The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. Vol. XXXVII. Part B4. Beijing 2008 
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completed after applying cartographic and topologie correction 
and control on the processed data by the operators. 
The workflow of feature extraction and the time spent in 
workflow steps for any of the 1:25.000 scaled maps with the 
mean difficulty level in the sense of production are depicted in 
Table 1. 
Feature Extraction Steps 
Duration 
(hour) 
Creating stereo models (approximately 9 pieces) 
1 
Feature extraction 
88 
Control and correction of DECM data 
16 
Controlling the extracted and edited data on the 
stereo models 
4 
Format conversion 
1 
Cartographic and topologic editing of extracted 
data 
40 
Total 
150 
Table 1: The workflow and time spent table for 
photogrammetric feature extraction and data editing procedures 
in the 1:25.000 scaled map production. 
As it is seen from Table 1, the revision of a 1:25.000 scaled map 
lasts for approximately 19 days. This period doesn’t include the 
field study after the feature extraction and the cartographic 
works. It can easily be deduced that this process is quite 
expensive for any organization producing maps. The 1:25.000 
scaled map, produced after the workflow given in Table 1 in the 
Figure 1 : The 1:25.000 scaled map produced in the present 
production system. 
3. A NEW 1:25.000 SCALED PHOTOGRAMMETRIC 
MAP PRODUCTION SYSTEM 
In this study, for the aim of reducing the production duration, 
operator interaction and costs, a new production system will be 
introduced as an alternative for the current photogrammetric 
feature extraction system. 
In this proposed system, it is aimed primarily to extract features 
(roads, lakes etc.) that can be extracted semi-automatically from 
orthophoto images via semi-automatic data collection software 
developed and completion by operator of missing point features 
and line features (narrow tracks, hedges etc.) that can not be 
extracted automatically. 
To achieve this aim, DEM was generated from 1:25.000 scaled 
DECM of the same map and this DEM data was modified by 
editing on the stereo models generated from exterior orientation 
parameters determined from bundle block adjustment and 
dry/wet streams were added to DEM after feature extraction as 
breaklines. By using DEM data, orthophoto images with a 
resolution of 1 m. were generated from aerial photographs which 
cover the map sheet. Besides, contour lines at 10 m. intervals 
were generated automatically from the same elevation data and 
auxiliary contour lines were added via editing on stereo models. 
Photogrammetric production process of a 1:25.000 scaled map 
is planned to be completed after combining all data extracted 
automatically, semi-automatically and manually, then checking 
the data by means of topology and cartography and making 
necessary corrections interacted with operator and software. 
Photogrammetric processes and time spent for updating 
1:25.000 scaled map sheet via production/update system that is 
suggested as alternative are shown at Table 2. 
Feature Extraction Steps 
Duration 
(hour) 
Creating stereo models (approximately 9 pieces) 
1 
Making DTM from DECM, Control of the DTM 
data on stereo models and addition of the vertex 
lines. 
8 
Orthophoto image and making mosaic 
4 
Vector data generation with semi-automatic data 
generation software which build on mosaic. 
60 
Control of the generated data and completion of 
missing data. 
4 
Generating contours from DTM automatically, 
controlling contours on stereo models, completion 
of missing data and correction of errors. 
8 
Controlling the extracted and edited features on 
stereo models. 
4 
Format Conversions 
1 
Cartographic and topologic edits of generated 
data. 
24 
Total 
114 
Table.2. Photogrammetric generation and data edit processes of 
a 1:25.000 scaled map revision and process times in available 
workflow. 
As seen on table2, revision of a 1:25.000 scaled map with 
suggested revision system takes approximately 14 work days 
(excluding topographic and cartographic works). 
1:25.000 scaled map produced with suggested production 
system and the process steps listed on Table 2 is shown in 
Figure 2. 
Summary information about semi-automatic data generation 
software which is used in suggested map production method is 
presented below.