CIPA 2003 XIX th International Symposium, 30 September - 04 October, 2003, Antalya, Turkey 
i) provide temporary protection on the site to ensure 
that the existing building elements and spontaneous 
plants were not further damaged during construction. 
(See Figure 4 & 5) 
Figure 4: Temporary protection for the spiral staircase 
Figure 5: The spontaneous plants on the building facade 
ii) use appropriate construction methods and material 
that will retain the authenticity of the building in 
terms of design, materials, workmanship and setting. 
Replacements should be as close as possible to the 
original materials. 
iii) consider the conservation principal of minimum 
intervention, even though it is hardly appropriate for 
a re-building project. In order to upgrade the 
facilities, it was necessary to comply with the latest 
services and law requirement such as fire fighting 
equipment, accessibility and facilities for disabled 
people, mechanical and electrical system, sewerage 
and piping facilities, stage facilities etc. 
2.3 Construction Period 
The initial work of the building reinstatement started in August, 
2001 when the building teams were appointed. The entire 
project took almost a year (initial concept to hand over) and the 
construction period was 4 months and 3 weeks (handing over in 
August 2002). The entire project cost was estimated of about 
Ringgit Malaysia 13.8 million. The building was officially 
launched for its second time on 20 th August 2002 by the 
Malaysia Deputy Prime Minister, Datuk Seri Abdullah Ahmad 
Badawi. 
2.4 Construction Stages 
a) First Stage - Structural Repair, Crack Repair & New 
Roof Design 
The damaged structural elements such as column and beams 
were repaired to their original state. The structural repair for all 
the concrete elements was done carefully in order to retain the 
authenticity of the original design. The methods used were not 
only to regain the structural strength as designed and verified 
by the structure engineers, but also to regain the original 
appearance of the elements. 
After hacking and repairing the steel reinforcement bar of the 
concrete and beams (refer to Figure 6), a few layers of bonding 
agent called ‘Nittobond EP’ were placed to cover the exposed 
structure (refer to Figure 7). Then the formwork was prepared 
from layers of timbers line up to produce a textured surface as 
to its original design. The ‘Renderoc LA Concrete’ was filled 
up and hardened until the required strength about 60KN was 
achieved. Once concrete hardening, formworks were removed 
and surfaces were refined. 
Figure 6: Hacking of the damaged concrete surfaces. 
*1 % !.$ 
Ninety percent of the existing concrete elements surfaces were 
covered with soot mark and they required to be cleaned. 
Appropriate methods of cleaning were used. At the beginning, 
water jetting system was used to the entire surfaces (See Figure 
8). It was found that the soot mark were embedded into the 
surfaces and difficult to remove especially at certain elements 
and remote area such as concrete fins, slab soffits, staircases