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APPLICATION OF THE SATELLITE POSITIONING SYSTEMS 
IN GEODETIC AND GEODYNAMIC PROGRAMMES 
OF THE CEI WGST SECTION C “GEODESY” 
Janusz Sledzinski 
International Coordinator of the CEI WGST Section C "Geodesy" 
Chairman of the IAG Subcommission "Geodetic and Geodynamic Programmes of the CEI" 
Warsaw University of Technology 
Institute of Geodesy and Geodetic Astronomy 
00-661 Warsaw, Poland, PL Politechniki 1 
Voice: +48 22 622 8515; Fax: +48 22 621 0052; E-mail sledzinski@gik.pw.edu.pl) 
http://www.gik.pw.edu.pl/iggae/cei.html 
ABSTRACT 
The paper includes concise information on some recent geodetic and geodynamic projects that are realised in international 
cooperation of the European countries in the frame of the scientific programme of sixteen countries assembled in the CEI (Central 
European Initiative) WG Science and Technology Section C "Geodesy". The main achievements of the first phase of the 
international geodynamic project CERGOP (Central Europe Regional Geodynamics Project) are outlined. The main objectives 
of another CEI project UNIGRACE (Unification of Gravity Systems in Central and Eastern Europe) and the results of the 1998 
campaign of absolute gravity measurements are pointed out. The programme of activities of the Section C Working Group on 
Satellite Navigation Systems and actions realised by the Working Group on University Education Standards are summarised. 
Special role of satellite permanent GPS stations for geodynamic research and creating national navigation systems is pointed out. 
Some cooperation links between CEI WGST Section C "Geodesy" and European Geophysical Society and International 
Association of Geodesy are mentioned. 
1. ABOUT CEI 
Central European Initiative (CEI) is the organisation 
established in 1989 at very high level of Ministers of Foreign 
Affairs of Central European countries. In November 1989 the 
Foreign Ministers of Austria, Hungary, Italy and Yugoslavia 
at the conference in Budapest founded an organisation named 
QUADRAGONALE. A few months later, in April 1990 
(Vienna) former Czechoslovakia joined this organisation 
forming the PENTAGONALE and in July 1991 at the 
conference of Prime Ministers in Dubrovnik Poland was 
admitted creating the HEXAGONALE. In July 1992 the 
HEXAGONALE^was renamed as CENTRAL EUROPEAN 
INITIATIVE. Violent political development in Europe, break 
up and civil war in Yugoslavia, disintegration of 
Czechoslovakia, formation of new countries in the region of 
Eastern and Southern Europe, all these events caused 
considerable changes in organisation and internationall 
cooperation within the Central European Initiative. The 
current (1.02.2000) status of the CEI membership is the 
following: Albania, Austria, Belarus, Bosnia&Herzegovina, 
Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, FYROM (Macedonia), 
Hungary, Italy, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, 
Slovenia and Ukraine. 
The main objectives of the CEI cooperation are to strengthen 
the stabilisation within the region of Central Europe, to 
promote all-European integration processes and to help the 
Central and Eastern European countries in entering the 
integrated world by adjusting their multi-lateral relations to 
Western European standards. 
It was agreed that a Summit (Heads of Governments and 
Foreign Ministers) would be held once a year in October or 
November and a meeting of Foreign Ministers of the member 
countries would be organised every year in spring (May- 
June). Working Groups constitute the basic structural 
component of the CEI. They plan and approve initiatives, 
agreements and projects which they promote and complete in 
cases requiring financing, or which they pass to the National 
Coordinators or Foreign Ministries for approval and 
financing. 
At the moment there are eighteen CEI Working Groups: 
1. Agriculture (chaired by Poland); 
2. Civil protection (Italy); 
3. Combating organised crime (Italy and Slovakia); 
4. Culture and education (Slovakia); 
5. Energy (Ukraine); 
6. Environment (Austria); 
7. Environment and transport (Austria); 
8. Human dimension (Austria); 
9. Human resource development and training (Czech 
Republic); 
10. Information and media (Austria and Romania); 
11 .Migration (Hungary); 
12. Minorities (Hungary and Romania); 
13. Reconstruction and rehabilitation of Bosnia&Herzegovina 
and Croatia (Bosnia&Herzegovina and Croatia); 
14. Science and technology (Italy); 
15. Small and medium sized enterprises (Slovenia); 
16. Tourism (Croatia); 
17. Transport (Italy). 
18. Youth affairs (Macedonia) 
The Earth sciences and, in particular geodesy, are represented 
in the Working Group "Science and Technology." The 
programme of the Working Group on Science and 
Technology (WGST) includes presently nine endorsed