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XVIIIth Congress (Part B7)

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fullscreen: XVIIIth Congress (Part B7)

Multivolume work

Persistent identifier:: 1667435949

Title:: XVIIIth Congress

Sub title:: Vienna, Austria 1996

Year of publication:: 1996

Place of publication:: Vienna

Publisher of the original:: Austrian Society of Surveying and Geoinformation

Identifier (digital):: 1667435949

Language:: English

Editor:: Kraus, Karl; Waldhäusl, Peter

Corporations:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Adapter:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Founder of work:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Other corporate:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 1667450433

Title:: XVIIIth Congress

Scope:: 846 Seiten

Year of publication:: 1996

Place of publication:: Vienna

Publisher of the original:: Austrian Society of Surveying and Geoinformation

Identifier (digital):: 1667450433

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(31,B7)

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Erscheinungsdatum des Originals ist anhand des Copyrightjahrs ermittelt.

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Editor:: Kraus, Karl; Waldhäusl, Peter

Corporations:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission of Photographic and Remote Sensing Data

Adapter:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission of Photographic and Remote Sensing Data

Founder of work:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission of Photographic and Remote Sensing Data

Other corporate:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 18., 1996, Wien; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission of Photographic and Remote Sensing Data

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2019

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: FOREST FIRE DETECTION WITH SATELLITES FOR FIRE CONTROL Yrjö Rauste

