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XVIIIth Congress (Part B5)

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fullscreen: XVIIIth Congress (Part B5)

Multivolume work

Persistent identifier:
1667435949
Title:
XVIIIth Congress
Sub title:
Vienna, Austria 1996
Year of publication:
1996
Place of publication:
Vienna
Publisher of the original:
Austrian Society of Surveying and Geoinformation
Identifier (digital):
1667435949
Language:
English
Editor:
Kraus, Karl
Waldhäusl, Peter
Corporations:
International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien
International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Adapter:
International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien
International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Founder of work:
International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien
International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Other corporate:
International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien
International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Document type:
Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:
1667448226
Title:
XVIIIth Congress
Scope:
626 Seiten
Year of publication:
1996
Place of publication:
Vienna
Publisher of the original:
Austrian Society of Surveying and Geoinformation
Identifier (digital):
1667448226
Illustration:
Illustrationen, Diagramme
Signature of the source:
ZS 312(31,B5)
Language:
English
Additional Notes:
Erscheinungsdatum des Originals ist anhand des Copyrightjahrs ermittelt.
Usage licence:
Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
Editor:
Kraus, Karl
Waldhäusl, Peter
Corporations:
International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien
International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Non-Cartographic Applications of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Adapter:
International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien
International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Non-Cartographic Applications of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Founder of work:
International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien
International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Non-Cartographic Applications of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Other corporate:
International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien
International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Non-Cartographic Applications of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Publisher of the digital copy:
Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover
Place of publication of the digital copy:
Hannover
Year of publication of the original:
2019
Document type:
Volume
Collection:
Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:
Stereo Light Microscope Calibration for 3D Submicron Vision Gaudenz Danuser
Document type:
Multivolume work
Structure type:
Chapter

Contents

Table of contents

  • XVIIIth Congress
  • XVIIIth Congress (Part B5)
  • Cover
  • Title page
  • ISPRS Council 1992 - 1996
  • International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (IAPRS)
  • Volume XXXI, Part B5
  • Technical Commission V Close-Range Techniques and Machine Vision
  • Editorial Team
  • Copyright 1996
  • For Sale after the Congress
  • Foreword
  • Table of Contents
  • DIE PHOTOGRAMMETRISCHE ERGÄNZUNG DER KARTE VON HATTUSAS,DER HAUPTSTADT DES HETHITER REICHES Sitki KÜLÜR, Orhan ALTAN, Gónül TOZ,. Dursun Z. SEKER, Asli IYIDIKER, Harun IYIDIKER, Zaide DURAN
  • UNIFORMITY AND PROXIMITY APPLIED TO THE GENERALISATION OF TARGET FIELDS IN CLOSE RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY. L. C. Anderson (Masters Candidate) and C. J. Bellman (Lecturer)
  • VIA GEORGOFILI MAY, 27 1993: A TESTIMONY Antonio Arrighi
  • 3D DETAILED RECONSTRUCTION OF A DEMOLISHED BUILDING BY USING OLD PHOTOGRAPHS C. loannidis, C. Potsiou, J. Badekas
  • ANALYTICAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY FOR THE SURVEY OF THE GOLDEN ALTAR OF S. AMBROSE'S BASILICA IN MILAN Elena Baj, [...]
  • PAROS:UN SYSTÈME D'INFORMATION POUR L’ARCHITECTURE L. Baratin - [...] G. Follonit - [...] J-.P. Saint Aubin - [...]
  • PHOTOGRAMMETRIC MEASUREMENT OF DEFORMATIONS OF THE GABCIKOVO LOCK GATE BARTOS P. - GREGOR V.
  • ANALYSIS OF RESIDUALS FROM L1 NORM ESTIMATION John Marshall [...] James Bethel [...]
  • VALVE MEASUREMENT USING PHOTOGRAMMETRIC FEATURE MODELING Alan Voss [...] James Bethel [...]
