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XVIIIth Congress (Part B5)

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fullscreen: XVIIIth Congress (Part B5)

Multivolume work

Persistent identifier:: 1667435949

Title:: XVIIIth Congress

Sub title:: Vienna, Austria 1996

Year of publication:: 1996

Place of publication:: Vienna

Publisher of the original:: Austrian Society of Surveying and Geoinformation

Identifier (digital):: 1667435949

Language:: English

Editor:: Kraus, Karl; Waldhäusl, Peter

Corporations:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Adapter:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Founder of work:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Other corporate:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 1667448226

Title:: XVIIIth Congress

Scope:: 626 Seiten

Year of publication:: 1996

Place of publication:: Vienna

Publisher of the original:: Austrian Society of Surveying and Geoinformation

Identifier (digital):: 1667448226

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(31,B5)

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Erscheinungsdatum des Originals ist anhand des Copyrightjahrs ermittelt.

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Editor:: Kraus, Karl; Waldhäusl, Peter

Corporations:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Non-Cartographic Applications of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Adapter:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Non-Cartographic Applications of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Founder of work:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Non-Cartographic Applications of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Other corporate:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Non-Cartographic Applications of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2019

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: A 3D-SENSOR FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF PARTICLE CONCENTRATION FROM IMAGE SEQUENCES Peter Geißler [...] Bernd Jähne [...]

