1166 
Repeat period (days) : 
3 
3 
3 
14 
14 
14 
35 
35 
35 
SAR swath width (kms): 
100 
400 
400 
100 
400 
400 
100 
400 
400 
Optical swath width (kms): 
30 
60 
920 
30 
60 
920 
30 
60 
920 
Sub- 
Kev Maximum 
AoDlication 
Parameter Interval 
(days) 
0 Xr 
0 Xr 
sir 
0 Xr 
0 ill 
0 Xr 
0 
0 ill 
0 Xr 
Agriculture 
Biomass/LAI 
7 
x x V 
• X V 
VVV 
V X X 
V • • 
v v V 
V* X 
yjyj . 
v VV 
Crop cover 
14 
XXV 
• X V 
VV v/ 
V x • 
V • • 
v v V 
V* X 
VV* 
VVV 
Crop height 
14 
X X V 
• X V 
V V V 
V X • 
V • • 
vWV 
V • x 
V V» 
VVV 
Crop structure 
7 
XXV 
• X V 
i/i/V 
V X X 
V • • 
V V V 
V* X 
V V* 
VVV 
Forestry 
Biomass 
365 
XXV 
• X V 
VVV 
V x V 
V • V 
VVV 
V* V 
V V V 
V\ V 
Evapotranspiration 
LAI 
7 
XXV 
• x V 
vvv 
V X X 
yj . . 
v V V 
V* X 
v V • 
V\ v 
Seasonal Snow Cover 
Areal extent (lowlands) 
1 
XXX 
• X X 
y] yj . 
XXX 
• • X 
VVx 
X • X 
• V X 
V V X 
Areal extent (mountain 
5 
XXV 
• X V 
V V V 
V X X 
V • • 
VVV 
v • x 
v Vx 
VVV 
basins & climate models) 
Mountain glaciers 
Areal extent 
60 
XXV 
• X V 
vvv 
V X V 
V* V 
V V v/ 
V • V 
V Vs/ 
VVV 
Extent of snow/ice areas 
5 
X X V 
•XV 
VVV 
V X X 
vf • • 
vvv 
V • X 
V V X 
V V vf 
Extent of surging glaciers 
15 
XXV 
• X V 
VVV 
V X • 
V • • 
v • x 
V V • 
VVV 
Mass balance 
10 
X X V 
• X V 
VVV 
V X X 
V • • 
vvv 
V • X 
V V- 
vvv 
Ice motion 
180 
X X V 
• X V 
VVV 
V X V 
V • V 
VVV 
V • v 
VVV 
vvv 
Polar ice sheets 
Boundaries of ice streams 
30 
XXV 
• X V 
'iVV 
V X V 
V* v 
N V V 
yj • yj 
V V V 
V v V 
Boundaries 
60 
xxv 
• X V 
v V V 
V X V 
V • V 
V \ V 
v • V 
V V V 
VVV 
Extent of snow/ice areas 
5 
XXV 
• X V 
VVV 
V X X 
V • • 
VVV 
V* x 
V V x 
VVV 
Ice motion 
180 
X X V 
• X V 
V VV 
V X V 
V • V 
iiMil 
v • V 
V v v 
V\ V 
Pedology 
Soil moisture (after rain) 
1 
XXX 
•XX 
W- 
XXX 
• • X 
VVx 
X • X 
• V X 
V V X 
Soil moisture (seasonal) 
30 
XXV 
• x V 
VVV 
V X V 
V ♦ V 
vvv 
V • V 
V V V 
V V V 
Run-off (after rain) 
1 
XXX 
• X X 
VV* 
XXX 
• • X 
V V x 
X • X 
• V X 
V v'x 
Run-off (seasonal) 
30 
XXV 
• x V 
vvv 
V x V 
yj • yj 
vvv 
V* v 
v v V 
V V V 
Vegetation areal extent 
30 
X X V 
• X V 
V V V 
V X V 
V • V 
V V V 
V • V 
v V V 
V v v 
Table 2 - Suitability of Orbit and System Parameters (Single Platform case) with respect to Synergistic Temporal 
Sampling Requirements (symbols ‘0’, ‘X’ and ‘r’ refer to latitude, longitude and number of return times 
respectively; ‘x’, *•’ and ‘V’ denote ‘low’, ‘medium’ and ‘high’ coverage respectively). For latitudinal 
and longitudinal coverage ‘low’ is less than 33%, ‘medium’ is 33% to 66%, and ‘high’ is above 66%. 
A ‘medium’ no. of return times ensures maximum time interval is available throughout repeat period. 
