Full text: Proceedings International Workshop on Mobile Mapping Technology

GPS time (s) 
Figure 2 3D coordinate difference between OTF and conventional method 
GPS time (s) 
Figure 3 Kinematic figuration closure from OTF 
ambiguities can be added to double difference 
carrier phase observations, then the 3D position 
and velocity of the airborne GPS antenna can be 
computed by using the sequential estimate 
formula (4)~(11) or simply using least square 
adjustment. 
3 PRACTICE OF OTF AMBIGUITY 
RESOLUTION 
GPS photogrammetry practices were performed 
in Beijing urban area in May 16, 21 and 22, 
1996 respectivly. The photogrammetric area is 
about 1500knr (50km*30km). The airborne 
Wild RC20 camera was used to take 
photographs with the focal length of 305mm and 
the image scale of 1:8000 at the altitude of 
2500m. Three Trimble 4000SSE receivers were 
used to execute DGPS survey, one was onboard 
the airplane and the other two were setup on 
ground reference stations (BAS1 in airport, 
BAS2 in the center of photogrammetric area). 
The sampling rate of GPS receiver was 1 second. 
Half hour static initialization was taken before 
the airplane took off. GPS data for 17 flightstrips 
in May 21 were processed using the above OTF 
method Widelane observations were used in 
data processing. Ratio threshold was set to 2 and 
OVT threshold was set to 10 seconds. OTF 
ambiguity resolution for each flightstrip was 
very successful as shown in Table 2. 
Three test procedures were used to test the 
validity of OTF ambiguity resolution: 
• To compare whether the ambiguities 
resolved by OTF is the same as static 
initialization. 
• To compare whether the kinematic 
baseline computed by OTF is the same as 
conventional method 
• To compute the kinematic figuration 
closure from different reference stations. 
7B-5-5
	        
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