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XVIIIth Congress (Part B3)

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fullscreen: XVIIIth Congress (Part B3)

Multivolume work

Persistent identifier:: 1667435949

Title:: XVIIIth Congress

Sub title:: Vienna, Austria 1996

Year of publication:: 1996

Place of publication:: Vienna

Publisher of the original:: Austrian Society of Surveying and Geoinformation

Identifier (digital):: 1667435949

Language:: English

Editor:: Kraus, Karl; Waldhäusl, Peter

Corporations:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Adapter:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Founder of work:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Other corporate:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 1667440764

Title:: XVIIIth Congress

Scope:: 1050 Seiten

Year of publication:: 1996

Place of publication:: Vienna

Publisher of the original:: Austrian Society of Surveying and Geoinformation

Identifier (digital):: 1667440764

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(31,B3)

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Erscheinungsdatum des Originals ist anhand des Copyrightjahrs ermittelt.

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Editor:: Kraus, Karl; Waldhäusl, Peter

Corporations:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Mathematical Analysis of Data

Adapter:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Mathematical Analysis of Data

Founder of work:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Mathematical Analysis of Data

Other corporate:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Mathematical Analysis of Data

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2019

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: Satellite Image Analysis using Integrated Knowledge Processing K.-J. Schilling and T. Vögtle