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Contents

Table of contents

XVIIIth Congress
XVIIIth Congress (Part B5)
Cover
Title page
ISPRS Council 1992 - 1996
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (IAPRS)
Volume XXXI, Part B5
Technical Commission V Close-Range Techniques and Machine Vision
Editorial Team
Copyright 1996
For Sale after the Congress
Foreword
Table of Contents
DIE PHOTOGRAMMETRISCHE ERGÄNZUNG DER KARTE VON HATTUSAS,DER HAUPTSTADT DES HETHITER REICHES Sitki KÜLÜR, Orhan ALTAN, Gónül TOZ,. Dursun Z. SEKER, Asli IYIDIKER, Harun IYIDIKER, Zaide DURAN
UNIFORMITY AND PROXIMITY APPLIED TO THE GENERALISATION OF TARGET FIELDS IN CLOSE RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY. L. C. Anderson (Masters Candidate) and C. J. Bellman (Lecturer)
VIA GEORGOFILI MAY, 27 1993: A TESTIMONY Antonio Arrighi
3D DETAILED RECONSTRUCTION OF A DEMOLISHED BUILDING BY USING OLD PHOTOGRAPHS C. loannidis, C. Potsiou, J. Badekas
ANALYTICAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY FOR THE SURVEY OF THE GOLDEN ALTAR OF S. AMBROSE'S BASILICA IN MILAN Elena Baj, [...]
PAROS:UN SYSTÈME D'INFORMATION POUR L’ARCHITECTURE L. Baratin - [...] G. Follonit - [...] J-.P. Saint Aubin - [...]
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC MEASUREMENT OF DEFORMATIONS OF THE GABCIKOVO LOCK GATE BARTOS P. - GREGOR V.
ANALYSIS OF RESIDUALS FROM L1 NORM ESTIMATION John Marshall [...] James Bethel [...]
VALVE MEASUREMENT USING PHOTOGRAMMETRIC FEATURE MODELING Alan Voss [...] James Bethel [...]
METHODS OF SURVEYING IN ARCHAEOLOGY DEMONSTRATED AT THE TANG EMPERORS’ MAUSOLEUMS Wolfgang Böhler and Guido Heinz
THE OPTICAL TUBE MEASUREMENT SYSTEM OLM - PHOTOGRAMMETRIC METHODS USED FOR INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION AND PROCESS CONTROL Werner Bösemann
OBJECT RECOGNITION USING MULTI-SENSOR FUSION AND ACTIVE EXPLORATION Claus Brenner and Michael Hahn
Long Terme Photogrammetric Measuremend of Rockfill Dam Jozef Cernansky
AN EVALUATION OF THREE DIFFERENT IMAGE CAPTURE METHODS FOR MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSIS OF DEFORMATION WITHIN A GEOTECHNICAL CENTRIFUGE J. Chen, S. Robson, M. A. R. Cooper, & R. N. Taylor
A NEW SYSTEM OF SURFACE MEASUREMENT N. Kochi,H. Ohtani,S. Nakamura, T. Utiyama, M. Yamada, M. Chida, T. Noma, T. Ito,H. Aokı
A STUDY ON REAL-TIME PHOTOGRAMMETRY FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES USING WIRELESS CCD CAMERA Hirofumi CHIKATSU, Kazuya NAKANO, Tetsuji ANAI
DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF HUMAN MOTION USING SEQUENTIAL IMAGES OF VIDEO THEODOLITE Hirofumi CHIKATSU, Tetsuji ANAI, Hideharu YANAGI [...] Shunji MURAI [...]
Ortho Projection and Drawing for Archeological Artifacts of complicated form Hiroshi YOKOYAMA [...] Katsuhiro HATANO, Hirofumi CHIKATSU [...]
Stereo Light Microscope Calibration for 3D Submicron Vision Gaudenz Danuser
GENERATION OF A PANORAMA MOSAIC FOR THE DOME OF A PLANETARIUM Piero de Fazio, [...] Josef Jansa, [...]
PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND SURVEY PROCEDURES FOR THE ANALYSIS OF VENETIAN VILLAS: THE CASE STUDY OF VILLA ZENO BY ANDREA PALLADIO Clemente di Thiene - Francesco Guerra - Luigi Fregonese - Luca Pilot - Caterina Balletti
INFLUENCE OF LARGE TARGETS ON THE RESULTS OF PHOTOGRAMMETRIC BUNDLE ADJUSTMENT Jürgen Dold
PHOTOGRAMMETRICAL APPLICATIONS TO AERIAL ARCHAEOLOGY AT THE INSTITUTE FOR PREHISTORY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF VIENNA, AUSTRIA Michael Doneus
MEASUREMENT IN HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENT: REVIEW OF SEVERAL APPLICATIONS Arnaud DUMONT - Technical Manager
IMPLEMENTATION OF SEQUENTIAL ESTIMATION FOR SINGLE-SENSOR VISION METROLOGY Kenneth Edmundson and Clive S. Fraser
TWO 3-D SENSORS FOR ENVIRONMENT MODELING AND VIRTUAL REALITY: CALIBRATION AND MULTI-VIEW REGISTRATION S. F. El-Hakim, J.-A.Beraldin, G. Godin, and P. Boulanger
