier in 1993. 
3. DEVELOPMENT OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY 
Aerial photography have been taken in the regional basis in course of the preparation of basic topographical maps and also in 
patch up basis for the planning of development projects such as road, irrigation, forestry, watershed management etc. 
Photogrammetric methods are applied specially for basic map preparation. Followings are the purposc, area, date and scale of the 
aerial photographs: 
3.1 Preperation of Basic Topographic Maps of East Nepal (Six Zones of Eastern and Central Development Regions) in 1992 
on the scale 1:50,000 with the assistance of FINNIDA. Photogrammetric techniques are adopted for mapping. 
3.2 Telecommunication Network Planning of Kathmandu Valley in 1992 on the scale 1:10,000 with DANIDA assistance. 
Digital data and maps have been prepared. GPS receiver was mounted on board during aerial photography flight for positioning 
© to facilitate the photogrammetric work. 
3.3 Road Alignment Planning of Gaighat, Diktel Okhaldhunga and Salleri area in 1992 on the scale 1:25,000. 
3.4 Forest and Rural Development of Chitwan Hetauda, Parasi, Butwal, Gulmi, Arghakhanchi, Siraha, Sunsari, Damak and 
[lam areas in 1992 with the scale 1:10,000. 
ne er ; 
3.5 Irrigation Development of Bagmati Pain area in 1993 with the scale 1:20,000. 
3.6 Assessment of Flood Disaster of some district of Tarai area in 1993 on the scale 1:42,000 and 1:50,000 and to make 
rehabilitation program. 
3.7 Water Induced Disaster Prevention of Kulekhani, Bhainse areas in 1994 at the scale of 1:20,000. 
3.8 Town Development of Pokhara Urban area and Phewa Lake area in 1994 at the scale of 1:10,000. 
3.9 Expansion of Tribhuvan International Airport area for the facility of Civil Aviation in 1995 at the scale of 1:4,000. 
3.10 Watershed Management Study of Kaski, Parbat and Arghakharchi districts for JICA in 1996 on the scale 1:25,000. 
3.11 Preparation of Basic Topographic Maps of - West Nepal (eight zones of Western, Mid-Western and Far Western 
Development Regions) just started in early 1996 on the scale of 1:50,000 with the assistance of FINIDA. Photogrammetric 
methods will be applied for mapping. 
4. DIGITAL MAPPING 
Digital mapping activities in Nepal is not so much expanded due to technical and financial difficulties. In the past digital map of 
Mt. Everest area was prepared by Boston Museum of Science, U.S.A. with National Geographic and Swiss Air Photo Surveys 
Switzerland. Followings are the main activities in the field of digital mapping: 
41 Digital Mapping of Kathmandu Valley for Nepal telecommunication cable network development by DANIDA 
(KAMPSAX) in 1993. Digital data and map printout on the scale 1:1,000 - 2,000. : 
51 
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXI, Part B6. Vienna 1996