Systems for data processing, anaylsis and representation

Allam, Mosaad; Plunkett, Gordon

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Persistent identifier:: 1067490280

Title:: Systems for data processing, anaylsis and representation

Sub title:: ISPRS Commission II Symposium : June 6 - 10, Ottawa, Canada

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (XX, 530 Seiten)

Year of publication:: 1994

Place of publication:: Ottawa

Publisher of the original:: The Surveys, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Natural Resources Canada

Identifier (digital):: 1067490280

Illustration:: Illustrationen

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(30,2)

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Erscheinungsdatum des Originals ist aus dem Copyrightjahr ermittelt.

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Editor:: Allam, Mosaad; Plunkett, Gordon

Corporations:: Symposium Systems for Data Processing, Analysis and Representation, 1994, Ottawa; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Instrumentation for Data Reduction and Analysis; Kanada, Surveys, Mapping and Remote Sensing Sector

Adapter:: Symposium Systems for Data Processing, Analysis and Representation, 1994, Ottawa; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Instrumentation for Data Reduction and Analysis; Kanada, Surveys, Mapping and Remote Sensing Sector

Founder of work:: Symposium Systems for Data Processing, Analysis and Representation, 1994, Ottawa; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Instrumentation for Data Reduction and Analysis; Kanada, Surveys, Mapping and Remote Sensing Sector

Other corporate:: Symposium Systems for Data Processing, Analysis and Representation, 1994, Ottawa; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Instrumentation for Data Reduction and Analysis; Kanada, Surveys, Mapping and Remote Sensing Sector

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2019

Document type:: Monograph

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: [Friday, June 10, 1994]

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Chapter

Title:: [Joint ISPRS/GIS '94 Plenary V]

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Chapter

Title:: Delta-X: A Federated Spatial Information Management System Ekow J. Otoo and Adel Mamhikoff

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

1 Introduction Geographic Information Systems (GIS), has be- come and will grow to be a major application area of database management systems that rides on the information super-highway in the future. Essentially, it is a tool for simulating, modelling, analyzing and visualizing geographic features and geophysical phenomenon of the world around us. Its scope of application is unbounded. Typical application areas include: development of elec- tronic maps, geographic encyclopedia, natural re- source exploration and management, emergency dispatching, transportation, utility management, real estate management, city and community de- velopment, environmental protection, etc., [2]. GIS's applications impact all spheres of our daily lives. At the heart of a GIS system is the informa- tion base, i.e., a collection of databases that store the geometric definition of spatial features and objects and their related information relevant to the visualization process. These databases usu- ally are of different classes data. These may be classified by their data types into five principal types: Vector Data: The representation of spatial features by the definitions of their geomet- ric forms as points, lines, polygons, surfaces and solids. Raster Data: A representation of spatial fea- tures as digitized images. This is the typical format for still images, either arial photos or remote sensed images, and video - a conti- neous recorded digitized image of some geo- physical phenomenon. Structured Text: Organized text or at- tributes of spatial data that describe char- acteristics of spatial features. These are de- fined as records with fixed or variable length fields of text, symbols and icons. Free Text: Free formatted text in the form of documents. e.g., treaties, reports, land titles or deeds, etc. Knowledge Base: Recorded facts and derivation rules for logically deducing further facts and making logical inferences. Albeit not every GIS application requires all five classes of data-types, a GIS application nor- mally requires data from two or more of the above classifications. One problem normally encoun- tered in GIS today is that the available data is generally not in the format required by the user. Some processing and restructuring are required before it can be incorporated into the user's ap- plication environment. About seventy percent of the time to develop a GIS application, is de- voted to structuring, organizing and setting up the database. The rest of the time is divided be- tween developing the user interface (about 20%) and the analysis and display (about 10%). The latter activities are aided by the software tools and libraries provided by the GIS software. Naturally, the time and effort spent on refor- matting the data can be reduced if the data is already available in a format that is readily uti- lized. The phrase making data GIS ready has been coined for this effort. This has driven or- ganizations to take seriously, the development of standard exchange formats. Some of the well known initiatives include the development of DI- GEST [9], SAIF [20], and SDTS [22]. One still questions if the efforts being put into the devel- opment of such exchange formats are really justi- fied? Consider an alternative view of the prob- lem of making data GIS ready. We recognize that nearly all GIS software, e.g., ARC/INFO, SPANS, CARIS, MAPINFO, etc., retain spatial data in some proprietary data structure and then manage the related attribute information with a database management system (often, a relational DBMS such as INFO, Oracle, Ingres, etc.). The main reason for maintaining the spatial data in a proprietary format, it is argued, is for perfor- mance efficiency. Given that the spatial data can be maintained as a set of relational tables, it is clear then that the total information within the GIS can still be maintained by a database management system. If for performance reasons, a vendor requires, proprietary format to store the data, this can easily be retrieved from the database and restructured into the vendor spe- cific GIS software environment. Such an internal representation is normally irrelevant to the GIS users. Our main thesis in this paper then is that the problem of data interchange between the GISs is 502 really that c between dat: ternative vie is the motiv: of a Federat: System code The curre velopment is able from ag erational rea zational stru Development different org: to different 1 out of date. data produci tion. For exe selected feat: must purcha that map she his applicatio avoid the cos digital inforn chased once when the dat in which diff vise their dat are very dyn: require them from the aut slow paced ii proliferation digital inforn curacy. Granting t] on the underl some of these providing an a distributed the scope of 1 dressed by a system [3, 4, tem [3, 13. 1 greater propc lems not easi Issues of Le nized thz predates nology. sets are DBMS.

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