13
one, M., Del
, Ricco, C.,
Metodologie
i napoletana,
rf the ASITA,
go, G., 1984.
of a volcano
ill. Volcanol.,
Integration of GPS and Conventional Surveying For Positioning of The Mobile
Phone Antennae in A Local System.
Al-Bayari O., Barbarella M., Fazio C.
DISTART - University of Bologna
Viale Risorgimento 2, 40136 - Bologna - Italy
ISPRS - WG VI/3
KEY WORDS: DGPS, MDL, Total station, Mobile Phone antenna, transformation parameters and Gauss Boaga.
Abstract
The integration of GPS and classical surveying has many implementations, and this depends on the purposes of surveying and on the
satellite visibility which may limit the use of GPS. therefore taking into account the cost and time factors, we have studied a reliable
methodology of positioning and orienting mobile phone antenna in the Italian National system.
1. Objective and analysis of the problem
The main aim of this work is to determine a surveying
methodology for mobile phone antennae in the Italian National
system. For that purpose, five different antenna structure types
have been studied in Bologna area.
For each antenna structure, some information and details have
been given to us by the responsible company of the work
(TIM-Italy). The details are:
1- co-ordinates of the antenna frame centre in the Italian
National system estimated at one second.
2- Some drawing details of the antenna structure in different
scales (1:25 - 1:500), and the orientation of the antenna
panels respect to the north estimated at one degree.
Considering the complex shape of antennae’s structure (Fig. 1),
and the low precision in position and orientation that are shown
in detailed drawing of each antenna (Fig. 2), there are aspects
that should be taken into account in surveying mobile phone
antennae:
I - desired or requested accuracy of surveying :
a- metric accuracy
b- decimetric accuracy
II - antenna elements for surveying:
a- position of the centre of antenna frame,
b- Position of the centre and orientation of antenna frame and
use of the detailed drawing of antenna structure,
c- Position and orientation of all antenna's elements.
III - transformation of antenna co-ordinates in the Italian
National system:
a- Use of local parameters, associated to the vertices of
Italian GPS network IGM95.
b- Use of a set of parameters for each zone
2. Instruments
The instruments used to study the problem and to achieve the
objectives of this work are:
1- GPS and DGPS receivers to determine the co-ordinates of
one or more points in the reference GPS system and
consequently in the National system.
2- Traditional instruments, placed in the stations determined
by GPS:
a- Theodolite or total station for the intersection surveying,
b- MDL instrument, the system employ laser time of flight
technique to measure ranges to a certain target without the
need to place reflectors at that target. This allows accurate
measurements to be made of inaccessible points such as
in our case.
