Full text: Application of remote sensing and GIS for sustainable development

in conjunction with water could be profitably and 
sustainably exploited for agriculture or forestry or other 
uses, consistent with land capability evaluation so as to 
maintain ecological balance, provide protection against 
soil loss and land degradation and deliver clean and 
controlled tlow of water. Likewise, based on hydrologic 
groupings of soils, appropriate water management 
programmes would be identified not only to improve 
water regime and water use, but also to protect the land 
against water logging and salinization. 
1.2 Prelude to Inventory 
Each watershed has its own problems, potentials 
and development needs, defined by a set of geo 
physical, climatic, demographic and socio-economic 
factors. It is necessary to have a broad idea about these 
aspects prior to information generation, primary for 
identifying the planning goals and deciding the 
abstraction level of thematic mapping in each case. The 
preparatory information is derived mainly from 
literature, including the State and Central Government 
Departmental reports and maps, as well as discussions 
with the Divisional, District and Block authorities and 
rapid traverses in the area. The information relates to : 
Specific needs of the people 
- Overall potential of the area 
- General problems of the area 
Availability of information 
- Gaps in the information 
Acceptability of the information 
1.3 Planning Goals 
Based on the preparatory information, the 
following broad planning goals are addressed. 
• Provide for basic needs of the people - water, fuel, 
food and fodder. 
• Develop and optimize primary production systems 
and practices - Agriculture, forests, grasslands, 
fruit and other economic plantations. 
• Control of soil erosion/land degradation and 
reclamation of degraded lands. 
• Soil conservation, sediment control and runoff 
moderation. 
• Optimize production of minerals with proper plans 
for rehabilitation of mined areas. 
• Restore wastelands to their production potentials 
consistent with land capability classification. 
• Development and management of surface and 
ground water resources. 
• Optimize irrigation and management of agricultural 
land. 
• Promote animal husbandry, dairy development and 
poultry. 
• Industrial growth, environmental security and 
improvement of socio-economic conditions. 
2.0 DATA BASES 
The data bases are meant to serve an efficient 
system of information gathering, compiling, classifi 
cation, transformation, storage, retrieval synthesis/ 
analysis and presentation. Data base comprises of spatial 
information which are derived from remote sensing 
satellite data and available maps as well as non spatial 
information collected from different sources. 
2.1 Remote Sensing and Collateral Data 
(a) Remote Sensing Data 
IRS L1SS-II, LISS-III and PAN data are exten 
sively used for generating spatial data bases. Multi date 
satellite data covering the whole watershed are 
considered necessary to guard against any information 
loss and improve data sensitivity. 
(b) Collateral Data 
The collateral data available with various agencies 
are collected and attribute database has been established. 
- Topographical maps 
- Detailed soil survey maps and reports 
- Vegetation map and reports 
- Ground water map and reports 
- Geological map and reports 
- Socio-economic data 
- Existing water and soil conservation practices 
- Existing developmental schemes. 
2.2 Base Map 
Digital Cartographic Data Base (DCDB) with the 
planning unit of a village and corresponding sub 
watershed linkages is prepared by digitising the 
watershed boundary and other cultural features from 
topographical maps. 
Masks of watershed, taluks, forests and cultural 
features are generated. The district and tahsil masks are 
used to extract data pertaining to these administrative 
units from the classified image and hence are useful in 
areal statistics generation.
	        
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