Therefore, there can be no direct 
industry membership participation 
on the CES. In the growing global 
change programs in other earth 
observing satellite countries such 
as Japan, Canada, and Europe, there 
are established linkages between 
government organizations and their 
national industries for planning 
and policy implementation. While 
these government-industries 
linkages are in various stages of 
focusing on cooperative global 
change R&D, the mechanisms are in 
place for government-industry 
cooperation to utilize the earth 
observation data and information 
for resource development, global 
change studies and environmental 
management. 
The present U.S. Global Change 
Research Plan has no direct linkage 
to U.S. industry. The lack of 
industry participation in the 
global change studies of the CES is 
it's weakest link. Industry plays 
an important role in man's impact 
on the environment. If government 
conducts global change research 
without the participation or 
cooperation of industry, it will 
further the institutional gap 
between government and industry 
knowledge of global change, in 
particular in the use of earth 
observations for environmental 
study, monitoring, and eventually 
regulatory control. 
Industry is becoming more 
involved with global change 
research. If industry is not able 
to coordinate its R&D with that of 
the CES, then industry's research 
will be construed by the media and 
thence by the public to be self- 
serving and therefore circumspect. 
Both industry and government have 
much to contribute and much to 
benefit from cooperative and 
coordinated global change R&D. 
511 
11 
Establishing a government-industry 
linkage mechanism for cooperative 
global change research and for 
earth observation applications will 
be in the best interests of the 
U.S. Global Change Research 
Program, government, industry, 
academia and the public in general. 
Industry Initiatives 
Industry has long been involved 
in developing environmental 
programs as part of their normal 
business activities. To some 
extent, until recently, industry 
efforts have been related to 
responses to health and 
environmental requirements mandated 
by government regulations and 
monitoring. In recent years, 
however, along with more strident 
environmental movements worldwide, 
industry has begun to organize 
environmental efforts on a broader 
basis. These activities have been 
most notable during the 1980's in 
the chemical industry, particularly 
in the fluorochlorohydrocarbon 
industry with the "ozone hole" 
controversy. Another example has 
been industry efforts to conduct 
research associated with coal 
production, acid rain, and clean 
air legislation through the 
National Acid Precipitation 
Analysis Program (NAHAP). 
These more globally complex 
environmental issues and the 
growing public, political and 
legislative awareness of industry's 
role in environmental impact, 
whether justified or not, has 
taught industry that prudent 
environmental practices are 
becoming critical to economic 
vitality. Industry is increasing 
its levels of corporate investment 
and participation in better 
environmental management But, 
industry is also concerned with