The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. Vol. XXXVII. Part B4. Beijing 2008
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commanding dispatch. For system configuration and connected
relation, see Figure 2.
ultrashort
communication
GPS
Control Center
~ J i
t
i
Figure 2. Hardware configuration for forest fire control
commanding and decision making system
Data transmission equipment and computer use RS - 232C
interface, which is formed by data converter, data transmission
ultra-short wave broadcasting station, outdoor high gain
antenna, AC and DC stabilized voltage supply and special
software package and others. It can be realized to contact with
mobile terminal via the high power radio station and FFSK
synchronous data transmission mode.
Mobile terminal adopts an integrative machine of hand-held
GPS positioning and communication to make interphone,
communication control unit and GPS receiver perfectly
combined together, convenient for carrying and operation.
GPS equipment actions in fire control command are mainly
showed in the following several aspects:
1. It is used to conduct march of fire suppression team. What
GPS satellite positioning tracking system accomplishes is a
real-time tracing, whose locating points and march track can
directly be showed in electronic sand map of control center. If
march route of fire suppression troop appears a warp, via
instant show of march track and direction, headquarters can
contact the troop quickly and correct the error in time, thereby
warrant troop to walk on the best route in shortest distance and
rush for fire field in the most short time. It entirely solves the
problem of former troop disorientation in mountain at the same
time. Control center can instantly announce the surrounding
landform, relief and other geo-information in the march route
by interphone to remind the fire fighting crew to tend towards
benefit and avoid harm, which plays an important role for fire
suppression troop in marching, especially for safety of a night
advance team. 2
2. It is used to track and monitor for the fire suppression
development situation. System can carry out a real-time
monitoring in overall process and omnibearing and master time
of start, on route and arrival of fire suppression team at any
moment, convenient for troop to direct and arrange prevention
in time after arrival to avoid to arrange arms out of time and
delay fire suppression opportunity. It can real-time observe
situation of arriving the site of fire suppression team and
completed process of entire fire suppression working so as to
carry out adjustment with different situations in time, thereby
procure an optimal fire suppression effect. By using this system
in reasonableness when in fire field disinterring, it is
convenient for implementation and surveillance of
responsibility. Responsibility section located by this system can
be directly reflected in the control center, so can its disinterring
track, Control center can master the disinterring situation of
each responsibility subgroup and thereby validly avoid a fire
field afterburning because of a non-attendance disinterring.
3. It is used to exactly calculate fire-field area. After mountain
fire is stifled, during arranging corps for guard of fire field, this
system can directly display the formed track of guard process
on electronic sand map of fireproofing control center, by which
it can figure out the fire-field area in the first time and shorten
the calculation time. It substitutes that formerly person
specially assigned was sent to calculate the fire scene area after
fire suppression is terminated, reducing the devotion of
manpower and material resources and indirectly saving the fire
suppression expense. In addition, digitized processing is more
precise than manual calculation, slashing the estimation error.
5. CONCLUSIONS
Via application practice in Jiaohe city of Jilin province, it is
proved that it is a good practice to apply 3S technology to
forest fire control command, possessing merits of saving cost,
quick and high efficiency, science and exactness and others. It
is suggested that it should be popularized in departments of
forestry.
REFERENCE
Zhang Yongsheng, 2000. Remote sensing image information
system, Science Publishing House.
Chen Shupeng and others, 2000. Geographic information
system introduction, Science Publishing House, Beijing.
Wu Lun, Liu Yu, Ma Xiujun, Wei Zhongya, Tian Yuan, 2002.
Method and application of geographic information system
principle, Science Publishing House.
Zhao Changsheng, Che Yanguo and others, 2002. digital city
and 3S technology, Journal of Liaoning Technical University
(Natural Science Edition), 21 (1).
Hanjiayuan forestry Website of Heilongjiang, Daxinganling.
http : //www. hj y. com. cn