The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. Vol. XXXVII. Part B7. Beijing 2008
4. CONCLUSIONS
In this study, 25 September, 1987, 18 July, 1997 and 28 June,
2007 Landsat Thematic Mapper satellite sensor images of
Istanbul are used to disclose the growth of the city, and urban
heat islands which occurs over the city because of the
urbanization.
Istanbul’s population has doubled in last two decades. The
growth of the city, that is to say urbanization, is shown by the
Landsat satellites images’ classification for urban area.
Increasing of the pavements, structures and dark surfaces, which
mean decreasing of the vegetation and forests, cause to rise of
surface temperature over the city than surrounding area.
Therefore, urban heat islands occur over the city. Urban heat
islands can be detected with meteorological data or satellites
thermal band images. Classification of the thermal channel
images of Istanbul have shown that urban heat islands are
related with the urbanization. Moreover, urban heat islands have
occurred especially in last 20 years in Istanbul.
The relationship with the urbanization and the heat island have
shown by, when the urban boundaries of the Istanbul which are
belong to 1987, 1997 and 2007, are added on thermal
classification of the images.
Voogt JA, Oke TR. 2003. Thermal remote sensing of urban
climates. Remote Sensing of Environment 86(3): 370-384
DIE, 2008. Turkish Statistical Institute.
http://www.die.gov.tr/nufus_sayimi/2000Nufus_Kesin 1 .htm
Voogt, James A. Urban Heat Islands: Hotter Cities. American
Institute of Biological Sciences.
http://www.actionbioscience.org/environment/voogt.html
(January 2008).
Voogt. J.A., Oke. T.R., 2002. Thermal Remote Sensing of
Urban Areas. Remote Sensing of Environment 86 (2003) 370 -
384
Wu, C., Murray, A.T. 2003. Estimating impervious, surface
distribution by spectral mixture analysis. Remote Sensing
Environ. 84, 493-505
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