ISPRS Workshop on Service and Application of Spatial Data Infrastructure, XXXVI (4/W6), Oct. 14-16, Hangzhou, China 
129 
4.3 Pilot Project 
The pilot project was conducted in Tehran, the capital of Iran, 
based on the developed SDI conceptual model and the 
developed web-based system. This pilot project was about 
responding to an assumed earthquake in Tehran. 
In this pilot, a manoeuvre scenario was defined with which 
involved organizations could experience a coordinated disaster 
response based on spatial data sharing and analysis. During the 
manoeuvre, each organization updated its own spatial datasets 
within responding operations, and shared them with the disaster 
response community. Therefore each individual responding 
organization had access to required spatial datasets to integrate 
and analyze their datasets using GIS functionalities to support 
their own decision-making for disaster response. 
The results of the pilot project also showed that a web-based 
GIS using an SDI framework: 
• Facilitates and improves decision-making process, 
• Facilitates and improves coordination of activities and 
• Reduces the response time span to at least 40% of the 
currents situation. 
5. CONCLUSION 
The results of the case study and its pilot project showed how 
useful a web-based system that works using SDI can be for 
effective and efficient disaster response management. Using 
SDI framework, reliable and up-to-date spatial data for disaster 
response is always available and accessible for decision-makers. 
A web-based system is also an appropriate tool which can be 
used for data sharing and data analysis and consequently 
coordinating and controlling emergency situation. 
The effectiveness and efficiency of the system can be 
interpreted by different elements, however, in this research 
facilitating decision-making process, facilitating coordination of 
activities and reducing the response time duration were chosen 
as three evaluating factors. 
It should be noted that such SDI conceptual model and web- 
based system facilitates and improves not only disaster response, 
but also other phases of disaster management including 
mitigation, preparedness and recovery. 
REFERENCES 
Amdahl, G., 2002. Disaster Response: GIS for Public Safety, 
Published by ESRI, Redlands California. 
http://www.esri.com/news/arcnews/winterO 102articles/gis- 
homeland.html (accessed October 2002). 
Chan, T. O., Feeney, M.E., Rajabifard, A. and Williamson I. P., 
2001. The dynamic nature of spatial data infrastructure: a 
method of descriptive classification. Journal of Geomatica, 
55(1), pp. 65-72. 
Coleman, D. J. and McLaughlin, J., 1998. Defining global 
geospatial data infrastructure (GSDI): components, stakeholders 
and interfaces, Geomatics journal, Canadian Institute of 
Geomatics, 52(2), pp. 129-144. 
Cutter, S. L., Richardson, D. B. and Wilbanks, T. J., 2003. The 
Geographic Dimension of Terrorism, New York and London, 
Toutledge. 
Davies, J., 2003. Expanding Spatial Data Infrastructure model 
to support spatial wireless applications, PhD thesis, 
Department of Geomatics, The University of Melbourne. 
Donohue, K., 2002. Using GIS for All-hazard Emergency 
Management, http://www.edc.uri.edu/nrs/classes/nr5409/509- 
2002/donahue.pdf (accessed February 2004). 
Dynes, R. R., 1970. Organized Behavior in Disaster. Lexington, 
D.C. Health 
Geoinsight, 2002. Spatial Information Network for Emergency 
Management in Australia, Summery of Proceedings, Published 
in Geoinsight Workshop, Technik Group, October 2002. 
Geoinsight, 2001. Geoinsight Project Phase I, A Report Based 
on Consultative Workshops with Representatives from 
Emergency Management Agencies in Every State/Territory of 
Australia, Technik Group, November 2001. 
Hodgkinson, P. E. and Stewart, M., 1991. Coping with 
Catastrophe: A Handbook of Disaster Management, London 
and New York, Routledge. 
IRSC, 2004. Iranian Red Crescent Operations: A Summery of 
Activities and Achievements, Iranian Red Crescent Society, 
http://www.irrcs.org (accessed February 2004). 
ISDR, 2003. Basic Terms of Disaster Risk Reduction, 
International Strategy for Disaster 
Reduction, http://www.adrc.or.jp/publications/terminology/top.h 
tm (accessed on Jan 2004). 
Jain, S. and McLean, C., 2003. A Framework for Modeling and 
Simulation for Emergency Response, Proceedings of the 2003 
Winter Simulation Conference, Fairmont Hotel, New Orleans, 
Louisiana, USA. 
JICA and CEST, 2000. The Study on Seismic Microzoning of 
the Greater Tehran Area in the Islamic Republic of Iran, Final 
Report, Main Report, November 2000, Pacific Consultants 
International, OYO Cooperation. 
Kevany, M., 1995. A Proposed Structure for Observing Data 
Sharing, in Sharing geographic Infromation, eds. Onsrud, H. J. 
& Rushton, G., Center for Urban policy Research, New 
Brunswick, New Jersey, Rutgers. 
Lee, j. and Bui, T., 2000). A Template-Based Methodology for 
Disaster Management Information Systems”, The 33rd Hawaii 
International Conference on System Sciences, Maui, Hawaii, 
http://csdl.computer.org/comp/proceedings/hicss/2000/0493/01/ 
04931050.pdf (accessed on February 2004). 
Mansourian A., 2005. Development of an SDI Conceptual 
Model and Web-based System to Facilitate Disaster 
Management, PhD Thesis, K.N.Toosi University of Technology, 
Tehran,Iran. 
McDougall, K., Rajabifard, A., and Williamson, I. P., 2002. 
From Little Things Big Things Grow: Building the SDI from 
Local Government up, Joint AURISA and Institution of 
Surveyors Conference, 25-30 November 2002, Adelaide, South 
Australia.