Full text: New perspectives to save cultural heritage

Historical and esthetical properties of the building 
Its authenticity 
Constructive and structural status 
Its status of availability to all sections and dimensions 
Possible dimensions and scope of restoration application to 
be made 
Data expected from the result of survey 
Budget estimated for this work 
Evaluation made in respect to the preservation economy 
Status and priorities of the building with respect to 
conservation risks. 
The basic principle of architectural conservation and restoration 
today is the preservation of the authenticity of the buildings. 
Thus what is important is not reconstructing the building but to 
preserve it. 
Architectural preservation and restoration is a process. The 
works related to survey and documentation are one of the 
repeatable methods in this process when needed. Therefore it is 
one of the tools used in order to achieve the final purpose, 
namely treatment of the patient. 
Conservation and restoration works are a process lasting until 
the completion of restoration application starting from survey. 
In general, it is a process where an Architect specialized in 
Preservation and restoration should direct and manage. Every 
phase of this process should be supervised and guided by this 
manager. 
In this context, all types of studies such as surveying, static 
analysis, historical research, restitution works, material analyses 
etc. should not be implemented independently by the 
occupational groups that will carry on these works except 
general control and management. In order for all of 
these works yield the desired result, they should be 
implemented under a single management which is very 
important in respect to the process of Architectural 
Conseravation and restoration. 
In our day, the Architectural heritage became diversified and 
increased in number; thus the act of preservation has become 
even more difficult, with the cost increased its form has begun 
to change. Although the extensive restorations still continue, as 
it has been mentioned clearly in article 4 of Venice Charter , 
preservation act should be continuous in the form of a simple 
repair. This method both decreases the costs of a complete and 
extensive intervention and also sometimes makes it 
unnecessary. 
methods and techniques. However, local realities of the 
application area, its difficulties and limits sometimes don’t let 
us use the most developed technique and method. In all cases, 
whether it has limits or not, the selection of method and 
technique should be made with methods going farther than 
intuitiveness. In addition from the simplest to the most 
developed one, the method, techniques and tools should be used 
together in many applications. A photometric façade survey 
may be mixed with a manual plan survey. In these days when 
the architects and engineers seem to have forgotten how to draw 
by hand on paper, I think that we shouldn’t throw away our 
steel- meters and pencils and follow the physicians who have re 
discovered use of plants in the treatment of some diseases. 
Table 1 
In this table, a simple questioning method has been suggested in 
order to determine the method and technique related to 
architectural survey of the building. This method has been tried 
to build on criteria that are different for each building and that 
might guide for the principles of the restoration intervention to 
be made. 
In the table formed with this purpose, it is suggested that a 
selection could be made from the most simple, nearly primitive 
tools-devices and methods (0 points) to the utterly developed 
and complex tool-devices (high points). Here: 
Criteria is accepted as “Structural Status” and it is assumed 
that high technology must be used according to the status 
of deterioration of the building. 
Criteria is accepted as “Accessibility to Sections of 
Survey” and it is assumed that high technology must be 
used in order to handle the difficulties in the survey of the 
building. 
3. Criteria is accepted as “Risk Status” and it is assumed that 
high and speedy technology must be used due to the 
existence of factors that threatens the building and may 
cause its destruction. 
4. Criteria is accepted as “Budget” separated for the 
preservation of the building and it is assumed that high 
budgets require high technology and complex methods. 
5. Criteria is accepted as “Authenticity Status” of the building 
and it is assumed that surveying and evaluation would be 
made with easy and simple methods and techniques in 
buildings preserved at its original state. 
6. Criteria is accepted as “Scope of Restoration Suggested” 
and it is assumed that complete restoration applications 
should be made with surveys that are made with detailed 
and developed technology and that maintenance works 
may not require extensive surveys. 
7. Criteria is accepted as “Purpose of Survey” and it is 
assumed that on the line starting with publication- 
introduction activities (0 points) and going to re 
construction of the building (4 points), the last one requires 
high technology. 
Criteria is accepted as “Structural Status” and it is assumed 
that for a building at a good condition, survey can be made 
with easy and simple methods but for a building at a bad 
condition or in ruins, high technology and methods are 
required. 
As a result in this table of rating, it is suggested that high points 
require developed methods and techniques but low points 
require simple methods and technology. As it might be seen, 
definite limits are not suggested here when passing from one 
method to the other; the reason for this is that architectural 
survey studies always require mixed usage of various 
techniques and approaches under the creativity of the applicator.
	        
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