Dynamic Analysis of Human Motion using Digital Video Camera 
mounted on Video Theodolite 
Tetsuji ANAI*, Hirofumi CHIKATSU* 
* Department of Civil Engineering 
Tokyo Denki University 
Japan. 
E-mail: anai@g.dendai.ac.jp 
Commission V, Working Group IC V/III 
KEY WORDS: Real-time Imaging, Digital Video Camera, Video Theodolite, Sequential Image, Human Motion Analysis 
ABSTRACT 
Generally, dynamic analysis of human motion has been performed using video camera under a condition that camera position and 
rotation are fixed and some markers are fitted on the body. However, in order to understand dynamic analysis of the most natural 
human motion, limitation for the camera and any marker on the body should be removed. Furthermore, digital video camera should 
be utilized from the point of view of the real-time imaging. 
In order to investigate regarding limitation for the camera and real-time imaging in dynamic analysis of human motion, a digital 
video camera was mounted on a motorized video theodolite to acquire digital sequential image and camera rotation parameters in 
real-time while tracking a walking human in this paper. 
1 INTRODUCTION 
2 VIDEO THEODOLITE SYSTEM 
Human motion analysis using photogrammetric techniques 
have received more attention. There are still some issues which 
need to be resolved before human motion analysis may become 
operational. These problems include real-time imaging, 
tracking, camera parameters while tracking, extraction of 
human feature points and so on. 
With this objective, the authors have been concentrating on 
developing a video theodolite system, and the effectiveness of 
the video theodolite system for dynamic analysis of human 
motion has been demonstrated [Chikatsu and Murai,1995, 
Chikatsu and et al.,1996, Nakano and et al, 1998]. 
Furthermore, a digital video camera system for human motion 
analysis has been developed, and the remarkable features of the 
digital video camera system has been also reported by the 
authors [Anai and et al, 1998]. 
However, for the further development of these system in 
dynamic analysis of human motion, the video theodolite and 
the digital video camera system should be combined so that 
digital sequential image and the camera rotation parameters can 
be acquired in real-time while tracking a walking human. For 
this goal, the video theodolite and the digital video system 
were combined in this paper, i.e, a digital video was mounted 
on a motorized video theodolite. 
This paper describes a application of the video theodolite 
system and video camera system for dynamic analysis of human 
motion. 
The video theodolite system developed by the authors consist 
of a CCD camera, a theodolite and a video recorder where the 
camera rotation parameters can be acquired in real-time while 
tracking a moving object. The current values of the rotation 
angles (zenith and horizontal) and distance are continuously 
superimposed on the image frames. Figure 1 shows the 
motorized video theodolite. CCD 1, the upper one in the Figure 
1 is used for precise pointing the target through the monitor, 
and CCD 2, the lower one is used as a finder. The details for 
these cameras are shown in Table 1. 
Figure 1 Motorized Video Theodolite 
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