XVIIIth Congress: XVIIIth Congress

kraus, karl; waldhäusl, peter

Bibliographic data

Multivolume work

Persistent identifier:: 1667435949

Title:: XVIIIth Congress

Sub title:: Vienna, Austria 1996

Year of publication:: 1996

Place of publication:: Vienna

Publisher of the original:: Austrian Society of Surveying and Geoinformation

Identifier (digital):: 1667435949

Language:: English

Editor:: Kraus, Karl; Waldhäusl, Peter

Corporations:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Adapter:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Founder of work:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Other corporate:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 1667437070

Title:: XVIIIth Congress

Scope:: 230 Seiten

Year of publication:: 1996

Place of publication:: Vienna

Publisher of the original:: Austrian Society of Surveying and Geoinformation

Identifier (digital):: 1667437070

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(31,B1)

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Erscheinungsdatum des Originals ist anhand des Copyrightjahrs ermittelt.

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Editor:: Kraus, Karl; Waldhäusl, Peter

Corporations:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Primary Data Acquisition

Adapter:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Primary Data Acquisition

Founder of work:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Primary Data Acquisition

Other corporate:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Primary Data Acquisition

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2019

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: A CALIBRATION PROCEDURE FOR CCD ARRAY CAMERAS Kerry Mclntosh

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

A CALIBRATION PROCEDURE FOR CCD ARRAY CAMERAS Kerry Mcintosh Department of Civil Engineering and Surveying University of Newcastle Australia Commission |, Working Group 3 KEY WORDS: CCD Cameras, Calibration Method, Close Range ABSTRACT The purpose of the research discussed in this paper is to use the knowledge gained from reviewing existing calibration techniques to develop a versatile calibration procedure to be used for several different types of CCD array cameras. The procedure developed was required to be flexible in order to handle different types of digital cameras, and thorough to provide complete calibration information so the cameras could be used as precise measurement tools. A major component in the calibration procedure was the use of a bundle adjustment to process the observations produced from the measurements of a target plate. The procedure was applied to calibrate four cameras to be used in close-range photogrammetric applications. 1. INTRODUCTION There. are many calibration techniques and methods which have been developed for use in close-range photogrammetric applications (for example: Beyer, 1992, Burner et al., 1990; Curry et al., 1986; Fryer & Fraser, 1986; Lenz, 1987; Michael, 1992; Shortis et al, 1995b; Wong & Obaidat, 1994). All have varying degrees of complexity and suitability to different applications and cameras. This paper describes a camera calibration procedure, including hardware and software, which has been developed specifically to handle a variety of cameras. Several CCD cameras had been acquired by the University of Newcastle's photogrammetric laboratory by 1995, but none of the cameras had been thoroughly calibrated. A procedure was required to allow all the cameras to be thoroughly and easily calibrated, accommodating different image acquisition methods, varying focal lengths and object distances. The camera calibration procedure which was developed was based on a rigorous bundle adjustment incorporating a comprehensive set of calibration parameters appropriate to CCD cameras. The calibration parameters which were determined included lens distortions (radial and decentering), the offsets of the principal point and coefficients which represent any shear effects in the CCD array and the tilt of the CCD array around its X and Y axes. The radiometric characteristics of the cameras were also investigated and were corrected where necessary. A target plate was manufactured and coordinated so each target had accurately known coordinates. The targets were made from retro-reflective material to provide the best contrast to the black background of the target plate. Images of the target plates were acquired with each camera and observations to the targets were made using a PC-based program. The image coordinates of the centre of each target were determined in the program by centroiding. The observations were processed using a least-squares bundle adjustment. The parameters for decentering distortion were determined prior to the bundle adjustment by the plumbline method of lens calibration (See Fryer & Brown, 1986, and Shortis, 1995a). The decentering distortion parameters are highly correlated to the offsets of the principal point and were constrained accordingly in the bundle adjustment to allow the offsets of the principal point to be determined. 2. CAMERAS The cameras included two digital still cameras and two analog video cameras. The digital still cameras were from different companies (Logitech & Apple) although Table 1 below indicates their characteristics were almost identical. It has been noted that the Kodak DC-40 is also very similar to these cameras. However, they have different image storage capacities and techniques. The two video cameras (both Philips) are used in conjunction with a PC-VisionPlus frame grabber and are usually used as a stereo pair, but for this research, they were calibrated individually. Camera Type Pixel Array Size Array Size Size (pm) (pixels) (mm) Apple Quicktake Digital still 9x9 768 x 512 6.9 x 4.6 Logitech Fotoman Digital still 9x9 768 x 512 6.9 x 4.6 Left Philips ** Analog video 9.9 x 7.6 604 x 588 6.0x4.5 Right Philips ** Analog video 9.9 x 7.6 604 x 588 6.0 x 4.5 **Frame Grabber Used with 11.6 x 7.6 512 x 512 both Philips Table 1. Camera Specifications. International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXI, Part B1. Vienna 1996 3.1 The calit dec: pare of th geo 3.1. is m of th 198 whe bunt insit vide whe offs 5g bun: 3.1. dist Bro AX Ay whe the diste dist It is Figu easi calik bunt of th 3.1. chai aligı the chaı and dec: valu the | of th

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