  • METHODS OF SURVEYING IN ARCHAEOLOGY DEMONSTRATED AT THE TANG EMPERORS’ MAUSOLEUMS Wolfgang Böhler and Guido Heinz
  • THE OPTICAL TUBE MEASUREMENT SYSTEM OLM - PHOTOGRAMMETRIC METHODS USED FOR INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION AND PROCESS CONTROL Werner Bösemann
  • OBJECT RECOGNITION USING MULTI-SENSOR FUSION AND ACTIVE EXPLORATION Claus Brenner and Michael Hahn
  • Long Terme Photogrammetric Measuremend of Rockfill Dam Jozef Cernansky
  • AN EVALUATION OF THREE DIFFERENT IMAGE CAPTURE METHODS FOR MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSIS OF DEFORMATION WITHIN A GEOTECHNICAL CENTRIFUGE J. Chen, S. Robson, M. A. R. Cooper, & R. N. Taylor
  • A NEW SYSTEM OF SURFACE MEASUREMENT N. Kochi,H. Ohtani,S. Nakamura, T. Utiyama, M. Yamada, M. Chida, T. Noma, T. Ito,H. Aokı
  • A STUDY ON REAL-TIME PHOTOGRAMMETRY FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES USING WIRELESS CCD CAMERA Hirofumi CHIKATSU, Kazuya NAKANO, Tetsuji ANAI
  • DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF HUMAN MOTION USING SEQUENTIAL IMAGES OF VIDEO THEODOLITE Hirofumi CHIKATSU, Tetsuji ANAI, Hideharu YANAGI [...] Shunji MURAI [...]
  • Ortho Projection and Drawing for Archeological Artifacts of complicated form Hiroshi YOKOYAMA [...] Katsuhiro HATANO, Hirofumi CHIKATSU [...]
  • Stereo Light Microscope Calibration for 3D Submicron Vision Gaudenz Danuser
  • GENERATION OF A PANORAMA MOSAIC FOR THE DOME OF A PLANETARIUM Piero de Fazio, [...] Josef Jansa, [...]
  • PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND SURVEY PROCEDURES FOR THE ANALYSIS OF VENETIAN VILLAS: THE CASE STUDY OF VILLA ZENO BY ANDREA PALLADIO Clemente di Thiene - Francesco Guerra - Luigi Fregonese - Luca Pilot - Caterina Balletti
  • INFLUENCE OF LARGE TARGETS ON THE RESULTS OF PHOTOGRAMMETRIC BUNDLE ADJUSTMENT Jürgen Dold
  • PHOTOGRAMMETRICAL APPLICATIONS TO AERIAL ARCHAEOLOGY AT THE INSTITUTE FOR PREHISTORY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF VIENNA, AUSTRIA Michael Doneus
  • MEASUREMENT IN HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENT: REVIEW OF SEVERAL APPLICATIONS Arnaud DUMONT - Technical Manager
  • IMPLEMENTATION OF SEQUENTIAL ESTIMATION FOR SINGLE-SENSOR VISION METROLOGY Kenneth Edmundson and Clive S. Fraser
  • TWO 3-D SENSORS FOR ENVIRONMENT MODELING AND VIRTUAL REALITY: CALIBRATION AND MULTI-VIEW REGISTRATION S. F. El-Hakim, J.-A.Beraldin, G. Godin, and P. Boulanger
  • A COMPARISON OF THE PERFORMANCE OF DIGITAL AND CONVENTIONAL NON-METRIC CAMERAS FOR ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS W. Faig, H. El-Habrouk, X. P. Li, M. Hosny
  • Vibration Monitoring with Video Cameras C. K. Lee and W. Faig
  • DEVELOPING OF THE SURFACE MODELL OF HUMAN GUMS Dr Károly Fekete
  • PAROS: Le sens de la mesure. Photogrammétrie et modéles architecturaux: Le cas du forum antique de la ville d' Arles (France) Michel Florenzano, Jean-Yves Blaise, Pierre Drap
  • PHOTOREALISTIC PRESENTATION OF THE PALAIS GRAND DUCAL BASED ON PHOTOGRAMMETRIC RECORDING Peggy Freudenreich, [...]
  • SINGLE STATION SELF-CALIBRATION TECHNIQUES John G. FRYER
  • A COMPARISON OF THE UTILITY AND EFFICIENCY OF DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND INDUSTRIAL THEODOLITE SYSTEMS Giuseppe Ganci [...] Mark R. Shortis [...]
