The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. Vol. XXXVII. Part B4. Beijing 2008 
1232 
to be inside of the GCP’s/CP’s network, second; the areas 
should have different feature types and a significant height 
difference, lastly; the areas should be reachable with vehicles 
for control operations in field. 
1:5.000 scale was selected for compilation processes because of 
on-going discussions about usage of high resolution space 
imagery in big scale (especially in 1:5.000 or greater scale) map 
productions. The selected 3 regions have height differences 
about 110 m, 250 m and 220 m respectively. 
In mapping researches it is very seldom to see compilation 
assessments in which all features have been detected and 
investigated using detailed layer information. The most 
comprehensive researches in topographic mapping from high 
resolution satellite images are applied by the OEEPE (European 
Organization for Experimental Photogrammetric Research, now 
renamed EuroSDR) using IKONOS imagery and by Ordnance 
Survey (UK) using Quickbird imagery (Holland et al., 2002; 
Holland and Marshall, 2004; Holland et al., 2006). Especially 
in the project applied by the Ordnance Survey, for each of the 
features the requirements for capture were broken down into 
three different levels - high, medium and low. In high level the 
feature must be identifiable and in medium level it would be 
desirable to identify the characteristic of the feature while in 
low level it would be of some minor interest to identify further 
characteristic of the feature. And for each feature type, the 
cartographers recorded whether or not the features could be 
successfully identified from the image (Holland et al., 2006). 
From the other side, in our project, three different experienced 
operators compiled all features on these regions (roads, 
buildings, water features, forests, hedges, communication and 
electricity transmission lines etc.) using mono satellite and 
stereo aerial images for 1:5.000 scaled map productions. In 
compilation processes, the operators have followed all the 
standard procedures applied in General Command of Mapping 
for producing big scale map (Figure 3). 
numbers of features compiled in aerial photographs were more 
than satellite images (Table 5). 
Line 
% 
Polygon 
% 
Point 
% 
Total 
% 
1. Sheet 
Aerial 
Photo 
1894 
100 
541 
100 
2242 
100 
4677 
100 
Ikonos 
776 
41.0 
338 
62.5 
1189 
53.0 
2303 
49.2 
Quickbird 
891 
47.0 
348 
64.3 
1068 
47.6 
2307 
49.3 
2. Sheet 
Aerial 
Photo 
529 
100 
53 
100 
242 
100 
824 
100 
Ikonos 
295 
55.8 
26 
49.1 
186 
76.9 
507 
61.5 
Quickbird 
285 
53.9 
18 
34.0 
111 
45.9 
414 
50.2 
3. Sheet 
Aerial 
Photo 
746 
100 
84 
100 
384 
100 
1214 
100 
Ikonos 
397 
53.2 
77 
91.7 
471 
122.7 
945 
77.8 
Quickbird 
424 
56.8 
61 
72.6 
475 
123.7 
960 
79.1 
Total 
Aerial 
Photo 
3169 
100 
678 
100 
2868 
100 
6715 
100 
Ikonos 
1468 
46.3 
441 
65.0 
1846 
64.4 
3755 
55.9 
Quickbird 
1600 
50.5 
427 
63.0 
1654 
57.7 
3681 
54.8 
Table 5. The number of details compiled on images 
Secondly, the features compiled from different sources have 
been located one on the top of the other and detected the 
differences between operators. 
4.3 Control of Compilations in Field 
It is noted that changes of large features such as those 
associated with building developments and major road 
improvements are often detected using established methods 
(either from local authority planning offices, building 
developers or bespoke change detection service providers) 
(Holland et al., 2006). It is due to the fact that small objects or 
boundaries are unclear and can not be identified properly, some 
other sources of information like cadastral information or field 
survey are used (Alexandrov et al., 2004). Therefore, this study 
has been carried out as control and completion applications in 
field in October 2005 by two personnel. But because of season 
conditions and vehicle capabilities, it was not possible to pass 
over some roads. 
And lastly, the feature layers have been evaluated in detail. In 
compilation processes, 437 features classified in 62 layers have 
been used. So, every feature layer in every sheet has been 
compared aerial photographs (Table 6). 
Figure 3. Compilation of first region by stereo aerial images 
4.2 Comparison of Compilations 
The map productions from different sources (Ikonos, Quickbird 
and aerial images) have been compared within each other and 
the compiled features have been controlled in field. In the 
comparison studies; firstly, the numbers of features in text, line, 
polygon and point layers have been detected, controlled and 
compared by using these software. In this stage, aerial 
photographs have been selected as reference data because the