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

XVIIIth Congress
XVIIIth Congress (Part B3)
Cover
Title page
ISPRS Council 1992 - 1996
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (IAPRS)
Volume XXXI, Part B3
Technical Commission III Theory and Algorithms
Editorial Team
Copyright 1996
For Sale after the Congress
ISPRS Commission III "Theory and Algorithms"
PREFACE
Table of Contents
Using Homogeneous Coordinates to Solve The Problems of Determining The Orientation Parameters of Non-Metric Cameras and The Reconstruction of Space Models Mohammed El-Shafei Abdel-Latif and Ahmed M. Elsonbaty
SCALE DIFFERENCE CONSIDERATIONS IN CONJUGATE FEATURE MATCHING Anthony Stefanidis, Peggy Agouris
FROM MANUAL TO AUTOMATIC STEREOPLOTTING: EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT ROAD NETWORK CAPTURE PROCESSES Sylvain AIRAULT, Olivier JAMET, Frédéric LEYMARIE
GEOMETRIC CORRECTION OF AIRBORNE LINE-SCANNER IMAGERY Michael Breuer and Jörg Albertz
COMPRESSION OF REMOTELY SENSED DATA USING JPEG Dafer Ali Algarni
Automatic stereo image matching using edge detection technique Dr. Rehab H. Alwan,Mr. Mohamed A. Naji
DEM Estimation with Simulated Annealing Based on Surface Reconstruction Method Kohei Arai
OUTLIER DETECTION IN RELATIVE ORIENTATION - REMOVING OR ADDING OBSERVATIONS Peter Axelsson
THEMATIC CLASSIFICATION OF A LANDSAT IMAGE USING NEURAL NETWORKS Árpád BARSI
UPDATE OF ROADS IN GIS FROM AERIAL IMAGERY: VERIFICATION AND MULTI-RESOLUTION EXTRACTION A. Baumgartner, C. Steger, C. Wiedemann, H. Mayer, W. Eckstein, H. Ebner
A HIERARCHICAL SPATIAL CANONICAL DATA MODEL - TOWARDS FEDERATING HETEROGENEOUS GISs Yaser A. Bishr, M.Sc. [...]
Detection and extraction of complex map symbols Ruedi Boesch
GENERATION AND USE OF DIGITAL SURFACE MODELS FOR VOLUME OBJECTS Frank Boochs and Guido Heinz
ON CRITICAL CONFIGURATIONS OF PROJECTIVE STEREO CORRELATION Gerhard Brandstätter
RECOGNITION OF HATCHED CARTOGRAPHIC PATTERNS Regine Brügelmann
A COMMON FRAMEWORK FOR THE EXTRACTION OF LINES AND EDGES Andreas Busch
A THINKING COMING AFTER A DYNAMIC MONITORY GIS Hong-Jing Chen, [...] Wen-Li Chen, [...]
SPATIAL RELATIONS BETWEEN SETS Xiaoyong CHEN
SPATIAL RELATIONS BETWEEN UNCERTAIN SETS Xiaoyong CHEN, Takeshi DOIHARA and Mitsuru NASU
RELATIONAL MATCHING FOR AUTOMATIC ORIENTATION Woosug Cho
IMAGE CLASSIFICATION USING NON-PARAMETRIC CLASSIFIERS AND CONTEXTUAL INFORMATION F. J. Cortijo and N. Perez de la Blanca
EXTERIOR ORIENTATION BY DIRECT MEASUREMENT OF CAMERA POSITION AND ATTITUDE J. Skaloud, M. Cramer and K. P. Schwarz
RELATIONAL MATCHING APPLIED TO AUTOMATIC EXTRACTION OF GROUND CONTROL IN DIGITAL IMAGES Aluir Porfirio Dal Poz [...] Antonio Maria Garcia Tommaselli [...] Jorge Pimentel Cintra [...]
A NEW APPROACH FOR SPATIAL MEASUREMENT OF DYNAMICAL PROCESSES Lionel Dorffner
AUTOMATIC REGISTRATION OF IMAGES WITH MAPS USING POLYGONAL FEATURES I J Dowman, A Morgado and V Vohra
AUTOMATIC EXTERIOR ORIENTATION OF AERIAL IMAGES IN URBAN ENVIRONMENTS C. Drewniok, K. Rohr
GPS CONTROLLED STRIP TRIANGULATION USING GEOMETRIC CONSTRAINTS OF MAN-MADE STRUCTURES H. Ebadi and M. A. Chapman
ORIENTATION OF MOMS-02/D2 AND MOMS-2P IMAGERY H. Ebner, T. Ohlhof, E. Putz
SEGMENTATION AND TEXTURE ANALYSIS W. Eckstein
A FRAMEWORK FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF LOCAL SPATIAL UNCERTAINTY USING A POLYGON APPROACH R. C. Allan & G. P. Ellis
VARIANCE DECOMPOSITION AND ITS APPLICATION IN PHOTOGRAMMETRY Mohamed ETTARID, Ph.D.
PRESERVING TOPOGRAPHY IN 3D DATA COMPRESSION FOR SHAPE RECOGNITION Reda Ezzat Fayek
PROMPT - A NEW BUNDLE ADJUSTMENT PROGRAM USING COMBINED PARAMETER ESTIMATION Manfred Fellbaum