A COMPARISON OF THE PERFORMANCE OF DIGITAL AND CONVENTIONAL NON-METRIC CAMERAS FOR ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS W. Faig, H. El-Habrouk, X. P. Li, M. Hosny
Vibration Monitoring with Video Cameras C. K. Lee and W. Faig
DEVELOPING OF THE SURFACE MODELL OF HUMAN GUMS Dr Károly Fekete
PAROS: Le sens de la mesure. Photogrammétrie et modéles architecturaux: Le cas du forum antique de la ville d' Arles (France) Michel Florenzano, Jean-Yves Blaise, Pierre Drap
PHOTOREALISTIC PRESENTATION OF THE PALAIS GRAND DUCAL BASED ON PHOTOGRAMMETRIC RECORDING Peggy Freudenreich, [...]
SINGLE STATION SELF-CALIBRATION TECHNIQUES John G. FRYER
A COMPARISON OF THE UTILITY AND EFFICIENCY OF DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND INDUSTRIAL THEODOLITE SYSTEMS Giuseppe Ganci [...] Mark R. Shortis [...]
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC QUANTIFICATION OF CHANGES OF SOFT TISSUE AFTER SKELETAL TREATMENT OF THE FACIAL PART OF THE SKULL Dr.-Ing. Helga Gäbel, Dr.med. Dr.med.dent. Diana Kakoschke
A 3D-SENSOR FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF PARTICLE CONCENTRATION FROM IMAGE SEQUENCES Peter Geißler [...] Bernd Jähne [...]
ARCHEOLOGICAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY WITH SMALL FORMAT CAMERAS: THE SURVEY OF THE FORUM VETUS IN SARMIZEGETUSA (ROMANIA) Pierre GRUSSENMEYER and Franck PERDRIZET
ARCHEOLOGY AND PHOTOGRAMMETRY: THE SITE OF LAODICEIA AD LYCUM (TURKEY) dott. Francesco Guerra
RECONSTRUCTION OF THE DEFORMATION SURFACE OF CFER PANELS Forlani G. - Guzzetti F. -Pinto L.
A GENERAL APPROACH FOR OBJECT ORIENTED 3D-MAPPING IN DIGITAL CLOSE RANGE RESTITUTION Klaus Hanke, Associate Professor [...] Mostafa Abdel-Bary Ebrahim, M.Sc. [...]
OBJECT RECONSTRUCTION FROM IMAGES OF A MOVING CAMERA Jussi Heikkinen
DIGITAL MICROPHOTOGRAMMETRY WITH THE SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE Matthias Hemmleb, Jörg Albertz [...] Manfred Schubert, Andreas Gleichmann, Johann Michael Köhler [...]
A NOVEL SYSTEM FOR THE COMBINED MEASUREMENT OF WAVE- AND FLOW-FIELDS BENEATH WIND INDUCED WATER WAVES Frank Hering, Günther Balschbach, Bernd Jähne
OBJECT-ORIENTED DATA-INTEGRATION BETWEEN DIGITAL ARCHITECTURAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND CAAD Urs Hirschberg, Dipl. Arch. ETH
REAL TIME TRACKING OF A DYNAMIC OBJECT Amir Saeed Homainejad
DIGITAL STEREOPHOTOGRAMMETRIC SOLUTIONS FOR ORTHODONTICS Wolfram Höflinger
OBJECT RECOGNITION FOR A FLEXIBLE MANUFACTURING SYSTEM Y. Huang & J. C. Trinder & B. E. Donnelly
DIGITAL STEREOPLOTTER FOR HISTORIC MONUMENTS RECORDING Jozef J. Jachimski, Janusz M. Zielinski
PRACTICAL INTEGRATION OF VISION METROLOGY AND CAD IN SHIPBUILDING George W. Johnson, [...]
SOME SPECIAL CASES OF CLOSE RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY APPLICATION Dusan Joksié, Milos Vojinovic
MEASUREMENT OF SPINAL DEFORMITIES USING STEREOPHOTOGRAMMETRY K Jones [...] G N Askin, W E Ryan, C Natalie and A D Porter [...]
CLOSE RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY USING GEOMETRIC PRIMITIVES FOR EFFICIENT CAD MODELLING OF INDUSTRIAL PLANT M. A. Jones, D. P. Chapman, and A. A. Hamid [...] A. T. D. Deacon [...]
DIGITAL MONOPLOTTING AND PHOTO-UNWRAPPING OF DEVELOPABLE SURFACES IN ARCHITECTURAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY G. E. Karras, P. Patias, E. Petsa
IMAGE SEQUENCE ANALYSIS Dana Klimesova, Tomás Suk
STEREOSCOPIC COMPUTER MEASUREMENTS OF MULTY-TIME IMAGES FOR INVESTIGATION OF MOUNTAIN GLACIER MOVEMENTS prof. Yu. F. Knizhnikov, R. N. Gelman
DRAWING UP OF FIREWORKS VIEWING AREA MAP Tosio KOIZUMI [...] Kunihiko ONO [...] Hideaki KAWASAKI [...]
ARCHITECTURAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND PICTURE PROCESSING FOR ACQUISITION AND DOCUMENTATION OF A BRAZILIAN TOWN ENSEMBLE S. Landes, H.-P. Bähr and K. Ringle
