CIP A 2003 XIX th International Symposium, 30 September - 04 October, 2003, Antalya, Turkey 
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The first result of survey work is the realization of a topography 
framing of surviving structure of boundary wall and the 
realization of one general planimetry where are individuated a 
mesh of fixes points on the ground like reference for the next 
work. It was made with 6 polygonal structures and 69 stations, 
so in all 1566 surveyed points on the boundary of wall around 
the peninsula. The topographic reference was important for 
illustrating the main altimeters outlines of structures on the 
ground, on the seaside level, and on the top. Special attention 
was for the analysis of architectonical structure connected with 
fortification, like supports or some functional interacting part; 
these ones have been object of operations of detail relief 
executed with methodologies integrated of directed, celerimetric 
and photogrammetric survey. 
3 Description of the city walls 
In the choice of the parts to inquire particular attention has been 
made to the relationship elapsing between these last ones and 
the city walls, to obtain along the existing perimeter an 
exhausting picture of the connected buildings. 
The more complex part of the system, also for obvious 
implications of urbanism, is the one revolt towards the mainland 
at the North of the peninsula, watching over the strait earth 
border that guarantees the communication between city and its 
territory and combines the two ancients harbour basins to the 
East and to the West of the promontory. 
This zone presents an high ground where we can see clear signs 
of structures of palaces and holy building; there is also an 
autonomous boundary wall connected to the town one: a sort of 
a secondary little acropolis or castle showing many works of 
reconstruction and adaptation and that follows the natural 
course of contour line with a complex planimetrie course. Inside 
of the castle there is the Castellum acquae, between the 
numerous rests of building still not enough inquired; It is the 
building of the head of the roman aqueduct used for the 
collection and the successive redistribution of water resources 
inside the old town. This system present great vaulted rooms 
inside, communicating each other and covered by plaster and 
earthenware, used like passage for the management of 
waterworks, for system of separating and for regulating level of 
water. On the wall are visible thick coats of calcareous deposit 
revealing the long-lasting use of these structures. The West and 
the North cistern’s walls are integrated into other walls and into 
a circular tower, and are one of the angular bastion of the castle. 
Close to that structure there is one of the ancient gates of the 
town, the North Gate, almost all underground today, with a big 
monolithic lintel outside, an arched lintel of a big arc inside 
walls and a thick plate marble lining, apparently seemed to be 
reused, of On the north of boundary walls there are rests of a 
great polygonal tower with a regular octagonal plan, with a very 
good making marble face. The castle boundary wall let see very 
late phases and seems completely rehashed in the late Middle 
Age, probably the last phase of Iasos urbanization. 
The south castle walls are turned towards the contiguous level 
area where are greater monuments of the ancient town: the big 
agorà encircled of Imperial Age arcades covered by south walls 
of the same castle, the main temples and the Bouleuterion. 
Iasos boundary wall follows the north-west perimeter of these 
last ones structures, often taking part of different aged buildings 
like the angular hellenistic tower of agorà, the lateral 
Bouleuterion wall where there is one of the deambulatory gate 
1998, ppl4 - 15, e CANNONI M„ CORNIETI M., 
SOVERINI C, TIEFENTHALER M., 2003, pp 7 - 10. 
under the cavea, and the monumental Agorà Gate placed after 
an outside staircase, with a face showing a lot of building 
phases; one of them presents various arcade lintel reusing that 
was around the inside place. In the North part of this zone there 
is another roman arch of a second gate. 
A great building of central cruciform plant was object of a 
detailed survey. It is closed by a semicircular apses on the high 
level that were articulated on three of the four wings; it presents 
vaulted tiles rooms realized in roman late age. It was a thermal 
place probably: in fact there are water-pipes of bricks inside of 
the walls and passing between more levels. 
However structure shows formers systems staying in places 
close to the East Gate, one of the most ancient gate of walls, and 
englobing a great part of urban’s walls, covering the cymatium. 
Another great building of large vaulted rooms communicating 
each other and open toward external by slits was carefully 
surveyed. The presence of a strong plaster, signs of mineral 
deposits on the walls, an ingenious system of mill weirs, is 
supposed to be a cistern. 
Singular buildings near the seaside were surveyed as well. They 
are covered by stony barrel-vault. 
The not survey’s parts of the first campaign are considering in 
this one, like some part of defensive structures of the 
“Byzantine castle” or like some portion of the boundary wall. 
The direct survey either planimetrie or of front view was made 
with traditional methodologies: making draft on the spot where 
to sign metrical values, making polygonal figure around 
architectonical structures including topographic points just 
surveyed in 1997, for surveying through trilateral signs. The 
specific survey was made at different altimetrical levels, 
through cartesian coordinates, very good methodology for 
archaeology because of so irregular sections. 
Survey of walls has a very important part for reading fronts and 
was made by using plane photogrammetry and the next image 
computer drafting. 
4 Conclusions 
Regarding to analysing walls was made a schedule for writing 
the U.S.M. (statigraphical units of walls) before; that’s why is 
necessary to have an elastic instrument for cataloguing, 
adapting at the characteristics of studied objects. The use of 
portable PC consented a partial check on place of results. 
Sampling of U.S.M. more than description of instrument and 
study of geometric characteristics, made drawing of mortar 
samples that were sent to a laboratory to analyze their chemical- 
physical characteristics. 
Mineralogical and petrographical analyses of mortar samples 
coming from different stratigraphic units of the walls.have been 
attempted. The importance of a deep knowledge of the amterials 
used as mortars in the works of masonry is due to the need of 
characterising their composition and quantifying the percentage 
of the different components, suche as aggregate and/or binder. 
The comparison of the samples and the evaluation of data from 
both excavation samples and stratigraphical analyses of the 
walls could allow to define relative or absolute chronologies. 
These temporal data could be useful for the study of manufacts 
of the Iasos archaeological site. The large use of these 
methodologies in the survey could add useful information on 
both the technological processes and on the sites the studied 
materials come from. For this aim we need the sperimentation 
of G. I. S. sistems for the georeferentiation of the mass of the 
informations. The research will also represent an important 
documentation for a reliable chronological reconstruction of the 
different phases of development of the ancient urban site. 
We have collected a lot of data and information till today, but is 
true that to get better a chronology or to suppose a periodization 
is necessary to wait the end of survey operations, according to