IMAGE ORIENTATION EXCLUSIVELY BASED ON FREE-FORM TIE CURVES Gerald Forkert
USING PERCEPTUAL GROUPING FOR ROAD RECOGNITION G. Forlani, E. Malinverni, C. Nardinocchi
EXTERIOR ORIENTATION DETERMINATION OF MOMS-02 THREE-LINE IMAGERY: EXPERIENCES WITH THE AUSTRALIAN TESTFIELD DATA Clive Fraser and Juliang Shao
THREE-DIMENSIONAL GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS - STATUS AND PROSPECTS Dieter Fritsch
MODEL-BASED OPTIMIZATION: ACCURATE AND CONSISTENT SITE MODELING P. Fua
SIGNIFICANCE-WEIGHTED FEATURE EXTRACTION FROM HYPER-DIMENSIONAL DATA AND ITS APPLICATIONS Sadao Fujimura and Senya Kiyasu
COMPUTER UNDERSTANDING OF SUB-PIXEL LAND COVERS Jayanta Kumar Ghosh.
THE TOGRAPHY OF ASTEROID IDA: A COMPARISON BETWEEN PHOTOGRAMMETRIC AND TWO-DIMENSIONAL PHOTOCLINOMETRIC IMAGE ANALYSIS B. Giese, J. Oberst, R. Kirk, and W. Zeitler
Multi-spectral Quadtree based Image Segmentation Ben G. H. Gorte
FUSION OF 2D GIS DATA AND AERIAL IMAGES FOR 3D BUILDING RECONSTRUCTION Marko Pasko, Michael Gruber
REQUIREMENTS FOR PHOTOREALISTIC 3D MODELLING OF URBAN AREAS Michael Gruber, Franz Leberl and Markus Maresch
Linear feature extraction with LSB-Snakes from multiple images Armin Gruen, Haihong Li
THREE-DIMENSIONAL REPRESENTATION OF SPATIAL OBJECT AND TOPOLOGICAL RELATIONSHIPS Wei GUO
DEFORMABLE MODELS AS A PHOTOGRAMMETRIC MEASUREMENT TOOL - POTENTIAL AND PROBLEMS Eberhard Gülch
FUSION OF 2D-GIS AND IMAGE DATA FOR 3D BUILDING RECONSTRUCTION Norbert Haala and Karl-Heinrich Anders
SEMI-AUTOMATIC MEASUREMENT OF SIGNALIZED GROUND CONTROL POINTS AT DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRIC WORKSTATIONS Michael Hahn, Michael Kiefner, Antje Quednau and Esther Hinz
AUTOMATION OF INTERIOR, RELATIVE AND ABSOLUTE ORIENTATION Christian Heipke
Detection of Lines in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Scenes Olaf Hellwich, Helmut Mayer and Gerhard Winkler
PROJECT AMOBE: STRATEGIES, CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE WORK Olof Henricsson, Frank Bignone, Wolfram Willuhn, Frank Ade, Olaf Kübler, Emmanuel Baltsavias, Scott Mason, Armin Grün
ORTHO-MOSAICS AND DIGITAL ELEVATION MODELS FROM AIRBORNE VIDEO IMAGERY USING PARALLEL GLOBAL OBJECT RECONSTRUCTION Mikael Holm, George Denissoff, Kaj Juslin, Matti Paljakka, Markku Rantasuo, Susanna Rautakorpi
AUTOMATIC TIE POINT EXTRACTION IN AERIAL TRIANGULATION Eija Honkavaara and Anton Hogholen
ON THE TECHNIQUE FOR TERRAIN ROUGHNESS DETERMINATION lon Ionescu
OEEPE RESEARCH PROJECT AEROTRIANGULATION USING DIGITIZED IMAGES FINAL RESULTS Juha Jaakkola and Tapani Sarjakoski
A New Approach of Combined Block Adjustment Using GPS-Satellite Constellation Jacobsen, Karsten, [...] Schmitz, Martin, [...]
SEGMENTATION OF REMOTE SENSING IMAGES WITH A LAYERED GRAPH NETWORK Herbert Jahn
EXTRACTION AUTOMATIQUE D’OBJETS SUR STATIONS PHOTOGRAMMETRIQUES NUMERIQUES (Automated Feature Extraction on Digital Photogrammetric Systems) Olivier JAMET
AIRBORNE GPS K. Jeyapalan
Capture and evaluation of airborne laser scanner data Johannes Kilian, Norbert Haala and Markus Englich
SHAPE DISCRIMINATION BY DESCRIPTORS AND MOMENTS USING NEURAL NETWORK Kyoung-Ok Kim, Young-Kyu Yang, Yong-Hui Park, Tae-Kyun Kim
Advanced Combined Bundle Block Adjustment with Kinematic GPS Data Dr. Erwin Kruck [...] & dr. Gerhard Wübbena, Andreas Bagge [...]
DO IT ON THE GROUND: INCREASING RELIABILITY AND ACCURACY OF AUTOMATIC AEROTRIANGULATION BY MATCHING IN THE OBJECT SPACE Amnon Krupnik
An Integral Approach to Automatic Aerial Triangulation and Automatic DEM Generation Krzystek P., Heuchel T., Hirt U., Petran, F.