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

XVIIIth Congress
XVIIIth Congress (Part B7)
Cover
Title page
ISPRS Council 1992 - 1996
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (IAPRS)
Volume XXXI, Part B7
Technical Commission VII Resource and Environmental Monitoring
Editorial Team
Copyright 1996
For Sale after the Congress
Foreword
Table of Contents
STABILITY OF TIGRIS RIVER BETWEEN SAMARRA AND BAGHDAD Dr. OMAR B. AL-JARRAH ‚Dr.KASSIM M. AL-SAADI
MAPPING OF HYDROTHERMALLY ALTERED AREAS IN VEGETATED TERRAIN, USING MULTISOURCE DATA INTEGRATION AND SEGMENTATION TECHNIQUES Raimundo Almeida-Filho, Icaro Vitorello
CHARACTERIZING LAND USE DYNAMICS IN AMAZON USING MULTI-TEMPORAL IMAGERY AND SEGMENTATION TECHNIQUES Diógenes S. Alves, Eliana M. Kalil, José C. Moreira, Jussara O. Ortiz, Joao V. Soares, Osman Fernandez, Sérgio Almeida
DIGITAL WORKING BASE MAP PRODUCTION FOR THE GLOBAL SUSTAINABLE CITIES PROGRAMME: THE CASE OF SUSTAINABLE IBADAN PROJECT IN NIGERIA J. A. Ogunlami, [...] P. M. Kibora, [...] C. O. Nuga [...]
SPRUCE STAND MONITORING BASED ON THE SUCCESSIONAL SPECTRAL TRAJECTORY USING LANDSAT TM DATA Yoshio Awaya
APPLICATION OF REMOTE SENSING TO MAPPING OF EXPANSIVE SOILS AND ROCKS IN OMAN Anil K. Bagchi, Amer A. Al Rawas, Ali Al Barwani
DETERMINATION OF SNOW WATER EQUIVALENT (SWE) USING MULTI-CHANNEL AIR BORNE AND SPACE BORNE SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR (SAR). Bajzak, Denes. [...] Roberts, Bruce A. [...]
APPLICATION OF AN AUTOMATIC CLUSTERING AND SEGMENTATION TOOL ON METABASITIC ROCK UNITS IN THE SOUTHERN RED SEA HILLS, NE SUDAN Roland Baldin & Harald Haenisch
MULTI-TEMPORAL ERS-1 SAR AND LANDSAT TM DATA FOR AGRICULTURAL CROP CLASSIFICATION: AN ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK APPROACH Yifang Ban, [...]
ANALYSE DIACHRONIQUE DE LA DYNAMIQUE DES MILIEUX NATURELS PAR TÉLÉDÉTECTION SATELLITAIRE Dr. Julian C. Barbalata
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VERY HIGH RESOLUTION MULTI SPECTRAL SENSOR SYSTEMS WITH MULTI STAGE SENSOR SYSTEMS DATA IN FEATURE EXTRACTION FOR MOUNTAINOUS TERRAIN. H. Hugh L. Bloemer, [...] James O. Brumfield, [...] Janette C. Gervin, [...] Joseph A. Langdon, [...] Charles Yuill, [...]
NEW METHODOLOGIES FOR THE INTEGRATION OF MULTISPECTRAL DATA ACQUIRED FROM AERIAL AND SATELLITE PLATFORMS: THE NOVEMBER 1994 FLOOD IN PIEDMONT (ITALY) CASE STUDY P. Boccardo, G. Comoglio - [...]
A REGION-BASED APPROACH TO LAND-USE CLASSIFICATION OF REMOTELY-SENSED IMAGE DATA USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS Steffen Bock
REMOTE SENSING MONITORING OF ESTUARINE WATER FLUXES THROUGH A TIDAL INLET Jarbas Bonetti Filho
THE LOCAL MONITORING SYSTEM "BIOSPHERE TM". Borodin B. F., Mishanin V. G., Shutko A. M.
ROBUST MIXED PIXEL CLASSIFICATION IN REMOTE SENSING P Bosdogianni, M Petrou and J Kittler
STREAMLINED ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION CHARACTERIZATION USING REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUES: CASE STUDIES FOR THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY, OAK RIDGE OPERATIONS David M. Carden, [...] Charles L. Nalezny, [...] John Smyre, [...] Thomas K. Evers, [...] Amy L. King, [...]
THE DETERMINATION OF WATER SURFACE MORPHOLOGY AT RIVER CHANNEL CONFLUENCES USING AUTOMATED DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND THEIR CONSEQUENT USE IN NUMERICAL FLOW MODELLING J. H. Chandler, [...] S. N. Lane and K. S. Richards [...]
A ROBUST ALGORITHM FOR CORRECTING THE TOPOGRAPHIC EFFECT OF SATELLITE IMAGE OVER MOUNTAINOUS TERRAIN C. H. Liu [...] A. J. Chen and G. R. Liu [...]
CLASSIFICATION OF REMOTE SENSING IMAGERY USING AN UNSUPERVISED NEURAL NETWORK C. F. Chen, S. W. Chen, and S. D. Shyn
QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF SHORELINE CHANGES USING MULTI-TEMPORAL SATELLITE IMAGES Liang-Chien Chen [...] and Jiann-Yeou Rau [...]
COMPARISONS OF THREE REMOTELY SENSED DATA ON FOREST CROWN CLOSURE AND TREE VOLUME ESTIMATIONS Kuo-mu Chiao
THE INTEGRATION OF SATELLITE IMAGE AND GIS DATABASE FOR MOUNTAIN AREA LAND USE MONITORING Hsueh-Cheng Chou, [...] Tien-Yin Chou, [...]
Detection and Monitoring of High Economic Return Crop Growth Expanding for Watershed Area at Central Taiwan Tien-Yin Chou , [...] Mei-Ling Yeh, Chih-Heng Liu, [...]
REMOTE SENSING AND GIS-TECHNIQUES FOR THE EVALUATION OF MACROPHYTES IN THE GREIFSWALDER BODDEN Kornelia Christke, [...]
