XVIIIth Congress: XVIIIth Congress

Kraus, Karl; Waldhäusl, Peter

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Multivolume work

Persistent identifier:: 1667435949

Title:: XVIIIth Congress

Sub title:: Vienna, Austria 1996

Year of publication:: 1996

Place of publication:: Vienna

Publisher of the original:: Austrian Society of Surveying and Geoinformation

Identifier (digital):: 1667435949

Language:: English

Editor:: Kraus, Karl; Waldhäusl, Peter

Corporations:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Adapter:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Founder of work:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Other corporate:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 1667438379

Title:: XVIIIth Congress

Scope:: 449 Seiten

Year of publication:: 1996

Place of publication:: Vienna

Publisher of the original:: Austrian Society of Surveying and Geoinformation

Identifier (digital):: 1667438379

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(31,B2)

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Erscheinungsdatum des Originals ist anhand des Copyrightjahrs ermittelt.

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Editor:: Kraus, Karl; Waldhäusl, Peter

Corporations:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Instrumentation for Data Reduction and Analysis

Adapter:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Instrumentation for Data Reduction and Analysis

Founder of work:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Instrumentation for Data Reduction and Analysis

Other corporate:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Instrumentation for Data Reduction and Analysis

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2019

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: IMAGE NAVIGATION FOR EMERGENCY RESPONSE (INFER) Loey Knapp, Senior Systems Analyst, [...] John Turek, Research Staff Member, [...] Patricia Andrews, Project Leader, [...] Christopher Elvidge, [...]

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

FRERE EE PSE SAN RS Bee! TT IMAGE NAVIGATION FOR EMERGENCY RESPONSE (INFER) Loey Knapp, Senior Systems Analyst, IBM, U.S.A. John Turek, Research Staff Member, IBM, U.S.A. Patricia Andrews, Project Leader, U.S. Forest Service, U.S.A. Christopher Elvidge, NOAA Commission II, Working Group 3 KEY WORDS: Developing Countries, Environment, Forestry, Archiving, Navigation, Technology ABSTRACT The technology for collection of data through satellite imagery has made rapid strides over the past decade and projections for the size of image data archives in the next decade are overwhelming. The technology to translate these images into information that is usable, easy to access, and timely has lagged that of collection, resulting in a data processing and distribution bottleneck. This paper addresses developments in the provision of image data over the Internet and associated compression, image search, and user interface technol- ogy, all aspects of the process to translate data into useful information. Application to emergency management in general, and wild- land fire in specific, is discussed. INTRODUCTION Efficient prediction, detection, and response to emergency situa- tions such as wildland fires requires a substantial database from which to draw essential information, for example vegetation coverage and fuel type, adjacent structures and urban areas, and evacuation or attack crew transportation corridors. Assessment of fire potential is enhanced by accurate information on seasonal dryness and change in forest composition. For effective planning and communication this information must be up to date and accessible to a wide range of users. To be useful on a global scale, additional issues arise such as access time, cost, and cross- country applicability. Spacecraft imagery has long held the promise of global data acquisition; by providing up to date global coverage this data should provide an effective means for augmenting the informa- tion available through other databases. The large volumes of data and the physical volume ofthe data which is currently being collected from a multitude of platforms is already enormous and projected to grow ten- fold in the next five years. For example, the instruments on the first two Earth Observing System (EOS) platforms expected to be launched in 1998 and 2000 will gener- ate data at a rate of over 281 GB/day with most of this data tak- ing a form that can be represented as digital imagery. To date the image analysis process has proved to be a bottleneck with the result that the amount and quality of information extracted from this data has not fully met expectations. The challenge is to pro- vide solutions in the areas of data analysis, storage, retrieval and dissemination that will help alleviate this problem. This paper describes the research taking place under the Image Navigation for Emergency Response (INFER) project to address these issues. INFER, a subproject under the G7 Global Emer- gency Management Information Network Initiative (GEMINI) is a collaborative research effort comprising IBM, the USDA For- est Service Research, and the Canadian Forest Service Research. The purpose of the INFER project is to apply new techniques in signal processing, visualization and data management to con- struct an environment for interactive navigation and exploration of large spacecraft image data sets over a network and within the specific domain of wildland fire mapping and response. The INFER research is addressing the need to build an infra- structure that can effectively support search, storage, retrieval, and transmission of non-traditional data, e.g. images. Unlike conventional text-based digital libraries and databases, search of image libraries cannot be realized simply through the search of text annotations, or metadata. This is because image data is extremely rich in detail and it would be difficult to provide for automatic annotation of each image without human intervention. The INFER team is exploring mechanisms for extracting mean- ingful information from images through content-based search. Important components of this work include: 1) the implementa- tion of a variety of content-based search algorithms, e.g. texture and shape; 2) application of these algorithms to compressed data, and 3) data access and dissemination over the Internet. While this technology may eventually have value in many prob- lem domains, the INFER project will focus on the development of the content-based search techniques towards the identification and mapping of wildland fires. TECHNOLOGY Content-based Search The typical search approach to a large image archive is through the metadata. The flexibility of the search depends on the extent of the metadata but common search keys are latitude/longitude, date, and path/row. Metadata information can be extensive but it must be created a priori to the search. Thus searches based on metadata keys work well if the ways in which users want to explore the data have been anticipated. However, there is little room for ambiguity and the desire to limit storage of metadata may radically limit search alternatives. 192 International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXI, Part B2. Vienna 1996 Oui sea; the too! rith acte per tion are For arcl new cate hav unli of ti Suc An com rithi shay sive agg As libre ann it is witk of w are 1 will The inge extr: the i sear Extr extr: inde imag feat ture the i feat for e only ori ( store not t ture: toda

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