QUANTITATIVE 3D-MICROSCOPY FOR PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY OF CANCER CELLS Leemann Th, Margadant F, Walt H, Niederer P
An Underwater Digital Photogrammetric System For Fishery Geomatics Rongxing Li, Chuang Tao, and Weihong Zou [...] R. G. Smith and T. A. Curran [...]
RESULTS OF THE GERMAN COMPARISON TEST FOR DIGITAL POINT OPERATORS Thomas Luhmann
DEVELOPMENTS TOWARDS REMOTE METROLOGY FOR COMPONENT ALIGNMENT UNDER CONDITIONS OF RESTRICTED ACCESS IN JET'S TOROIDAL VACUUM VESSEL B. Macklin, R. Brade, G. Celentano, J. Tait, E. van Lente
"FREE-FLYING" 3-D SENSORS FOR EFFICIENT CLOSE-RANGE MEASUREMENT AND REVERSE ENGINEERING Reinhard W. Malz, [...]
TOWER CASTLE OF GARCIA D’AVILA - FIRST OUTCOMES FOR THE RESTORATION PROCEDURES Camillo José Martins Gomes - [...] Walter da Silva Prado - [...] Christováo Dias de Avila Pires Junior - [...] Herbert Erwes - [...] Luiz Eduardo Pereira Alves - [...]
Data Fusion of Three-dimensional Measurement and CAD in Plant Construction (with the application to prefabricated manufacture of chemical engineering pipe line as an example) A. Matsumoto and F. Souda
KOMBINATION VON PHOTOGRAMMETRIE UND STREIFENPROJEKTION ZUR VERMESSUNG GROSSER OBJEKTE Dr. Martin Michaelis
ISSUES IN MEDICAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY IN THE DIGITAL IMAGING ERA Harvey L. Mitchell [...] Thomas Leemann [...]
DENTURE MOBILITY MEASURING SYSTEM OF COMPLETE DENTURES USING FOUR INFRARED VIDEO CAMERAS K. MIYASHITA, T. SEKITA, S. MINAKUCHI, Y. HIRANO, K. KOBAYASHI and M. NAGAO
Archaeological Real-time Photogrammetric System using Digital Still Camera Yoshito MIYATSUKA
DISCUSSION ON THE AUTOMATIC MEASUREMENT OF TRAFFIC FLOW BY VIDEO CAMERA MOUNTED ON BALLOON Masaru MORI, Masahiro SETOJIMA, Yukio AKAMATSU [...] Ryo YAMANA, Takashi YAHARA [...]
FRAMES BASED ANALYSIS OF MULTISENSOR IMAGE SEQUENCES Yury V. Morzeev, Yury V. Visilter, Sergei Y. Zheltov, Alexander A. Stepanov
CLOSED-FORM SPACE RESECTION USING PHOTO SCALE VARIATION by Riadh A. H. Munjy, Mushtaq Hussain
MEASUREMENT OF RAILWAY SURFACE FLAWS WITH THE CCD LINE SENSOR CAMERA SYSTEM Yoshitaka Matsumoto, Osamu Murakami [...] Masaya Nakagawa [...]
ACCURACY IMPROVEMENT IN COMPUTATIONAL CLOSE-RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY BY THE USE OF MULTI-CONTROL VARIABLE (NCV) MONTE CARLO METHOD H. N. Nagaraja, [...]
EVALUATION OF A LOW COST DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRIC SYSTEM FOR MEDICAL APPLICATIONS P. R. Thomas and I. Newton [...] K. B. Fanibunda [...]
A VIDEO-RATE STEREO MACHINE AND ITS APPLICATION TO VIRTUAL REALITY Kazuo Oda, Masaya Tanaka, Atsushi Yoshida, Hiroshi Kano and Takeo Kanade
A Reconstruction of the Ancient City of Ayutthaya Using Modern Photogrammetric Techniques Cliff Ogleby
A STUDY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SEMI-METRIC CAMERA FOR VERY CLOSE-RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY W. J. Oh [...] S. H. Han [...] S. H. Song, S. H. Bae, H. S. Lee [...]
THE DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF VIDEO DIGITIZING BY USING THREE-DIMENSIONAL CAD-MODELS Ms. Katri Oksanen, [...]
NUMERICAL INVENTORY OF ARCHITECTURAL OBJECTS Jolanta Orlinska, Ryszard Preuss
STEREOPHOTOGRAMMETRIC MAPPING OF THE ANTERIOR SURFACE OF THE HUMAN CORNEA Dr Jon Osborn, [...] Dr Gordon Wise, [...]
CAD-SUPPORTED DETERMINATION OF SENSOR ATTITUDE IN TERRESTRIAL PHOTOGRAMMETRIC APPLICATIONS A. D. Styliadis, P. Patias, J. Paraschakis
CONTRIBUTION OF VIDEOGRAMMETRY TO THE ARCHITECTURAL RESTITUTION Results of the CIPA "O. Wagner Pavillion" test P. Patias, A. Streilein
THE CIPA "O. Wagner Pavilion" TEST A. Almagro, P. Patias, P. Waldhäusl
HIGH RESOLUTION DATA ACQUISITON TO OBSERVE MOVING OBJECTS Jürgen Dold, [...] Jürgen Peipe, [...]
CAD-based Reverse Engineering with Digital Photogrammetry Frank Petran, Peter Krzystek [...] Peter Bonitz [...]
