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Parallel with the aforesaid, and under the condition that in
the future these photographs of corresponding parameters shall be used as a
base for mapping, it may prove possible that the duration of the technological
cycle of map revision could be essentially reduced.
This can be corroborated by the experience of using space
photographs of the oriental coast of the Caspian sea; these photographs made
possible the detection of some of the coastline changes that had occurred there
during the last years; corresponding corrections were introduced into the
maps of these Regions.
The space photographs received from the board of the "Salut"
have made possible experiments directed towards creation of new types of maps,
and namely, small-scale topographical, geographical, and thematic photomaps
and relief photomaps distinguished by their larger content of information.
As a rule, small-scale maps contained line graphic information about the
terrain, and photomaps have been compiled only on large scales.
A topographical photomap, while including all the information
of a line map, carries additionally a halftone image of the terrain which
permits its efficient use for geological, agricultural, and other aims.
It is very difficult to create a good small-scale photomap from
aerial pictures, as the aerial survey from an aircraft cannot be rapidly
executed over the whole area under survey, and therefore different photos will
contain imagery obtained under different conditions of photography.
But a space photograph covering large areas and embracing one
or more survey sheets, is able to secure making of photomaps for large regions.
Such maps can find very wide application, and their value for
solving many problems cannot be overestimated.
On the base of cosmic photographs received from the pilot
space station "Salut", small-scale relief maps were compiled for the first
time. These are reduced relief models of the terrain, on which it was
possible to very clearly represent a vast area with all its complicated inter
relations of relief, hydrography, woods, inhabited centres, roads, etc.
There can be no doubt that such maps may be used as good educational aids in
the future, and will find application for some economic purposes as well.
One of the important steps in map making from aerial photographs
is photointerpretation. Depending on organization and technology of work
and local physico-geographical conditions, the said process can be very time-
consuming.
An analysis of results of space photography has shown that
cosmic photographs, as compared with aerial pictures of the same scale, have
some essential advantages as regards their interpretation for topographical
purposes.