3D-CITY MODELING WITH A DIGITAL ONE-EYE STEREO SYSTEM Felicitas Lang, Wolfgang Förstner
SURFACE RECONSTRUCTION F. Leberl, M. Gruber, W. Kellerer-Pirklbauer, A. Pinz, P. Uray
SYSTEMATIC CORRECTION MECHANISM OF GEOMETRIC DISTORTIONS IN THE KITSAT-1 CCD EARTH IMAGES Impyeong Lee [...], Taejung Kim [...], Soon D. Choi [...]
A SURVEY ON BOUNDARY DELINEATION METHODS Mathias J. P. M. Lemmens
Relational Structure Description and Matching Algorithm for 3D Objects Deren Li [...] Xinhua Wang [...]
OPTIMAL ACQUISITION OF 3D OBJECT COORDINATES FROM STEREOSCOPIC IMAGE SEQUENCES Rongxing Li, Mike A. Chapman, and Weihong Zou
TRANSFORMATION OF SPATIAL REPRESENTATION IN SCALE DIMENSION: A NEW PARADIGM FOR DIGITAL GENERALIZATION OF SPATIAL DATA Dr. Zhilin Li
GIS FOR THE NEXT CENTURY Ales Limpouch
APPLICATION OF RANDOM DECISION RULES IN LASER LOCATOR IMAGE OPTIMAL SEGMENTATION ALGORITHMS V. M. Lisitsyn. N. N. Pasechny. V. A. Stefanov, V. P. Samoilov, D. A. Lukanidin
THE POSITION AND ORIENTATION SYSTEM (POS) FOR SURVEY APPLICATIONS Erik Lithopoulos, Dr. Blake Reid, Dr. Bruno Scherzinger
LINEAR FEATURES EXTRACTION BY STRING MATCHING FOR AUTOMATIC DEM GENERATION King-Chang Lo
TOWARDS A HIGHER LEVEL OF AUTOMATION FOR SoftPlotter™ Yan Lue, Senior Photogrammetric Engineer
Automatic DEM generation by multi-image feature based matching Hans-Gerd Maas
DIGITAL AERIAL TRIANGULATION - THE OPERATIONAL COMPARISON Mostafa Madani, Ph.D.
PROCESSING OF PROTRUDING OBJECTS IN DIGITAL IMAGES OF URBAN AREAS Borislav D. Marinov
EQUIVALENT MAPS FOR AREAL ELEMENTS OF ENVIRONMENT? Zbynek MARSIK, Prof. Ing. DrSc
THE USE OF GRAVITY FOR GIS DATA SETS OPTIMIZATION. I. A. Maslov. [...]
3D BUILDING RECONSTRUCTION USING COMPOSITES OF SURFACE PRIMITIVES: CONCEPT Scott Mason
ABSTRACTION AND SCALE-SPACE EVENTS IN IMAGE UNDERSTANDING Helmut Mayer
BUNDLE ADJUSTMENT WITH GEOMETRIC CONSTRAINTS FOR HYPOTHESIS EVALUATION Chris McGlone
FEATURE-BASED PHOTOGRAMMETRIC AND INVARIANCE TECHNIQUES FOR OBJECT RECONSTRUCTION H. F. Barakat, K. Weerawong, and Edward M. Mikhail, [...]
MULTI-SCALE APPROACHES FOR GEODATA Martien Molenaar
ACCURACY IMPROVEMENT IN AUTOMATED SURFACE MEASUREMENT Mushairry Mustaffar
CONJUGATE POINTS IN THE ORIENTATION OF ACROSS AND ALONG TRACK STEREOMODELS FRANCELINA A. NETO
MATCHING IN 2-D AND 3-D R. Nevatia
Recovering Unknown Focal Lengths in Self-Calibration: An Essentially Linear Algorithm and Degenerate Configurations G. N. Newsam, D. Q. Huynh, M. J. Brooks, H.-P. Pan
ORTHOGONAL 3-D RECONSTRUCTION USING VIDEO IMAGES Ilkka Niini
The Leica system for orientation of linear array sensor imagery Azubuike G. Nwosu and Alfons Meid
EXPERIENCES WITH THE HELAVA AUTOMATED TRIANGULATION SYSTEM Thomas Kersten, William O’ Sullivan
LOCAL, REGIONAL AND GLOBAL POINT DETERMINATION USING THREE-LINE IMAGERY AND ORBITAL CONSTRAINTS Timm Ohlhof
Orientation and Free Network Theory of Satellite CCD Line-Scanner Imagery Atsushi Okamoto, [...] Susumu Hattori, [...] Hiroyuki Hasegawa, [...] Tetsu Ono, [...]
Fundamental Analytic of Satellite CCD Camera Imagery Using Affine Transformation Tetsu Ono, [...] Atsushi Okamoto, [...] Susumu Hattori, [...] Hiroyuki Hasegawa, [...]
SURFACE BASED OBJECT RECOGNITION AND INSPECTION BY PHOTOMETRICALLY EXTENDED BUNDLE ADJUSTMENT TECHNIQUE A. B ORUN, Researcher [...] Prof. Dr. A. ALKIS [...]
UNIFORM FULL-INFORMATION IMAGE MATCHING USING COMPLEX CONJUGATE WAVELET PYRAMIDS He-Ping Pan
Basis of the Orthoimage Generation Method Zygmunt Paszotta, Renata Jedryczka
AUTOMATED MEASUREMENT OF GROUND CONTROL OBJECTS IN LARGE SCALE AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS Bjarke Moller Pedersen