  • PHOTOGRAMMETRIC QUANTIFICATION OF CHANGES OF SOFT TISSUE AFTER SKELETAL TREATMENT OF THE FACIAL PART OF THE SKULL Dr.-Ing. Helga Gäbel, Dr.med. Dr.med.dent. Diana Kakoschke
  • A 3D-SENSOR FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF PARTICLE CONCENTRATION FROM IMAGE SEQUENCES Peter Geißler [...] Bernd Jähne [...]
  • ARCHEOLOGICAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY WITH SMALL FORMAT CAMERAS: THE SURVEY OF THE FORUM VETUS IN SARMIZEGETUSA (ROMANIA) Pierre GRUSSENMEYER and Franck PERDRIZET
  • ARCHEOLOGY AND PHOTOGRAMMETRY: THE SITE OF LAODICEIA AD LYCUM (TURKEY) dott. Francesco Guerra
  • RECONSTRUCTION OF THE DEFORMATION SURFACE OF CFER PANELS Forlani G. - Guzzetti F. -Pinto L.
  • A GENERAL APPROACH FOR OBJECT ORIENTED 3D-MAPPING IN DIGITAL CLOSE RANGE RESTITUTION Klaus Hanke, Associate Professor [...] Mostafa Abdel-Bary Ebrahim, M.Sc. [...]
  • OBJECT RECONSTRUCTION FROM IMAGES OF A MOVING CAMERA Jussi Heikkinen
  • DIGITAL MICROPHOTOGRAMMETRY WITH THE SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE Matthias Hemmleb, Jörg Albertz [...] Manfred Schubert, Andreas Gleichmann, Johann Michael Köhler [...]
  • A NOVEL SYSTEM FOR THE COMBINED MEASUREMENT OF WAVE- AND FLOW-FIELDS BENEATH WIND INDUCED WATER WAVES Frank Hering, Günther Balschbach, Bernd Jähne
  • OBJECT-ORIENTED DATA-INTEGRATION BETWEEN DIGITAL ARCHITECTURAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND CAAD Urs Hirschberg, Dipl. Arch. ETH
  • REAL TIME TRACKING OF A DYNAMIC OBJECT Amir Saeed Homainejad
  • DIGITAL STEREOPHOTOGRAMMETRIC SOLUTIONS FOR ORTHODONTICS Wolfram Höflinger
  • OBJECT RECOGNITION FOR A FLEXIBLE MANUFACTURING SYSTEM Y. Huang & J. C. Trinder & B. E. Donnelly
  • DIGITAL STEREOPLOTTER FOR HISTORIC MONUMENTS RECORDING Jozef J. Jachimski, Janusz M. Zielinski
  • PRACTICAL INTEGRATION OF VISION METROLOGY AND CAD IN SHIPBUILDING George W. Johnson, [...]
  • SOME SPECIAL CASES OF CLOSE RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY APPLICATION Dusan Joksié, Milos Vojinovic
  • MEASUREMENT OF SPINAL DEFORMITIES USING STEREOPHOTOGRAMMETRY K Jones [...] G N Askin, W E Ryan, C Natalie and A D Porter [...]
  • CLOSE RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY USING GEOMETRIC PRIMITIVES FOR EFFICIENT CAD MODELLING OF INDUSTRIAL PLANT M. A. Jones, D. P. Chapman, and A. A. Hamid [...] A. T. D. Deacon [...]
  • DIGITAL MONOPLOTTING AND PHOTO-UNWRAPPING OF DEVELOPABLE SURFACES IN ARCHITECTURAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY G. E. Karras, P. Patias, E. Petsa
  • IMAGE SEQUENCE ANALYSIS Dana Klimesova, Tomás Suk
  • STEREOSCOPIC COMPUTER MEASUREMENTS OF MULTY-TIME IMAGES FOR INVESTIGATION OF MOUNTAIN GLACIER MOVEMENTS prof. Yu. F. Knizhnikov, R. N. Gelman
  • DRAWING UP OF FIREWORKS VIEWING AREA MAP Tosio KOIZUMI [...] Kunihiko ONO [...] Hideaki KAWASAKI [...]
  • ARCHITECTURAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND PICTURE PROCESSING FOR ACQUISITION AND DOCUMENTATION OF A BRAZILIAN TOWN ENSEMBLE S. Landes, H.-P. Bähr and K. Ringle
  • QUANTITATIVE 3D-MICROSCOPY FOR PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY OF CANCER CELLS Leemann Th, Margadant F, Walt H, Niederer P
  • An Underwater Digital Photogrammetric System For Fishery Geomatics Rongxing Li, Chuang Tao, and Weihong Zou [...] R. G. Smith and T. A. Curran [...]
  • RESULTS OF THE GERMAN COMPARISON TEST FOR DIGITAL POINT OPERATORS Thomas Luhmann
  • DEVELOPMENTS TOWARDS REMOTE METROLOGY FOR COMPONENT ALIGNMENT UNDER CONDITIONS OF RESTRICTED ACCESS IN JET'S TOROIDAL VACUUM VESSEL B. Macklin, R. Brade, G. Celentano, J. Tait, E. van Lente
  • "FREE-FLYING" 3-D SENSORS FOR EFFICIENT CLOSE-RANGE MEASUREMENT AND REVERSE ENGINEERING Reinhard W. Malz, [...]
  • TOWER CASTLE OF GARCIA D’AVILA - FIRST OUTCOMES FOR THE RESTORATION PROCEDURES Camillo José Martins Gomes - [...] Walter da Silva Prado - [...] Christováo Dias de Avila Pires Junior - [...] Herbert Erwes - [...] Luiz Eduardo Pereira Alves - [...]
  • Data Fusion of Three-dimensional Measurement and CAD in Plant Construction (with the application to prefabricated manufacture of chemical engineering pipe line as an example) A. Matsumoto and F. Souda
  • KOMBINATION VON PHOTOGRAMMETRIE UND STREIFENPROJEKTION ZUR VERMESSUNG GROSSER OBJEKTE Dr. Martin Michaelis
  • ISSUES IN MEDICAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY IN THE DIGITAL IMAGING ERA Harvey L. Mitchell [...] Thomas Leemann [...]
  • DENTURE MOBILITY MEASURING SYSTEM OF COMPLETE DENTURES USING FOUR INFRARED VIDEO CAMERAS K. MIYASHITA, T. SEKITA, S. MINAKUCHI, Y. HIRANO, K. KOBAYASHI and M. NAGAO
  • Archaeological Real-time Photogrammetric System using Digital Still Camera Yoshito MIYATSUKA
  • DISCUSSION ON THE AUTOMATIC MEASUREMENT OF TRAFFIC FLOW BY VIDEO CAMERA MOUNTED ON BALLOON Masaru MORI, Masahiro SETOJIMA, Yukio AKAMATSU [...] Ryo YAMANA, Takashi YAHARA [...]
  • FRAMES BASED ANALYSIS OF MULTISENSOR IMAGE SEQUENCES Yury V. Morzeev, Yury V. Visilter, Sergei Y. Zheltov, Alexander A. Stepanov
  • CLOSED-FORM SPACE RESECTION USING PHOTO SCALE VARIATION by Riadh A. H. Munjy, Mushtaq Hussain
  • MEASUREMENT OF RAILWAY SURFACE FLAWS WITH THE CCD LINE SENSOR CAMERA SYSTEM Yoshitaka Matsumoto, Osamu Murakami [...] Masaya Nakagawa [...]
  • ACCURACY IMPROVEMENT IN COMPUTATIONAL CLOSE-RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY BY THE USE OF MULTI-CONTROL VARIABLE (NCV) MONTE CARLO METHOD H. N. Nagaraja, [...]
  • EVALUATION OF A LOW COST DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRIC SYSTEM FOR MEDICAL APPLICATIONS P. R. Thomas and I. Newton [...] K. B. Fanibunda [...]
