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The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. Vol. XXXVII. Part B4. Beijing 2008
side overlap 30%. For the rural area of 655.8 sq. km, GSD 20
cm, forward overlap 60%, side overlap 30%.
The pictures are necessary to produce urban maps and
orthophotoplans at 1:1000 scale by digital photogrammetric
workstation PHOTOMOD.
digitized polygons with different types of texture are used. The
most useful using this software is that one can show results in
internet wherever one is. 3D visualization of urban areas
become a common practice nowadays, because of the rapid
development in industry and for that reason the intentions for
the company concerning 3D modeling are to follow the modem
conceptions in this field.
6. 3D VISUALISATION OF A PART
OF CITY OF SOFIA
Three-dimensional (3D) visualization and navigation within
3D-GIS environment in urban areas are expanding rapidly in a
variety of fields recently. 3D modeling and true simulation of
reality offers a flexible interactive system for providing the best
visual interpretation, planning and decision making process. For
special data management and analysis this technology is
becoming more and more efficient. The acquisition of the
models has been a topic of major interest and lots of various
algorithms and softwares were presented in the scientific
conferences in the past years. A challenge for the
photogrammetry department of GIS Sofia was to choose the
proper method and software for acquiring the 3D model of the
City of Sofia. The tested specialized softwares for 3D modeling
and virtual simulation were:
1. GTA, Neubrandenburg, Germany;
2. Geonova, Basel, Switzerland;
3. CiberCity, Zurich, Switzerland;
4. Arc GIS 3D, USA;
5. Geotech’s Terrain Viewing Suite (GTVS), Turkey;
6. Photomodeler, Canada;
7. Aurora, Russia;
8. StrabVR, Austria.
Figure 2. 3D Model of National Assembly
of the Republic of Bulgaria
For realistic visualization from a pedestrian’s viewpoint a large
amount of data is needed. This can be achieved by a terrestrial
images mapped against the building facades. With some of
these softwares the needed results can be obtained but other are
not suitable or are too expensive. We choose the Austrian
software StrabVr. It major benefits are:
1. Attractive visualization and representation;
2. Easy way for implementation and various
functionality;
3. Most of the work has to be made in AutoCAD which
is very comfortable for CAD users;
4. Possibilities to work with all kind of images like:
aerial, satellite and terrestrial;
5. The software can manage with huge number of
buildings which is important for us;
6. The final file can be displayed in *.wrl file in internet.
Figure 1. 3D Model of Central part of Sofia
Figure 3. 3D Model of the Hilton hotel, Sofia
REFERENCES
Digital Globe Inc., 2003. QB Imagery products, Product guide.
Instruction for production and revision of large-scale
topographic maps, (In Bulgarian), 1985. Ministry of regional
development and public works, Main department for geodesy,
cartography and cadastre, Sofia.
Ivanova, K., T. Madzharova, A. Alexandrov, 2003. Possibilities
and limitation of satellite imagery. International symposium
Modem technologies, education and professional practice in the
globalizing word, Sofia.
Katzarsky, I., L. Koleva, 1966. Revision of the large-scale
topographic map in Bulgaria. ISPRS XVIII Congress, Viena.
Intern. Arch, of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Vol.
XXXI, Part B4, Comm. IV.
Petrova, V., K. Ivanova, T. Hristova, A. Alexandrov, 2002.
Review of some digital photogrammetric systems. International
symposium Space information - technologies, acquisition,
processing and effective application, Sofia.
Petrova, V., M. Koeva, 2003. Digital photogrammetry in GIS
SOFIA Ltd. 3rd International PHOTOMOD user conference,
Moscow.
Depending of the specific of the projects as foreground of the
buildings from available data base - satellite images, aerial and
Rossi L., 2003. Satellite high resolution new applications:
QuickBird. EFITA 2003 Conference, Debrecen (Hungary).