CONFIGURATION OPTIMIZATION AND OPERATING RANGE ENLARGEMENT OF CCD-VIDEO-CAMERAS Dipl.-Ing. Bernd Pollak, [...]
IMPLEMENTATION OF DIGITAL 3D-MODELS IN BUILDING SURVEYS BASED ON MULTI IMAGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY Günter Pomaska, [...]
THE DYNAMIC DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRIC MEASUREMENT AND VISUALISATION OF A 21M WIND TURBINE ROTOR BLADE UNDERGOING STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS. S. Robson and H. B. Setan.
Multi-Image Correlation for Digital Photogrammetric Measurement Systems Heinz Rüther [...] Graeme van der Vlugt [...]
A MULTI-VIEW TRINOCULAR SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATIC 3-D OBJECT MODELING AND RENDERING F. Pedersini, A. Sarti, S. Tubaro
CCD MULTICAMERAS INTERACTIVE DIGITAL SYSTEM FOR CLOSE RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRIC APPLICATIONS Piotr Sawicki, Boguslaw Wiecek
TARGET DETECTION AND EPIPOLAR GEOMETRY FOR IMAGE ORIENTATION IN CLOSE-RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY Gianfranco Forlani, Alberto Giussani, Marco Scaioni [...] Giorgio Vassena [...]
IMPROVEMENT OF FISHFARM PEN DESIGN USING COMPUTATIONAL STRUCTURAL MODELLING AND LARGE-SCALE UNDERWATER PHOTOGRAMMETRY (COSMOLUP) Heinrich Schewe, [...] Erik Moncrieff, [...] Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lothar Gründig, [...]
DPA-WIN - A PC BASED DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRIC STATION FOR FAST AND FLEXIBLE ON-SITE MEASUREMENT Carl-Thomas Schneider
MULTIPLE FOCUS CALIBRATION OF A STILL VIDEO CAMERA Mark R. Shortis [...] Stuart Robson and Tim Short [...]
LASER DOT MATRIX BASED DIGITAL SYSTEM FOR FOR MONITORING TEXTURELESS ROOF STRATA OF MINES R. Singh, D. P. Chapman and K. B. Atkinson
THE CONSTRUCTION OF AN ANCIENT BAS-RELIEF REPLICA USING PHOTOGRAMMETRIC METHODS AND CNC TECHNIQUES E. STAMBOULOGLOU, [...]
UTILIZATION OF CAD MODELS FOR THE OBJECT ORIENTED MEASUREMENT OF INDUSTRIAL AND ARCHITECTURAL OBJECTS Andre Streilein
ADVANCED STUDY OF NON-PRISM LASER RANGER AND IT'S IMAGING (Low-Cost 3D Imaging and Range Imaging Using Non-Prism Laser-Ranger) YOSHIAKI TAKAHASHI, HIDENORI ITOH, NORITSUNA FUJII
A study and development for STEREO FUNDUS CAMERA SYSTEM using Stereo Matching Technique. TSURU Kosuke, Inoue T., Ogino N., Matuyama M., [...] Nanjo T., Yano. N., Hino T. [...]
SPECTRAL ANALYSIS OF A HUMAN WALKING SEQUENCE USING MEDIAL STEREO IMAGES Masako TSURUOKA, Ryosuke SHIBASAKI, Shunji MURAI [...] Masahiro KURITA [...] Takao WADA [...]
SUR L’UTILISATION DES CONTRAINTES À L'AJUSTEMENT SIMULTANE DES OBSERVATIONS PHOTOGRAMMETRIQUES ET GEODESIQUES DANS LA PHOTOGRAMMÉTRIE À COURTE DISTANCE Prof.dr.ing. Lucian Turdeanu, Chef de travaux ing. Ion Ionescu
THE USE OF MULTIPLE SURVIEWS OF A COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY SCANNER TO DETERMINE THE 3D COORDINATES OF EXTERNAL CRANIAL MARKERS Van Geems B. A.
AUTOMATIC DEM GENERATION USING DIGITAL SYSTEM InduSCAN: AN APPLICATION TO THE ARTWORKS OF MILANO CATHEDRAL FINALIZED TO REALIZE PHYSICAL MARBLE COPIES Marco Scaioni [...] Giorgio Vassena [...] Torsten Kludas, Jens-Uwe Pfeil [...]
AN ALGORITHMIC METHOD FOR REAL-TIME 3-D MEASUREMENT X. Wang. & T. A. Clarke.
RECOVERING 3-D OBJECT GEOMETRY USING A GENERIC CONSTRAINT DESCRIPTION S. Weik, O. Grau
IST DIE PHOTOGRAMMETRIE REIF FÜR DAS MUSEUM? Rolf-Dieter Düppe und Manfred Weisensee
DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGES IN ARCHITECTURAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY USING DIGITAL SURFACE MODELS Albert Wiedemann
CULTURAL ASSETS PRESERVATION USING DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY METHODS YEU, Bock-Mo Professor, KIM, Wondae Ph.D Student [...] KIM, Yong-ll Associate Professor, RYU, Yeon Undergraduate Student [...]
Appendix: Authors and Co-authors Index Volume XXXI, Part B5 - ISPRS Commission V
Appendix: Keywords Index Volume XXXI, Part B5 - ISPRS Commission V
Cover