  • A VIDEO-RATE STEREO MACHINE AND ITS APPLICATION TO VIRTUAL REALITY Kazuo Oda, Masaya Tanaka, Atsushi Yoshida, Hiroshi Kano and Takeo Kanade
  • A Reconstruction of the Ancient City of Ayutthaya Using Modern Photogrammetric Techniques Cliff Ogleby
  • A STUDY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SEMI-METRIC CAMERA FOR VERY CLOSE-RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY W. J. Oh [...] S. H. Han [...] S. H. Song, S. H. Bae, H. S. Lee [...]
  • THE DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF VIDEO DIGITIZING BY USING THREE-DIMENSIONAL CAD-MODELS Ms. Katri Oksanen, [...]
  • NUMERICAL INVENTORY OF ARCHITECTURAL OBJECTS Jolanta Orlinska, Ryszard Preuss
  • STEREOPHOTOGRAMMETRIC MAPPING OF THE ANTERIOR SURFACE OF THE HUMAN CORNEA Dr Jon Osborn, [...] Dr Gordon Wise, [...]
  • CAD-SUPPORTED DETERMINATION OF SENSOR ATTITUDE IN TERRESTRIAL PHOTOGRAMMETRIC APPLICATIONS A. D. Styliadis, P. Patias, J. Paraschakis
  • CONTRIBUTION OF VIDEOGRAMMETRY TO THE ARCHITECTURAL RESTITUTION Results of the CIPA "O. Wagner Pavillion" test P. Patias, A. Streilein
  • THE CIPA "O. Wagner Pavilion" TEST A. Almagro, P. Patias, P. Waldhäusl
  • HIGH RESOLUTION DATA ACQUISITON TO OBSERVE MOVING OBJECTS Jürgen Dold, [...] Jürgen Peipe, [...]
  • CAD-based Reverse Engineering with Digital Photogrammetry Frank Petran, Peter Krzystek [...] Peter Bonitz [...]
  • CONFIGURATION OPTIMIZATION AND OPERATING RANGE ENLARGEMENT OF CCD-VIDEO-CAMERAS Dipl.-Ing. Bernd Pollak, [...]
  • IMPLEMENTATION OF DIGITAL 3D-MODELS IN BUILDING SURVEYS BASED ON MULTI IMAGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY Günter Pomaska, [...]
  • THE DYNAMIC DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRIC MEASUREMENT AND VISUALISATION OF A 21M WIND TURBINE ROTOR BLADE UNDERGOING STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS. S. Robson and H. B. Setan.
  • Multi-Image Correlation for Digital Photogrammetric Measurement Systems Heinz Rüther [...] Graeme van der Vlugt [...]
  • A MULTI-VIEW TRINOCULAR SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATIC 3-D OBJECT MODELING AND RENDERING F. Pedersini, A. Sarti, S. Tubaro
  • CCD MULTICAMERAS INTERACTIVE DIGITAL SYSTEM FOR CLOSE RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRIC APPLICATIONS Piotr Sawicki, Boguslaw Wiecek
  • TARGET DETECTION AND EPIPOLAR GEOMETRY FOR IMAGE ORIENTATION IN CLOSE-RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY Gianfranco Forlani, Alberto Giussani, Marco Scaioni [...] Giorgio Vassena [...]
  • IMPROVEMENT OF FISHFARM PEN DESIGN USING COMPUTATIONAL STRUCTURAL MODELLING AND LARGE-SCALE UNDERWATER PHOTOGRAMMETRY (COSMOLUP) Heinrich Schewe, [...] Erik Moncrieff, [...] Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lothar Gründig, [...]
  • DPA-WIN - A PC BASED DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRIC STATION FOR FAST AND FLEXIBLE ON-SITE MEASUREMENT Carl-Thomas Schneider
  • MULTIPLE FOCUS CALIBRATION OF A STILL VIDEO CAMERA Mark R. Shortis [...] Stuart Robson and Tim Short [...]
  • LASER DOT MATRIX BASED DIGITAL SYSTEM FOR FOR MONITORING TEXTURELESS ROOF STRATA OF MINES R. Singh, D. P. Chapman and K. B. Atkinson
  • THE CONSTRUCTION OF AN ANCIENT BAS-RELIEF REPLICA USING PHOTOGRAMMETRIC METHODS AND CNC TECHNIQUES E. STAMBOULOGLOU, [...]
