5A-3-2 
distance interval to provide a full coverage of the 
road way and its surroundings. By applying 
photogrammetric triangulation technology, any 
point that appears in both images can be located into 
a global coordinate system. 
Data from the GPS Vision are converted into a 
format directly acceptable for entry into a GIS. 
After the information is analyzed, enginerrs use it 
for construction purpose. The GPSVision is an ideal 
platform for cost-efficient multimedia collection of 
the spatially-referenced digital data that is highly 
accurate, current, homogeneous and consistent. The 
GPSVision system is also not perfect. The current 
GPSVision system covers 20meter range of the each 
side of the road. For most application, this is more 
than enough. But there are some applications, wider 
coverage is required. People may also like to see the 
back ground For that purpose, a new study was 
conducted by combing the terrestrial GPSVision 
image with digital aerial photography. Features 
were collected from the GPSVision image and were 
also used to rectify aerial images. The aerial image 
is then used as background image and also served to 
digital the features far away from road. A typical 
client can accurately measure and inspect the 
infrastructures from images, can simulate the view 
as one drives down the road and can create 
complete vector map with detailed view from the air 
and from the ground. 
This paper will discuss the basic issues of integrating 
of terrestrial images with aerial images. A brief 
description of a mobile mapping system is given, 
followed by feature extraction from images and 
integration with aerial images. Finally, data set is 
presented to demonstrate the applicatiion of 
photogrammetric images in roadway construction. 
2. GPSVision Data Collection System 
The hardware component of the GPSVision mobile 
mapping system consists of three major 
components, a Trimble dual frequency GPS 
receiver, a Litton inertial navigation system and two 
progressive scan CCD cameras (one color and one 
back/white). 
The GPSVision is a very flexible system, many 
different types of GPS receivers or cameras are also 
used depending on the application requirement The 
other important featureof the GPSvision is its 
independence with the moving platform, it is 
portable and can be mounted on different vehicles. 
Fig. 1 shows the GPS receiver, the left camera and 
the INS system which are inside the box. 
Fig 1 This pod contains GPS, INS and the left 
camera of the portable GPSVision system. 
A PC-computer provides the overall control, 
storage, display and operator interaction during the 
data acquisition. It is constructed on a passive back 
plane chassis and mounted in a rugged industrial 
chassis with a single board CPU. The single board 
CPU executes a standard multi-tasking operating 
system The back plane also has an INS interface 
consisting of a SDCC digital interface, Built-In-Test 
(BIT) board, and a timing interface board. In 
addition to the boards, the chassis will also contain a 
solid state or standard storage device and a boot 
device. 
The Built-In-Test Diagnostic System provides 
hardware status of all sub-systems to the operator 
and warns of pending maintenance action or failure 
The BIT consists of a digital I/O, a digital to analog 
converter and an analog to digital converter board 
for monitoring each subsystem 
The GPS unit provides the system computer with 
GPS timing, satellite data and satellite status 
information. The solid state INS provides changes in 
direction and speed data. The GPS time is unique 
and all collected data are correlated on the GPS 
time. Data are stored in a binary format and used in 
post-processing software. 
The vision system consists of two high resolution 
CCD cameras, two digital frame buffers and two 
removable hard disks for image storage. The 
cameras are progressive scan CCD units with auto 
IRIS wide angle lenses. The image capture of stereo 
image pairs is user configurable by distance or time