CIPA 2003 XIX th International Symposium, 30 September - 04 October, 2003, Antalya, Turkey 
as pozzolanic matter, silica fume, fly ash, white cement, acrylic 
and delicate balancing of their mixture ratios will help prevent 
any possible damage. 
111.1.2. The Determination of the Mixture Ratios and 
Production 
As a result of the chemical and sieve analyses made on the 
original mortar , mass ratios are calculated. Consequently, these 
results help to determine the amount of the present material that 
will be used in the mixture. Repair mortar samples should be 
made for testing. The first attempt may not be successful, 
therefore the results of multiple attempts are compared 
accordingly. The physical and mechanical properties of the new 
mortar that resembles the original one in color and structure are 
found with the help of experiments and are compared with the 
values of the original mortar. Lastly, the new mortar, whose 
physical and mechanical properties are compatible with that of 
the original one should be subject to a series of durability tests. 
These tests will help us to determine whether the use of new 
mortar is appropriate or not. 
111.1.3. The Determination of Durability in Repair Mortars 
Experiments of durability are made in order to measure the 
resistance of the new mortar to the atmosphere conditions. In 
determining the durability of the mortar the following 
experiments should be made: wetting-drying, freezing-thawing 
and aeging tests in the sodium sulphade decahydrade solution 
(salty solution). These experiments will give us information 
about the behaviour of the new repair mortar under unstable 
atmosphere conditions. In other words it will be possible to 
learn the new mortar’s duration of life through the above 
mentioned tests. If there is minimum or no damage at all on the 
new mortar as a result of these experiments, it is possible to 
decide that the durability of the new mortar is high and hence, 
its application is appropriate. The most important aspect of an 
ideal repair mortar is its durability to freezing and thawing 
cycles together with the durability against salt crystals dissolved 
in water against hydradation and dehydradation cycles. 
(Weaver, M., 1997). 
Phase IV: Decision-Making 
The repair mortar produced in light of all the analyses made 
until the last phase is evaluated and whether it is an appropriate 
mortar or not is decided in this phase. Finally, the mixture ratios 
are prescribed for the application. 
II.2.1.1. Sieve Analysis and 
II.2.1.2..The Petrographical and 
II.2.2.1. The Physical 
II.2.2.2. The Mechanical 
Chemical Analyses 
Minerological Analyses 
Property Analyses 
Property Analyses 
i 
t. 
J 
III. Evaluation 
L 
1 
p 
III. 1. Design of Repair Mortars 
I 1 t 
III. 1.1. The Determination of the Properties of 
the Raw Materials 
III. 1.2. The Determination of the Mixture 
Ratios and Production 
w 
? 
III. 1.3. The Determination of Durability in Repair Mortars 
IV. Decision-Making 
? 
Repair Mortar Is Appopriate. 
Repair Mortar Is Not Appopriate. 
Figure 1. A flow diagram that shows a suggested experimental method used in the process of designing of repair mortars and 
plasters.