Full text

A 3D-SENSOR FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF PARTICLE CONCENTRATION FROM IMAGE SEQUENCES
Peter Geißler *
* Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing
University of Heidelberg
INF 368, D-69120 Heidelberg, FRG
Peter.Geissler@iwr.uni-heidelberg.de
Bernd Jähne *?
? Scripps Institution of Oceanography
Physical Oceanography Research Division
La Jolla, CA 92093-0230, USA
bjaehne@giotto.iwr.uni-heidelberg.de
Commision V, Working Group V/III
KEY WORDS: Camera,Depth-from-Focus, Experiment, Optical,Sensor, Three-dimensional, Underwater
ABSTRACT
A sensor for the measurement of the concentration and size distribution of small particles is described. The particles are
visualized by a light blocking technique and imaged by a CCD camera. The concentration measurement is based on a depth-
from-focus approach to determine the positions of the particles in three-dimensional world coordinates. From these coordinate
sets of all observed particles both the measuring volume as well as the concentration can be determined. The sensor has been
developed for the underwater measurement of size distributions of air bubbles submerged by breaking waves to investigate the
influence of air entrainment to air-sea gas exchange.
1 INTRODUCTION
The investigation of the exchange of clima-relevate trace
gases such as CO» and oxygen is a current research topic
in modern oceanography. The underlying physical processes
are still poorly understood. At low windspeeds, gas exchange
is controlled by molecular diffusion through the air/sea phase
boundary. With increasing windspeed the situation changes
dramatically. Breaking waves entrain air in form of gas bub-
bles directly to the water. During their lifetime underneath
the water surface, these bubbles form an additional reservoir
which exchanges its gas contents with the water. Indeed, a
strong increase of the gas exchange rates is found when waves
start to break [Merlivat,83]. The influence of the air bubbles
strongly depends on parameters such as life time, penetration
depth and the amount of gas confined. All these parameters
are determined by the size of the bubbles. Therefore precise
measurements of bubble size spectra and their dependence
on wind speed are necessary.
To investigate the properties of air bubble distributions, we
have developed an optical sensor which images bubbles on a
CCD camera. This allows for a instrument which causes only
low flow disturbances. The need to place the measurement
volume as far away from the instrument as possible and to
image bubbles in a size range of 20 um to 1000 um with a
suitable resolution causes a narrow depth of field. Therefore,
blur in the images is introduced in a natural way, causing only
bubbles near the focal plane to be imaged sharply. With in-
creasing distance from the focal plane (subsequently denoted
by ’depth’) the images of the bubbles become blurred. With
our technique this blur is used to determine their depth and,
consequently, their three-dimensional position in real world
coordinates. From these data, both the measuring volume as
well as the size distribution is determined.
This paper will describe the sensor and the image processing
techniques used to determine the size distributions from the
image sequences. The sensor is also suitable for other types
of particles in gases or liquids, provided they are of uniform
shape and their refractive index is different from that of the
surrounding medium.
194
2 DEPTH-FROM-FOCUS BASED
CONCENTRATION MEASUREMENT
2.1 Introduction to Depth-from-Focus
The processes of imaging a three-dimensional scene onto a
two-dimensional sensor at a first glance causes the loss of
depth information. Obviously depth recovery needs additional
information. For example, stereo imaging can be used to
partly reconstruct the distance of objects from two images.
Another approach is the use of blur in the images for depth
reconstruction. In contrast to a pinhole camera which images
every point in object space to an ideal point on the image
plane, a lens with finite aperture images only object points
on the focal plane to points on the image plane. Increasing
distance from this plane then causes an increase of blur in
the image (Fig. 1).
Depth-from-focus techniques estimate the grade of blur and
correlate it with the distance of the objects from the focal
plane. The depth resolution depends on the change of blur
with the distance from the focal plane and is therefore related
to the depth of field of the optics. Thus, a small depth of
field results in a good depth resolution of a depth-from-focus
system.

image plane lens
focal plane

Figure 1: Defocused imaging: an object point at ug is imaged
to a point at the conjugated image plane at vo. A point at u # uo
results in a brightness distribution of width o on the image plane.
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXI, Part B5. Vienna 1996
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