CIPA 2003 XIX th International Symposium, 30 September - 04 October, 2003, Antalya, Turkey 
140 
Phase F Extraction of the orthometric attribute. In 
particular, our research studies the automatic bundling 
methods of the individual objects of the level extracted 
automatically by GRID data obtained on a Arclnfo 
environment, resulting from processing the DTM available 
inside IT2000 Map. 
Phase G: Region structuring 
This level allow to structure Geographical Data and 
relative Archives by HIERARCHICAL DESIGNED 
georeferencing that include the 3 logical classes of objects: 
Individual object, Components and Complexes. 
In this level are described REGION based procedures. 
Examination of case studies typical of the lists of objects 
and flexible adaptation of the structuring procedures to their 
characteristics (complex objects without elucidation of their 
component objects, component objects without the complex 
object, adjacent components, complex objects with relative 
component objects, individual objects). 
2.3 Georeferencing with GPS Pathfinder Pocket System 
The research we propose, studied: 
- implementation of the Risk map with object Coordinates (E, 
N, q) acquired with the GPS Pathfinder Pocket System; 
- methods for handling and processing the data; 
- test of accuracy and processing protocols: this phase is 
particularly delicate since the relatively low cost of the 
instruments, the high manipulability, and ease in using the 
system will encourage its wide spread use throughout the 
sector; this could bring about the risk of superficial methods of 
processing with uncontrollable errors, especially with the less 
experienced user. Therefore, there is the need to disseminate 
basic processing standards. 
- real time connection methods, by means of experimentation 
and targeted testing in zones having different morphologies 
(mountainous, hilly, flat plains regions) for acquisition of the 
differential correction with permanent GPS stations sprinkled 
around the territory in order to improve the degree of accuracy 
of the data acquired. Definition of connection protocols via 
modem (radio and GSM) and the Internet; use of permanent 
stations for realisation of Virtual Reference Stations (VRS); 
definition of a Master Virtual Station 7 . 
Useful of Palm GPS technology has been tested in both 
direction: 
- remote updating DBASE with the data collected on site 
avoiding manual transcription error, eventually using Palm with 
support cartography to make sketched digitalisation; 
- georeferencing (G.) by acquiring directly 3D coordinates 
position for particularly set of manufacts. Filed of possible 
apply: 
-archaeological sites, complex and components; 
-archaeological routes, protected itineraries, open museums, ... 
not registered on the map; 
-generally in the cases where is possible GPS be positioned to 
have signal coverage, over the objects, or inside (for 
architectural manufact this condition is not verified, so it’s very 
limited for historical centre) for set of well that needed to be G. 
obviously in absence of map. 
2.3 3D Environmental model to build 3D georeferencing and 
topology : aggregating attribute to GEODATABASE 
- Automatic processing and bundling the geographic data for 
the Risk map of the Cultural Objects. 
We will conduct experiments with the following objectives: 
- methodologies, specifications and automation procedures for 
extraction, bundling and integration-correlation of 
environmental and geographic information on the individual 
objects or complexes currently at risk; 
- generation of inclination charts, solar exposition, acclivity 
(information associated with the altimetric description of the 
terrain), using GRID topological data structures of the 3D 
model and area structures extracted by uniform bands, related 
with the topology of the cultural objects, in an indexed and 
attributed format for easy consultation; 
- interrelationships with themes of other origins (geological, 
subsoil, hydrographic, overflow, landslide risk, hydro- 
geological instability....) to generate vulnerability indices and 
parameters; 
The idea is to improve on the idea of merely cataloguing and 
classifying in order to better support the comparative work in 
evaluating the phenomena of accelerated decay and instability, 
in appraising the transformations taking place over time, in 
making historical assessments of the data, and providing 
support to the decision-making. 
2.4 Experimentation: usability of Cadastral Map in 
Georeferencing 
The research intends to pursue experimentation in the direction 
of using cadastral data, looking for context where the Map of 
Risk may be used. In fact, inside Map of Risk, once any risk 
level or index has been uncovered, tracing back the properties 
will be a mandatory step. Two the settings of use are examined: 
-1. BASIC georeferencing using numeric cadastral charts; 
- II. ON LINE use at a later time of the cadastral sheets from 
WEB GIS of the cultural objects. 
Problems to face: 
* geometric identification of the restricted area by means of 
cross-referenced research of the Superintendent (list of the 
protected cultural objects, protection decrees, ...), of the 
Registry and cadastral office; 
* check of the procedure of integration between cadastral 
cartography - parcel - registry - “protected by law” heritage: 
finding the protection Decree, identifying the parcel numbers 
and respective certificates on line. 
* evaluating if the use can be concretely forecasted in 
differentiated times and, at a later time, with respect to an initial 
generalised georeferencing on all the cultural objects and in this 
case, according to which methods. 
In case of protected monuments, only from the single decree is 
possible to identify restricted area, in this case through number 
of parcel; from the parcel to the cadastral map and to the 
property registry. 
And in case of all the other monuments, once extracted from 
the risk area the “at risk well georeferencfed”, is possible from 
the cadastral map, to find the parcel number till to the property 
registry. 
In the Italian case, digital Cadastral Maps are inhomogeneous, 
partially updated. In Lombardy only 3 provinces (Milan, Lodi, 
Cremona) provides vectorial map, for the other there are raster 
map with geotiff file only around some extra urban areas. And 
so on. So it’s impossible to make responsible of digitalisation 
and georeferenciation of map (solving transformation problems, 
algorithms, world file, ...) the operator of the G. of Cultural 
Heritage. What is possible and has been done, but only in case 
of expeditious and punctual G. with low cost necessities, is to 
delegate to the Institute of Cadastre (Territorial Agency) the 
work to identifying and georeferencing on he map but only by 
the office without on site campaign and collection of database 
field. One great problem experimented is the difficulty to locate 
monuments on the map without on site campaigns, since 
addre 
densi 
2.4 
REM 
"SUI 
Our r 
systei 
duplit 
const: 
struct 
and is 
the b 
protec 
to th 
profes 
and A 
authoi 
expan 
categc 
analys 
extens 
There 
*deve 
to vari 
* expe 
maps 
"cadas 
client- 
* exa 
agreen 
Agenc 
*devel 
of the 
methoi 
integrc 
consul 
system 
* ide 
consul 
WHEh 
3. C( 
FORI 
The pr 
the Re 
not on 
demon; 
definec 
The re 
guideli 
on a be 
“Instru; 
heritage 
based c 
year (1 
will be 
affined 
efforts 
GIS. 
1. Som 
taken 
specific