530 - 
- synoptical character of information, i.e. relation of 
information (image) to an individual moment or a short period of time; the ^ 
base 
- possibility of investigating the dynamics of larger phenomena cycle 
fixed on photographs, i.e. the possibility of a detailed study of single 
phases of phenomena with the help of repeated photography executed at a given 
time interval. photogi 
possib 
We will mention some possibilities of practical use of space during 
photographs. maps 
The experimental work carried out on the base of photographs 
obtained from the first in the World Soviet scientific orbital station 
permitted the conclusion that the space survey makes it possible to 
successfully carry out the mapping of remote territories and of those of 
difficult access; it permits also to execute coordinate ties and surveying 
of isles located at large distances from continents. Solution of these two 
problems with the aid of space technology will provide considerable economy 
of labour, time and money in the future as compared with other methods. 
Utilization of orbital spacecraft cooperating with ground 
measuring equipment permits one to obtain coordinates of projection centres 
of photographs. With the help of these coordinates, and having determined the 
angular elements of exterior orientation of photographs, it is possible to 
execute mapping without any preliminary ground geodetic work. 
It should be noted that, as compared with aerial surveying, the 
space surveying secures reduction of the quantity of the processed photographs 
to a fraction of its former amount; this, in its turn, reduces time, labour and 
expenses connected with office map compilation. 
The space photographs permit to directly compile small-scale 
topographic and thematic maps without preliminary compilation of maps on 
larger scales. Here the advantage of natural generalization of planimetry is 
utilized which provides some automatic selection of map elements of 
corresponding size. 
One important requirement made by the national economy to maps 
intended for various work connected with study and exploration of natural 
resources is that of continuous revision of maps to keep them up-to-date. 
Intensive economic development of our country, creation of new large hydro- 
technical complexes, development and amelioration of lands, construction of 
new railways and motor highways, construction and reconstruction of towns, 
building of oil-and gas pipelines etc., all this leads to speeded-up ageing 
of maps. The face of the Earth is being changed so rapidly that the 
geodesists and cartographers often must undertake revision of a map that was 
compiled by conventional methods even before its publication. 
Practice has shown that the space surveys can be utilized for 
objective estimation and choice of areas in which new changes have occurred 
and necessity in immediate revision has arisen. 
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