953
FLUORESCENT DIAGNOSTICS OF OIL POLLUTIONS:
OIL IN FILM AND OIL DISPERSED IN WATER BODY
S.Patsayeva, V.Yuzhakov, V.Fadeev
Phys. Dept of Moscow State University
119899 Moscow (Russia)
ABSTRACT:
In this work the fluorescence excitation, emission as well as synchronous spectra for different
types of oil pollutions in thin films (1...100 mkm) and in water body have been investigated. The
distinctive fluorescence features for oil in film, oil in water and DOM in water have been figured
out. On the basis of obtained spectroscopic results the technique of separation of fluorescence
signal of oil dispersed in water body using two excitation wavelengths has been suggested. Also it
has been shown that synchronous fluorescent spectra can be used for identification of oil type
directly in water sample.
KEY WORDS: Oil pollution, Dissolved organic matter, Fluorescence, Synchronous spectra
1 - INTRODUCTION
The most wide-spread organic pollutions in ocean water are represented by crude and refined
mineral oils. Actual problem of environmental control demands the elaboration of express and
highly sensitive techniques for oil pollutions (OP) monitoring. Diagnostics of OP consists of: (1)
detection of OP - discrimination between various organic pollutions including dissolved organic
matter (DOM, Gelbstofl) naturally occured in water; (2) identification of OP type; (3) quantitative
measurement.
The fluorescent spectroscopy with laser excitation has shown some promising results in
remote detection of oil pollutions due to its sensitivity. And recently, several investigators have
developed laser radar systems for the remote sensing of oil spills. However, there are still few
problems in OP remote sensing using fluorescent techniques to be solved: interference of
fluorescence signal from oil pollutions in water body, oil in film on water surface, and dissolved
organic matter naturally occured in water.
In this work the fluorescence excitation, emission as well as synchronous spectra for different
types of OP in thin films (1... 100 mkm) and in water body have been investigated. The distinctive
fluorescence features for oil in film, oil in water and DOM in water have been figured out. On the
basis of obtained spectroscopic results the technique of separation of fluorescence signal of oil
dispersed in water body using two excitation wavelengths has been suggested. Also it has been
shown that synchronous fluorescence spectra can be used for identification of oil type directly in
water sample.
Different oil products (gasoline, Diesel fuel, kerosene, machine oil, some crude oils) in thin
films and their water samples have been studied. Fluorescence spectra have been detected by
spectrofluorometer "Jobin Yvon 3CS" with Xe-lamp as an excitation source. Experimental data
handling included normalization of excitation spectra by source intensity spectrum and spectral
sensitivity of installation. The wavelengths of excitation used in this work corresponded with laser