  • UTILIZATION OF CAD MODELS FOR THE OBJECT ORIENTED MEASUREMENT OF INDUSTRIAL AND ARCHITECTURAL OBJECTS Andre Streilein
  • ADVANCED STUDY OF NON-PRISM LASER RANGER AND IT'S IMAGING (Low-Cost 3D Imaging and Range Imaging Using Non-Prism Laser-Ranger) YOSHIAKI TAKAHASHI, HIDENORI ITOH, NORITSUNA FUJII
  • A study and development for STEREO FUNDUS CAMERA SYSTEM using Stereo Matching Technique. TSURU Kosuke, Inoue T., Ogino N., Matuyama M., [...] Nanjo T., Yano. N., Hino T. [...]
  • SPECTRAL ANALYSIS OF A HUMAN WALKING SEQUENCE USING MEDIAL STEREO IMAGES Masako TSURUOKA, Ryosuke SHIBASAKI, Shunji MURAI [...] Masahiro KURITA [...] Takao WADA [...]
  • SUR L’UTILISATION DES CONTRAINTES À L'AJUSTEMENT SIMULTANE DES OBSERVATIONS PHOTOGRAMMETRIQUES ET GEODESIQUES DANS LA PHOTOGRAMMÉTRIE À COURTE DISTANCE Prof.dr.ing. Lucian Turdeanu, Chef de travaux ing. Ion Ionescu
  • THE USE OF MULTIPLE SURVIEWS OF A COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY SCANNER TO DETERMINE THE 3D COORDINATES OF EXTERNAL CRANIAL MARKERS Van Geems B. A.
  • AUTOMATIC DEM GENERATION USING DIGITAL SYSTEM InduSCAN: AN APPLICATION TO THE ARTWORKS OF MILANO CATHEDRAL FINALIZED TO REALIZE PHYSICAL MARBLE COPIES Marco Scaioni [...] Giorgio Vassena [...] Torsten Kludas, Jens-Uwe Pfeil [...]
  • AN ALGORITHMIC METHOD FOR REAL-TIME 3-D MEASUREMENT X. Wang. & T. A. Clarke.
  • RECOVERING 3-D OBJECT GEOMETRY USING A GENERIC CONSTRAINT DESCRIPTION S. Weik, O. Grau
  • IST DIE PHOTOGRAMMETRIE REIF FÜR DAS MUSEUM? Rolf-Dieter Düppe und Manfred Weisensee
  • DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGES IN ARCHITECTURAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY USING DIGITAL SURFACE MODELS Albert Wiedemann
  • CULTURAL ASSETS PRESERVATION USING DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY METHODS YEU, Bock-Mo Professor, KIM, Wondae Ph.D Student [...] KIM, Yong-ll Associate Professor, RYU, Yeon Undergraduate Student [...]
  • Appendix: Authors and Co-authors Index Volume XXXI, Part B5 - ISPRS Commission V
  • Appendix: Keywords Index Volume XXXI, Part B5 - ISPRS Commission V
  • Cover

Full text

96 
Stereo Light Microscope Calibration for 3D Submicron Vision 
Gaudenz Danuser 
Communication Technology Lab, Image Science Group 
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH 
CH-8092 Zürich 
email: danuser@vision.ee.ethz.ch 
Commision V, Working Group 2 
KEY WORDS: Three-dimensional, Calibration, Bundle, Adjustment, Stereoscopic, Light Microscopy 
ABSTRACT 
The rapid development in micro- and nanotechnology has introduced new challenges to photogrammetry and computer vision. 
Microscopic imagery has to be seriously investigated by these communities. This paper represents a first step in this direction. 
It addresses the calibration of Stereo Light Microscopes. Various new aspects have to be investigated when trying to develop 
computer vision and photogrammetric approaches for this type of sensor. Normally, in macroscopic imagery the contrast and 
image quality can be controlled to some degree. Due to poor contrast and worse quality of the microscopic imagery the reliable 
and precise localization of image coordinates becomes a much more difficult task. A high level vision algorithm followed by 
a modified Least Squares Template Matching adequately solves these problems. In addition, a new imaging model for Stereo 
Light Microscopy is introduced. It is based on the weak perspective situation in microscopy and includes a new distortion 
term describing the non paraxial imaging of a Stereo Light Microscope. The results of various calibration runs demonstrate 
the suitability of this new approach. The new model is explicitly compared with the performance of standard imaging models 
used in computer vision and photogrammetry, when applying them to microscopy. Relative accuracies of laterally 1 : 1000 and 
vertically 2 : 100 are obtained in the object space. In contrast, the relative accuracy in the image space reaches 2 : 10000. 