Surface Models on the Basis of a Triangular Mesh - Surface Reconstruction Norbert Pfeifer [...] Helmut Pottmann [...]
DTM REFINEMENT USING MULTI IMAGE SHAPE FROM SHADING C. Piechullek, C. Heipke
CURVE SHAPE MATCHING AND DIFFERENCE DETECTION Jarmo Pirhonen
Rectangular Building 3D Reconstruction in Urban Zones Thierry QUIGUER
COLOUR AERIAL IMAGE SEGMENTATION USING A BAYESIAN HOMOGENEITY PREDICATE AND MAP KNOWLEDGE F. Quint, S. Landes
EVALUATING MODEL FIDELITY IN AN AERIAL IMAGE ANALYSIS SYSTEM F. Quint, M. Sties
CONTROLLING AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY FROM TOPGRAPHIC MAPPING USING A MULTI-SENSOR BUNDLE ADJUSTMENT Michael Reading, James Carswell, Phil Kern, [...]
MAP SYMBOL RECOGNITION USING DIRECTED HAUSDORFF DISTANCE AND A NEURAL NETWORK CLASSIFIER Eric Reiher, Fady Said, Ying Li, and Ching Suen
STEREO PROCESSING WITH ATTITUDE-DISTURBED IMAGE DATA Anko Börner, Ralf Reulke, Martin Scheele, Thomas Terzibaschian
THREE DIMENSIONAL OBJECT RECONSTRUCTION BY OBJECT SPACE MATCHING Franz Rottensteiner
AUTOMATIC DIGITAL TERRAIN MODEL GENERATION USING AERIAL IMAGES AND MAPS. Michel Roux, Jaime Lopez-Krahe, Henri Maître
AN IMAGE MATCHING SCHEME USING A HYBRID FEATURE- AND AREA BASED APPROACH Nick van der Merwe and Heinz Rüther
SEMANTIC MODELS AND OBJECT RECOGNITION IN COMPUTER VISION G. Sagerer, F. Kummert, G. Socher
LEAST SQUARES MATCHING BY SEARCH Tapani Sarjakoski and Jussi Lammi
ON THE USE OF MODERN GPS RECEIVER AND SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY FOR PHOTOGRAMMETRIC APPLICATIONS Holger Schade
DIGITAL AERIAL TRIANGULATION Toni Schenk
THE AUTOMATIC INTERIOR ORIENTATION AND ITS DAILY USE Wolfgang Schickler, Zoltan Poth
Satellite Image Analysis using Integrated Knowledge Processing K.-J. Schilling and T. Vögtle
HIGH RESOLUTION SURFACE RECONSTRUCTION OF A LANDSCAPE FROM LARGE SCALE AERIAL IMAGERY BY FACETS STEREO VISION - AN EXTENDED TEST M. Schlüter and B. P. Wrobel
REMOTE SENSING IMAGE UNDERSTANDING BASED ON PHYSICAL MODEL INVERSION Werner Schneider
RESULTS OF THE TEST ON IMAGE UNDERSTANDING OF ISPRS WORKING GROUP III/3 Monika Sester, Werner Schneider and Dieter Fritsch
KINEMATIC MULTI-SENSOR SYSTEMS FOR CLOSE RANGE DIGITAL IMAGING K. P. Schwarz and N. El-Sheimy
OBJECT RECONSTRUCTION WITHOUT INTERIOR ORIENTATION J. Shan
TERRAIN MORPHOLOGY MODELLING Massoud Sharif, Alfred Zinck
SCANNER RESECTION USING TRAJECTORY DATA Fergal Shevlin
SPATIO-TEMPORAL INTERPOLATION OF CLASS VARIABLES BY INTEGRATING OBSERVATIONAL DATA AND A BEHAVIORAL MODEL WITH GENETIC ALGORITHM(GA) Shaobo HUANG and Ryosuke SHIBASAKI
ADAPTIVE RECONSTRUCTION METHOD OF MULTISPECTRAL IMAGES Michal Haindl [...] Stanislava Simberová [...]
ADVANCES IN GPS-ASSISTED HELICOPTER PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND ITS APPLICATION TO HIGH PRECISION HIGHWAY PROFILING Martin J Smith and Chris I H Joy
EXTRACTING LINES USING DIFFERENTIAL GEOMETRY AND GAUSSIAN SMOOTHING Carsten Steger
SEGMENTATION OF OPTICAL SATELLITE IMAGERY USING SPATIAL SUBPIXEL ANALYSIS Joachim Steinwendner
STRUCTURAL 3D-ANALYSIS OF URBAN SCENES FROM AERIAL IMAGES U. Stilla, K. Jurkiewicz
A NEW METHOD OF BUILDING GIS APPLICATION MODEL BASED ON GRAPHICAL VARIABLES Zhu Zesheng, Sun Ling
AUTOMATIC RELATIVE ORIENTATION - REALIZATION AND OPERATIONAL TESTS Liang Tang and Zoltan Poth [...] Timm Ohlhof, Christian Heipke and Joachim Batscheider [...]
COUPLING GIS AND ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING: THE IMPLICATIONS FOR SPATIO-TEMPORAL DATA MODELLING Cheng Tao, Wolfgang Kainz, Robert A. van Zuidam
AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO ROAD CENTERLINE RECONSTRUCTION USING STEREO IMAGE SEQUENCES FROM A MOBILE MAPPING SYSTEM Chuang Tao
EXTRACTING HIGH RESOLUTION DIGITAL ELEVATION MODELS AND FEATURES IN A SOFTCOPY ENVIRONMENT Charles K. Toth and Andre Templer
KNOWLEDGE BASED MODELLING OF LANDSCAPES Ralf Tönjes
EXTRACTION OF MAN-MADE FEATURES BY 3-D ACTIVE CONTOUR MODELS John C. Trinder [...] Haihong Li [...]
ORIENTING DIGITAL STEREOPAIRS BY MATCHING FOURIER DESCRIPTORS Yi-Hsing Tseng
AN EDGE DETECTOR BASED ON WIDE-NARROW MORPHOLOGICAL OPERATIONS OF SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING IMAGES Makoto KAWAMURA, [...] Yuji TSUJIKO, [...] Sanath JAYAMANNA, [...]
SPATIAL CADASTRAL BOUNDARY CONCEPTS AND UNCERTAINTY IN PARCEL-BASED INFORMATION SYSTEM A M Tuladhar
AN AUTOMATED DIGITAL APPROACH FOR THE GENERATION OF DIGITAL TERRAIN MODELS USING HRSC AND WAOSS IMAGE DATA OF THE MARS96 MISSION Robert Uebbing
EVENTS-BASED IMAGE ANALYSIS FOR MACHINE VISION AND DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY Yury V. Visilter, Sergei Yu. Zheltov, Alexander A. Stepanov
AUTOMATIC EXTRACTION OF LARGE BUILDINGS FROM HIGH RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGES FOR REGISTRATION WITH A MAP V K Vohra and I J Dowman
UNCERTAINTY IN GIS SUPPORTED ROAD EXTRACTION George Vosselman
Structural Matching and Its Applications for Photogrammetric Automation Dr. Younian Wang
AN APPROACH TO BUILDING EXTRACTION FROM DIGITAL SURFACE MODELS U. Weidner
Ladex: A New Index Mechanism in Spatial Object Database System Xiao Weiqi, Feng Yucai
DETERMINATION OF CONJUGATE POINTS OF STEREOSCOPIC THREE LINE SCANNER DATA OF MARS 96 MISSION Franz Wewel
A NEW MATCHING APPROACH FOR THREE-LINE SCANNER IMAGERY C. Wiedemann, L. Tang, T. Ohlhof
AUTOMATIC BREAKLINE DETECTION USING AN EDGE PRESERVING FILTER Dietmar Wild, Peter Krzystek [...] Mostafa Madani [...]
FINDING 3D-STRUCTURES IN MULTIPLE AERIAL IMAGES USING LINES AND REGIONS Hakan Wiman, Peter Axelsson
FACETS STEREO VISION (FAST VISION) APPLIED TO DIGITAL COLOUR IMAGES B. Kaiser, B. P. Wrobel
EIN ANSATZ ZUR VEGETATIONSERKENNUNG AUS LUFTBILDERN MIT HILFE VON MARKOV-ZUFALLSFELDERN IN VERBINDUNG MIT DER OBERFLÄCHENREKONSTRUKTION B. Wrobel, A. Krauth, [...]
WAVELETS BASED OBJECT SURFACE RECONSTRUCTION BY FAST VISION Jaan-Rong Tsay, Bernhard P. Wrobel [...] Reinhold Schneider [...]
MULTI-POINT LEAST SQUARES MATCHING WITH ARRAY RELAXATION UNDER VARIABLE WEIGHT MODELS Xiaoliang Wu
Automatic Point Transfer: a practical application of optimal digital image matching based on local invariant properties X. Xu, ZG. Tan
DECISION TREE CLASSIFIER WITH UNDETERMINED NODES Masanobu Yoshikawa, Sadao Fujimura, Shojiro Tanaka, and Ryuei Nishii
Estimation of a Rriori Probabilities of Landcover Categories for Bayes' Classifier Kunihiko Yoshino, Keiji Kushida
MULTISCALE APPROACH TO IMAGE TEXTURE Zhang Jixian
METHODS OF THE BUNDLE BLOCK ADJUSTMENT OF PLANETARY IMAGE DATA W. Zhang, B. Giese, J. Oberst, R. Jaumann
A Hierarchical Neural Network Approach to Three-Dimensional Object Recognition Yongsheng Zhang
Recognizing Primitives Using Aspect-Interpretation Model Matching in A Both CAD and LP-based Measurement System Zhou Guoging
DE-SHADING: INTEGRATED APPROACH TO PHOTOMETRIC MODEL, SURFACE SHAPE AND REFLECTANCE PROPERTIES Xiuguang Zhou, Egon Dorrer
REMOTE SENSING IMAGE TEXTURE ANALYSIS AND CLASSIFICATION WITH WAVELET TRANSFORM Changqing Zhu
Appendix: Authors and Co-authors Index Volume XXXI, Part B3 - ISPRS Commission lll
Appendix: Keywords Index Volume XXXI, Part B3 - ISPRS Commission lll
Title page
Cover

