401 
In the succeeding project phase, forest 
mapping was extended to the map sheets 
1:200 000 of Nuremberg and Augsburg, 
using similar methods as for the Regens 
burg map. These sites also show a 
diversified geological structure and 
forest composition. The largest growth 
district in the Nuremberg map sheet is 
the 'Southern Franconian Declinity', 
showing alternating sandy and shaly 
soils. Here pine stands and mixed spruce 
and pine stands dominate. In the growth 
district of the 'Tertiary Hills', part 
of the Augsburg map sheet, the spruce is 
the dominating tree species. The 
'Swabian Jura' and the 'Franconian Jura' 
in both sites contain large areas of 
deciduous forest and mixed deciduous/ 
coniferous forest(Fig. l). 
3 METHODS 
3.1 Materials 
A method for forest mapping was 
developed using Thematic Mapper data of 
two seasons. For each season five 
different Landsat TM scenes were 
necessary to cover the three maps: 
. 193/26 of 20 April 1984 and 9 July 
1984 (Regensburg, Nuremberg, Augsburg) 
. 193/25 of 20 April 1984 and 9 July 
1984 (Regensburg) 
. 193/27 of 20 April 1984 and 9 July 
1984 (Augsburg) 
. 194/26 of 3 May 1986 and 3 July 1985 
(Nuremberg, Augsburg) 
. 194/27 of 3 May 1986 and 3 July 1985 
(Augsburg) 
Fig. Is Location of the three map 
sheets 1:200 000 of Regensburg, 
Nuremberg and Augsburg within 
the contours of Bavaria 
The scenes were geometrically rectified 
using control points based on Gauß 
Krueger coordinates. 
Besides the use of satellite data, the 
integration of additional map data 
became necessary. The data input and 
data flow used for forest mapping are 
shown in Fig. 2. 
/ digital 
/ forest 
/^TM-scenes 
/^aerial phntns 
/ map of 
/ general 
terrain 
layer of 
of two 
forest maps 
growth 
top. map 
model 
top. map 
seasons 
districts 
information 
preprocessing, 
geocoding 
I 
J*L 
integration 
of the 
forest layer 
aerial photo inter— 
pretation, ground truth 
stratification 
for 
exposition/ 
inclination 
forest mask 
by 
thresholds 
2 seasons 
selection and 
tracing of 
training areas 
selection of 
control areas 
^ spectral analysis 
integration of 
classification of 
4 
^ 
subareas 
classification of 
complete map sheet 
verification 
r 
_ J 
THEMATIC MAP 
add. map 
information, 
forest admini 
strat. districts, 
forest 
ownerships 
Fig. 2: Data input and data flow for 
large-area forest mapping