The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. Vol. XXXVII. Part B7. Beijing 2008 
241 
Figure 2 provides the IS classified image with all drill hole 
locations and the topography overlaid. These locations were 
selected based on the surface units they represent. Figure 3 
provides an example of a soil profile (#1) for these six soil 
properties. 
Horizon 
Depth 
(cm) 
Description 
Rhodoxeralf 
A 
0-20 
Low organic matter (0.32 gkg-1), the soil does not 
contain carbonates, the soil is sandy with a low specific 
surface area (69 m 2 g-1), low moisture (0.92 gkg-1), 
iron oxides (0.56 gkg-1), color 10R 4/6 red. 
AB 
20-40 
Low organic matter (0.30 gkg-1), increased soil 
moisture (2 gkg-1), SSA (76 m 2 g-1), iron oxides 
(0.58%); color 10R4/8 red. 
Bt 
40-60 
Elovial horizon; there is an accumulation of clay 
minerals, an increase in SSA (85 m 2 g-1), and increased 
iron oxides (0.5 gkg-1); organic matter (0.29 gkg-1); 
color 1 OR 4/ 8 red. 
B3 
60-80 
Decreased clay minerals, SSA (27 m 2 g-1) and iron 
oxides (0.5 gkg-1), organic carbon (0.29 gkg-1), color 
7.5 YR 6/6 reddish yellow. 
C 
80-100 
Low organic matter (0.27 gkg-1), little content of clay 
minerals, SSA ( 26 m 2 g-1), decreased iron oxides (0.3 
gkg-1), color 7.5 YR 6/6 reddish yellow. 
Hapioxeralf 
A 
0-20 
Rich in organic matter (2 gkg-1); high carbonate 
content (26 gkg-1); soil moisture (3.7 gkg-1); iron 
oxides (1.3 gkg-1), SSA (102 m 2 g-1, color 10YR 6/3 
pale brown. 
AB 
20-40 
A slight decrease in organic matter (1.3 gkg-1), a 
decrease in iron oxides (0.8 gkg-1), агц increase in soil 
moisture (5.2 gkg-1), an increase in clay minerals SSA 
(134 m 2 g-1), the color is the same as the A horizon, 
color 10YR 6/3 pale brown. 
В ca 
40-70 
Accumulation of carbonates (28 gkg-1), low organic 
matter (0.6 gkg-1), soil moisture (4.5 gkg-1), decreased 
clay minerals SSA (72 m 2 g-1) that will make the 
texture more sandy loam, color 10YR 6/3 pale brown. 
C 
70-80 
Low organic matter (0.44 gkg-1), carbonates (24 gkg- 
1), low iron oxides (0.46 gkg-1), decreased soil 
moisture (2.7 gkg-1), the texture is more sandy loam 
SSA (54 m 2 g-1), color 10YR 6/4 light yellowish 
brown.. 
Haploaquept 
A1 
0-20 
Highly rich in organic matter (4 gkg-1), rich in 
carbonates (44 gkg-1), soil moisture (17 gkg-1), SSA 
(54 m 2 g-1), iron oxides (0.6 gkg-1), color 10YR 4/1 
dark gray. 
A3 
20-50 
High carbonates content (61 gkg-1), high organic matter 
(3.1 gkg-1), iron oxides (0.6 gkg-1), SSA (75 m 2 g-1), 
color 10YR 4/1 dark gray. 
В 
50-70 
Increased soil moisture (22 gkg-1), decreased iron 
oxides (0.14 gkg-1), a slight decrease in organic matter 
(1.9 gkg-1), very high carbonate content (71 gkg-1), soil 
moisture (22 gkg-1), SSA (55 m 2 g-1), color 2.5Y 8/4 
pale yellow. 
c 
70-100 
Very high carbonate content (66 gkg-1), high soil 
moisture (25 gkg-1), SSA (46 m 2 g-1), low content of 
iron oxides (0.05 gkg-1), the color is very bright; color 
2.5Y 8/4 pale yellow. 
Chromoxerert 
A 
0-70 
Rich in organic matter (2.5 gkg-1), carbonate content (8 
gr kg-1), high soil moisture (18 g kg-1), iron oxides 
(0.63 g kg-1), the texture is clayey SSA (280 m 2 g-1), 
the color of the soil is dark; color 10YR 4/3 dark 
grayish brown. 
AC 
70-100 
Organic matter (2.1 g kg-1), decreased carbonates (4 g 
kg-1), high soil moisture (21 g kg-1), clay texture SSA 
(310 m 2 g-1), iron oxides (0.86 g kg-1), color 10YR 3/4 
dark yellowish brown. 
Table 2: Optically based soil profile descriptions, as was done 
in the field using 3S-HeD in drills 
As seen, the profile information provides greater 
understanding of the soil profile that can be further used to 
evaluate the soil order. Using the layers of all samples for 
each property enables a spatial overview of the soil profiles in 
vertical layers. Figure 4 provides kriging interpolation profile 
maps for SSA as an example. The SSA was selected because 
it is highly correlated with other soil properties in Israeli soils 
such as hygroscopic moisture, clay content, and water 
retention (Banin and Amiel, 1970). As seen, the SSA property 
changes vertically quite smoothly (as excepted from vertisol), 
providing a spatial view of this property never before obtained. 
Figure 2: The ISO-Data classification of the area using the IS 
reflectance image overlain on the topography image of the area. 
Also given are the drilling point positions 
Figure 3: Profile description of the six soil properties, as 
obtained from the NIRS approach using the POS method 
(a=carbonate -CA, b=organic matter -OM, c= iron oxides-Fed, 
d=specific surface area - SSA, e= hygroscopic water -HIG, f= 
field moisture - FM)