Full text

mantic Model,
of the (up to
‘eature base to
lge in semantic
eated in many
mage contents.
and the image
ile non-verified
image analysis
restellt werden,
natisierung des
len Merkmalen
1 (SN) sind die
dern aufgebaut
AnalyseprozeB
topographische
ersten Schritt
n einem allge-
schritt zu einer
ihren.
re

| and size, e.g.
it object struc-
get a specific
ing alignment,
atural' objects
.g. settlement-
essed in rules,
ecisions. How-
r uncertain in-
unt during the
these features
à human oper-
ated processing
of external knowledge and general rules in structured form is
necessary. Digital topographic databases offer such an exter-
nal knowledge about the location, size, shape and semantic
meaning of objects, which have to be extracted from satellite
image information. In many countries — especially Europe and
North-America — digital databases in this sense are created
or will be finished in the next few years. For example the
surveying administration in Germany digitize specific topo-
graphic map series and aerial photographs to build up differ-
ent digital databases, where ATKIS (Amtlich Topographisch-
Kartographisches Informationssystem) is the most important
one for an integrated processing with satellite image infor-
mation. The relevant part of ATKIS for image analysis
are mainly 3 digital landscape models DLM ( — Digitales
Landschaftsmodell) related to different scales (1 : 25 000,
1: 200 000, 1 : 1 000 000). This work is based on DLM200
(1 : 200 000) because the improved image analysis should be
used for updating the digital database iteratively. Therefore,
the image information should include more details than the
database to be updated. A second reason may be the better
availability of information in this scale all over the world.
In a first step this work concentrates on areal objects of
DLM200, which are main classes of permanent usage, like
settlements, forests, water areas and special agricultural ar-
eas (meadows, vineyards etc.). For these objects we have
a-priori a complete geometrical and semantical description
for the whole image area. Therefore, by this symbolic formu-
lated knowledge the integration of a model-driven top-down
approach is possible, where in conventional satellite image
analysis data-driven bottom-up methods are common.
In contrast to this conventional methods, automated feature
extraction and determination of semantic meaning has to take
quite new aspects into account. Up to now an human opera-
tor chooses interactively only few representative training areas
during a supervised classification. This happens by visual in-
terpretation and judgement of the operator based on his/her
experience. 'Clean’ training areas are chosen, i.e. without dis-
turbance or corruption, e.g. by mixture of classes (parks/lakes
inside settlements), geometrical errors (displacements) at the
edge of an object or digitizing errors. With DLM200 informa-
tion all objects inside the image can be used as training areas
to extract the actual values of the features out of the image,
but the above mentioned disturbances have to be excluded.
Therefore, a robust estimation of the features must be car-
ried out. On the base of the extreme large samples an error
tolerant method can be created (with the assumption that a
majority of the whole concerned pixels in the DLM-objects
are valid for the related class).
Because of the object-oriented nature of the above mentioned
features the basic concept of this new approach is to build up
image segments (by means of DLM-Information), which are
candidates for semantic objects. Inside these segments the
features have to be determined ('learned’) as basic parameters
for the decision process (chapter 4) by means of integrated
knowledge processing. After this analysis a change detection
can be carried out, which leads to an update of the digital
database.
3 FEATURE EXTRACTION
3.1 Segmentation
The results of common segmentation methods such as region
growing or edge based methods are not satisfying for inho-
753
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXI, Part B3. Vienna 1996

