EDUCATIONAL JOURNALISM IN FRANCE. 849 
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sime by Madame Pape-Carpantier, whose whole life was devoted to the 
education of little children, and to whom we are indebted for ingenious 
Jevices and many excellent books. The present directress of the journal, 
Madame Kergomard, continues the work of Madame Pape-Carpantier 
with equal devotion and like success. Le Monmiteur du Jeune Age 
addresses itself to all who are interested in the education of young 
children, to mothers as well as to teachers. This is also the plan of the 
Eoole Maternelle et Enfantine. The two last-named journals are in 
existence for upward of ten years, and are worthy rivals of the Ami de 
 Enfance. 
FOURTH GROUP, 
We do not comprise in this group the journals of scientific societies, 
which, as they address themselves to a very limited public, cannot be con- 
sidered as forming a part of the school press. But there exist for the use 
of professors and pupils of the secondary and clementary schools certain 
ipecial publications which we must mention here. 
Instruction in geography, which in recent years has received a lively 
pulse, is encouraged and strengthened by the Revue de Géographie 
(published since 1877) and the Annales de Géographie (since 1892). We 
might mention also Année Cartographique, published since 1891. 
Teachers of modern languages derive much help from the Revue de 
Enseignement des Langues Vivantes, founded in 1884. The pupils of 
the lycées and colleges have. for their use the Deutsche Zeitung fir die 
franzosische Jugend, or the Journal Allemand-Deutsches Blatt Jr 
Franzosen, published by a coterie of professors ; the English Journal or 
she Journal Anglais: A Magazine for French People, a journal similar 
;0 the German one. 
Physical culture, long neglected and to-day occupying quite an honor- 
wble place, has also organs, of which we mention the following : La Gym- 
nastique Frangaise, the Moniteur des Exercises Physiques, the Education 
Physique, and the Moniteur de la Ligue Girondine de I Education 
Physique, ete. 
Lastly, Jet us call attention, without attempting to give even an incom- 
plete list of them, the journals which have for their object either the 
diffusion of the ¢* modal ” method of teaching music, or the advocacy of a 
simplified and more rational orthography, or the dissemination among 
seachers and pupils of a knowledge of shorthand. 
FIFTH GROUP. 
The bulletins of various faculties are of recent origin. They have the 
advantage of making known the courses and special lines of work of 
the professors; of aiding the students in their preparations for examina- 
tions, and of encouraging individual efforts.