. DEVELOPMENT OF STREET RAILWAYS 
railway ready to take him back to his own town, rather than to 
be obliged to arrange his home business in such a way as to 
enable him to take a train on the steam railroad at some fixed 
time, and then, after completing the business on account of 
which the journey was made, to be obliged to wait some 
length of time before a railroad train was ready to carry him 
back. 
In this connection, the fact that the cars on the interurban 
roads, in most cases, run to the business centres of the termi- 
nal towns is of much weight, as it is not unusual for the steam 
railroad station to be at some distance from the point which it 
is desired to reach. In most cases arrangements have also been 
made with the urban roads which connect with the road across 
country for a series of transfers by which a passenger may be 
taken up at any point in one town and after a transfer to the 
interurban road may in turn be carried very close to his desti- 
nation in the other town, by means of a transfer to another car. 
Rates of fare on steam railroads have not been affected to 
any marked degree by the introduction of the interurban 
electric railways, although the fares on these roads are usually 
lower than those of the steam roads for the same distance. It 
becomes a question of the value of time as to whether it is 
more economical for a passenger to use the steam railroads 
or the electric roads — in other words, whether the longer time 
consumed in travelling by electric roads is paid for by the 
reduced rates of fare, increased frequency of service and the 
convenience of reaching the exact destination, either directly 
or by transfer to other street railways. 
The question of rates of fare on street railways is one of 
great complexity. On urban roads it has become the custom 
to charge a single fare for any journey whatsoever within the 
limits covered by the tracks of a single company, and this 
journey may, according to circumstances, be accomplished 
either in a single car or in several cars by means of free trans- 
fers and changes. 
On interurban roads the problem becomes one of a different 
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