Repeat period (days) : 
3 
3 
3 
14 
14 
14 
35 
35 
35 
SAR swath width (kms): 
100 
400 
400 
100 
400 
400 
100 
400 
400 
Optical swath width (kms): 
30 
60 
780 
30 
60 
780 
30 
60 
780 
Sub- 
Kev Maximum 
Application 
Parameter 
Interval 
(davs) 
0 Xr 
0ÀÎ 
0 Xr 
0Xr 
0Xr 
0 Xr 
0 X r 
0 Xr 
0Xr 
Agriculture 
Biomass/LAI 
7 
XXV 
V X V 
vvv 
V x x 
v. . 
v V v 
V* X 
v. . 
vvv 
Crop cover 
14 
xxV 
V X V 
V V V 
V x • 
V • • 
V V V 
V* X 
V • • 
V V V 
Crop height 
14 
x x v 
V x v 
V V V 
V X • 
V* • 
v V V 
V* X 
V • • 
vvv 
Crop structure 
7 
xxv 
Vx V 
V v v 
v x x 
V- . 
V V v 
V* X 
V- • 
vvv 
Forestry 
Biomass 
365 
X X V 
Vx V 
VVV 
Vx V 
V • V 
V V V 
V • V 
v. V 
v v V 
Evapotranspiration 
LAI 
7 
x x v 
V’x V 
VVV 
V x x 
v. • 
V V V 
V* X 
V- • 
V V V 
Seasonal Snow Cover 
Areal extent (lowlands) 
1 
XXX 
Vx X 
V v • 
XXX 
V* X 
V Vx 
X • X 
V • x 
VVx 
Areal extent (mountain 
5 
XX'J 
VxV 
V V v 
Vx x 
>/• • 
V V V 
V • X 
V • X 
v V V 
basins & climate models) 
Mountain glaciers 
Areal extent 
60 
xxv 
Vx V 
VVV 
V X v' 
V* V 
V V V 
V- V 
v. v 
vvv 
Extent of snow/ice areas 
5 
X X V 
V X V 
vvv 
V X X 
V • • 
V V V 
V* X 
V • X 
vvv 
Extent of surging glaciers 
15 
X X V 
vxV 
VVV 
V x • 
v. • 
V V V 
V* X 
V- . 
vvv 
Mass balance 
10 
X X V 
V X V 
VVV 
V X X 
V • • 
V v V 
V • X 
v. • 
V V V 
Ice motion 
180 
X X V 
Vx V 
VVV 
V X V 
V* V 
yjyjyj 
v. V 
v. V 
vvv 
Polar ice sheets 
Boundaries of ice streams 
30 
X X V 
V X V 
VVV 
V X V 
V* V 
vvv 
V • v 
V • V 
V V V 
Boundaries 
60 
X X V 
V X V 
v v V 
v x V 
v. v 
V v V 
V • V 
V • V 
V V v 
Extent of snow/ice areas 
5 
xxv 
V x V 
VVV 
V x x 
V • • 
vvv 
V* X 
V* X 
V \ V 
Ice motion 
180 
X X V 
v'x V 
VV V 
V X V 
yj. yj 
V V v 
V • V 
V. V 
V v V 
Pedology 
Soil moisture (after rain) 
1 
XXX 
V X X 
V V • 
XXX 
V* X 
V V X 
X • X 
v • x 
V V x 
Soil moisture (seasonal) 
30 
xxv 
V X V 
V V V 
V X V 
V • v 
V V V 
V • v 
V • V 
vvv 
Run-off (after rain) 
1 
XXX 
V X X 
V V • 
XXX 
V • X 
V Vx 
X • X 
V* X 
V V X 
Run-off (seasonal) 
30 
xxv 
V x v 
V V V 
V X V 
V. V 
V V V 
V. V 
V • V 
V V 
Vegetation areal extent 
30 
xxv 
V x V 
V v v 
V X V 
V. V 
vvv 
v • V 
V* v 
vvv 
Table 3 - Suitability of Orbit and System Parameters (Two Platform case) with respect to Synergistic Temporal 
Sampling Requirements (symbols ‘0’, ‘X’ and ‘r’ refer to latitude, longitude and number of return times 
respectively; ‘x’, *•’ and ‘V’ denote ‘low’, ‘medium’ and ‘high’ coverage respectively). For latitudinal 
and longitudinal coverage ‘low’ is less than 33%, ‘medium’ is 33% to 66%, and ‘high’ is above 66%. 
A ‘medium’ no. of return times ensures maximum time interval is available throughout repeat period.