The discrepancy between the relative accuracies in object and image space results from the limited precision of the underlying 
calibration standard. 
1 INTRODUCTION above. Real-time observation of a 3D scene is impossible 
with all the other microscopes as their data acquisition relies 
on a scanning procedure. Furthermore, with a SLM nearly 
every object, e.g. living cells, can be observed. In addition, 
the low N.A. results in a quite large working distance between 
the specimen and the front lens. This may become important 
when observing objects with a relatively large vertical exten- 
sion or if they have to be handled while viewing at them. 
The development of technologies to handle and manufac- 
ture complex systems on the micro- and nanometer scale is 
a grand challenge for science and engineering. This develop- 
ment is accompanied by a quickly growing demand to pre- 
cisely measure three dimensional micro structures. For many 
applications (quality control, object description, manipulation 
of micro-structures, etc.), it is of utmost importance to gain 
geometrical information from a relatively large field of view. This paper addresses the problem of 3D measurements with 
Thus, a new challenge for the photogrammetry and machine SLM. Studies of the same topic can hardly be found in the 
vision communities is to extend their techniques for extracting literature. To the best of my knowledge, the only relevant 
accurate spatial data to make them applicable to microscope paper has been presented by [Kim et al. 1990]. It de- 
imagery. scribes a method for 3D reconstruction using a SLM. The au- 
thors demonstrate their approach on biological objects. Their 
imaging model is based on an orthographic projection and 
they operate with the viewing angles given in the technical 
specifications of the manufacturer. Neither an initial calibra- 
Quantitative techniques for stereoscopic measurements have 
largely been limited to the Stereo Scanning Electron Micro- 
scope (SSEM). The idea of introducing photogrammetry to 
the SSEM came soon after the development of the first instru- | £1 t 
ments [Maune 1973] and it is still in progress [Gleichmann et tion nor an a posteriori analysis of the 3D accuracy obtained 
al. 1994]. The state of the art in photogrammetric treatment bY their approach has been carried out. They emphasize the 
of SSEM imagery is summarized in [Ghosh 1989]. limitation of their approach and propose that a refined imag- 
ing model, as well as powerful statistical tools, may improve 
the quality of the results. It is exactly the purpose of my 
work to focus on the description of microscopic imaging with 
a photogrammetric approach. 
In contrast to the SSEM, stereoscopic measurements using 
Stereo Light Microscopes (SLM) have not been deeply inves- 
tigated. The limited depth of field in a SLM is most likely 
the key factor that discouraged intensive research in SLM 
imagery. To circumvent this problem, the optical commu- A first paper about this topic has been presented by [Danuser 
nity developed other techniques to reconstruct a 3D micro and Kübler 1995]. A thorough numerical analysis allowed us 
space: confocal microscopy, optical sectioning, laser confocal to define the set up for a novel Bundle Adjustment. Since 
microscopy, etc. [Taylor et al. 1992]. Another difficulty in then, the proposed calibration procedure has been success- 
quantitative stereo light microscopy is to obtain images of fully implemented on a fully operational micro vision system. 
sufficiently high contrast. Specular reflections and specimen Compared to the first paper, this one addresses more the 
which may be transparent further diminish the image qual- practical aspects of microscope calibration. It discusses the 
ity. Above all, the low Numerical Aperture (N.A.) limits the system hardware (section 2) and the key problems of the al- 
sensor resolution to about 2 um. However, SLM provide con- ^ gorithm, namely the image coordinate acquisition (section 4) 
siderable advantages over the microscope types mentioned and the parameter estimation in the Bundle Adjustment (sec- 
101 
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXI, Part B5. Vienna 1996 
  
  
  
  
  
 
	        

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