CI P A 2003 XIX th International Symposium, 30 September - 04 October, 2003, Antalya, Turkey
If possible, it is recommended that DEM of the area generated
by LIDAR technology. In case of the lack of the LIDAR,
instead of automatic image matching, points selected by the
operator will avoid discrepancies due to relief and plant cover of
the area.
5. ARCHEOLOGICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM
Geographical Information System (GIS) can simply be defined
as a digital environment, which is capable of data storage,
analysis, interpretation and presentation and comprises of
software, hardware and data components. Since the software
and hardware could be supplied at reasonable costs including
the training, main difficulty at establishing a GIS comes out to
be the data acquisition, which is the most time consuming and
costly component of the system.
Data component of a GIS includes the aerial and/or satellite
images, digitized maps, digitally compiled photogrammetric
maps, digital or digitized ground photos and drawings, field
survey data collected by GPS and all means of digital data.
Since government agencies and other organizations make use of
computer-based mapping and analytical tools in a variety of
management, planning, and research activities, in order to keep
in pace with the widely used GIS, photogrammetric mapping
today has become a data acquisition for GIS (Jacobsen 2002a).
Preservation of cultural sites has traditionally been oriented
toward the protection and restoration of built structures, but
there is now a trend toward the protection of larger sites and a
monument's surrounds. This trend calls for new tools and
methods for site documentation and management, such as GIS
(Hardy 1997). The benefits of GIS has been discussed in vast
number of publications so it will not be again emphasized but
there is no doubt that it is a powerful tool for cultural resource
managing, procurement planning and documentation of the
heritage within the archeological site.
There are numerous GIS that have been generated for different
historical and archeological sites. The one developed for
Mycenae (Ionnidis et al 2003) has been overviewed and it has
been resolved that a similar geo-based archeological
information system could be applied for Zeugma. Since all
documentation is computerized, in order to complete the data
component of the system all it has be done is obtaining the
products that are described in section 4.3.
6. CONCLUSION
The benefits of a GIS include more accurate and accessible
documentation of sites, and improved monitoring, maintenance
and planning of sites. By developing an archeological GIS that
displays the locations and boundaries of the remains of the
Zeugma, both state and local authorities will be capable of
monitoring the archeological work that are being conducted in
the areas of their proposed projects. At the same time, by adding
the project locations to the GIS system, meaningful predictive
models of archeological site location can be developed using
existing information pertaining to the environmental and
cultural characteristics associated with the presence or absence
of sites in previously surveyed areas.
The Southeastern Anatolia Project assigns specific importance
to the protection and promotion of the cultural heritage of the
region, which has its roots in the early civilizations of the world.
The concept of sustainable development also covers "cultural
continuity" whereby this heritage is transferred to future
generations.
Until now, extraordinary efforts have been exposed in order to
rescue the remains of Zeugma and, from now on, intensive labor
shall be carried on with the help of both domestic and
international volunteer organizations. However, it should be
noted that it is a matter of considerable time and money to
undertake an archeological project on such large area.
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