mogenous areas. Especially settlement areas show a great
variability in reflectance values because of numerous mixed
classes and mixed pixels, i.e. settlements usually contain
also other classes like meadow, forest, water or agriculture
((VOEGTLE, SCHILLING 1995)). Therefore, methods were
developed which concentrate only to the significant charac-
teristic of the object. With the assumption that this charac-
teristic appears more often inside the concerning object than
other ones, a robust segmentation can be achieved by mod-
elling of the interrelations in the image information. So the
segment boundaries can differ between image and database
information, if the actual status (image) has changed (e.g.
increasing of settlement areas, stubed areas in forest etc.).
Example 'Settlement': Settlements are characterized by
a clustering of artificial, man-made objects like buildings,
streets etc., which contain no vegetation. Because of a (nor-
mally) planned development, these objects have specific in-
terrelations (e.g. distances) and build up specific structures.
In the image information spatial clusters of pixels with a poor
density of vegetation can be found in settlement areas. Be-
cause of the great amount of other objects which can appear
inside these areas, an enormous inhomogenity in reflectance
values is usual. This phenomena (semantic class settlement
don't coincide with reflectance class) results in dissatisfying
segmentations.
As preprocessing step of a new segmentation approach the
pixels with a poor density of vegetation are extracted by the
method of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index NDVI:
(IR — R)
NDVI = ————-
(IR + R)
where IR — reflectance value in near infrared domain
R — reflectance value in visible red domain
With a threshold operation based on a statistical analysis
of the NDVI-histogramm the vegetationfree pixels can be
marked directly or these pixels are used to build up a spec-
tral signature for a consecutive classification. In both cases
we get a more or less spatial clustered class of pixels (fig. 1
and 2, Landsat TM, 26.04.1993). A first approach for mod-
elling neighbourhood characteristic was tried by iterative ap-
plication of mathematical morphology operators. The basic
idesa was to close the (smaller) gaps by dilation, afterwards
the original size should be achieved by the same amount of
erosion. Investigations have shown the principle applicability
of this method, but if the number of iterations is not high
enough, the contourlines and the shape resp. are disturbed
(fig. 3). If the number of iterations is too high, the shape
gets totally smoothed.
To overcome the problems of morphology operators another
approach which is used normally in determination of Dig-
ital Terrain Models (DTM), was investigated. Neighbour-
hood relations can also be modelled by triangulation net-
works, e.g. Delaunay triangulation, which connects adjacent
elements with shortest distances (fig. 4). A statistic of tri-
angle perimeters inside the training areas can be determined.
This will be used to select thoses triangles belonging to a
spatial cluster. After fusion of valid adjacent triangles we get
segments congruent to the spatial clusters (fig. 5).
This method has some important advantages compared with
morphology operators: with the distances between adjacent

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Kraus, Karl, and Peter Waldhäusl. XVIIIth Congress. Austrian Society of Surveying and Geoinformation, 1996.

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