THE MERIT OF JERS-1 DATA IN ADDITION TO ERS-1 DATA FOR LAND COVER MONITORING J. G. P. W. Clevers, H. Kramer, H. J. C. van Leeuwen and D. H. Hoekman
REMOTE SENSING APPLICATIONS ON ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION OF THE BOSPHORUS Gonca (AYDOGDU) COSKUN, Cankut ÖRMECI
MEASUREMENT OF DYNAMIC GEOLOGIC PROCESSES AT SUBPIXEL SCALES Robert E. Crippen, Ronald G. Blom
HIGH-SPECTRAL RESOLUTION REMOTE SENSING FOR MINERAL MAPPING IN THE BODIE AND PARAMOUNT MINING DISTRICTS, CALIFORNIA Alvaro P. Crósta [...] Charles Sabine, James V. Taranik [...]
HIGH RESOLUTION DIGITAL TERRAIN MODELS OF THE BOTTOM OF LAKE FERTÖ (AUSTRIA, HUNGARY) - A HUNGARIAN-AUSTRIAN JOINT PROJECT FOR CREATING CROSS-BORDER DATA BASES FOR ECOSYSTEMS RESEARCH Lászlo Bácsatyai, [...] Elmar Csaplovics, [...] Istvan Márkus, [...] Adele Sindhuber, [...]
CHARACTERIZATION OF DIFFERENT LINEAMENTS TYPES FROM TM-5 LANDSAT IMAGES AND THEIR APPLICATION TO CONTROL OF GOLD-QUARTZ VEINS IN THE PORTO NACIONAL (TO) REGION, BRAZIL Fabio S. e Silva da Cunha, Evandro Gottardo & Adelir J. Strieder
Geologic interpretation of palmyrides Chains, Syria, Using different Remote Sensing Techniques Moutaz Dalati
EINSATZ UND FUSION VON MULTISENSORALEN SATELLITENDATEN ZUR KARTIERUNG DER WALDTYPEN Ali A. Darvishsefat
RADAR DETECTION OF MACROPHYTE STANDS USING L BAND AND C BAND DATA Evlyn M. L.de Moraes Novo [...] Maycira P. F. Costa [...]
DECOMPOSITION OF RADAR POLARISATION SIGNATURES FROM BUILT AND NATURAL TARGETS Y. Dong (Research Associate), B. C. Forster (Professor) and C. Ticehurst (PhD Candidate)
APPLICABILITY OF NEURAL NETWORK ARCHITECTURE BY A FUZZY MODEL TO IDENTIFY NATURAL VEGETATION REGROWTH IN BRAZILIAN AMAZONIA Joao Roberto dos Santos, Adriano Venturieri, Ricardo José Machado, Frederico dos Santos Liporace
INTERACTIVE ANALYSIS OF POLARIMETRIC SIR-C AND LANDSAT-TM DATA FOR THE SPECTRAL AND TEXTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE LAND COVER IN SW AMAZONIA, BRAZIL Joao Roberto dos Santos, Hermann Johann Heinrich Kux, Manfred Keil, Maria Silvia Pardi Lacruz, Dominic R. Scales
FUZZY CLASSIFICATION OF DIGITAL ORTHOPHOTOS FOR SPATIO-TEMPORAL LANDSCAPE MODELLING Wim J. Droesen and A. Peter van Deventer [...] Mark van Til [...]
AN INTEGRATED SYSTEM OF DIGITAL MONOPLOTTING AND DTM MODELLING FOR FORESTRY APPLICATIONS G. Aumann and K. Eder
CLASSIFICATION OF A LANDSAT-TM IMAGE WITH THE SPECTRAL MIXTURE ANALYSIS UNDER THE APPLICATION OF FIELD SPECTROSCOPY Beate Eibl, Heike Bach, Wolfram Mauser
THE ROLE OF GIS & REMOTE SENSING IN RENEWABLE NATURAL RESOURCES OF IRAN BY: Mr. Ali Farzaneh & Mr. Sasan Babaie
GEOPROCESSING TECHNIQUES AND MODELLING APPLIED TO MONITOR EROSION OF TROPICAL SOILS Mario Valerio Filho, Geraldo Jose Lucatelli Araujo Junior
MONITORING FIRE - AFFECTED WILDLANDS IN THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION BY APPLYING A REMOTE SENSING AND GIS APPROACH Heinz Gallaun and Cliff Banninger
DETERMINATION OF FOREST COMMUNITIES IN A TEMPERATE MOUNTAINOUS FOREST USING REMOTELY SENSED AND ANCILLARY DATA OF VARYING SPATIAL RESOLUTION Janette C. Gervin, [...] H. Hugh L. Bloemer, [...] James O. Brumfield, [...] Joseph A. Langdon, [...] and Charles Yuill, [...]
THE VERIFICATION OF 2-D WAVE PARAMETER FROM MARINE RADAR BY IN SITU MEASUREMENT Shintaro Goto, Kiyonori Iisawa, and Masaaki Shikada
DETECTION OF WATER RESERVOIR ON ELMALI DAM OF ISTANBUL USING SPACE TECHNOLOGY Cigdem GOKSEL, Cankut Ormeci
TECTONIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOUTHERN RED SEA HILLS OF SUDAN Evidence from Landsat TM-Mosaic Interpretation Harald Haenisch, Nasir Hasen Kened & Norbert Ott
INTEGRATING GIS AND REMOTE SENSING FOR EVALUATION AND MONITORING OF SIKA DEER HABITAT ON KINKAZAN ISLAND, NORTHERN JAPAN Keitarou Hara and Seiki Takatsuki
PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSES FOR LITHOLOGIC AND ALTERATION MAPPINGS: Examples From The Red Sea Hills, Sudan Nasir Hasen Kenea and Harald Haenisch
GEOMETRICCONSIDERATIONOF IMAGE COMPOSITE FOR VEGETAION MONITORING - NOAA/AVHRR, ADEOS/OCTS, ADEOS-II//GLI - Toshiaki Hashimoto
THERMAL INERTIA MODELLING FOR SOIL MOISTURE ASSESSMENT BASED ON REMOTELY SENSED DATA. Beata Hejmanowska, [...] Stanistaw C. Mularz, [...]
WAVELENGTII, POLARIZATION, AND INCIDENT ANGLE AS VARIABLES IN SETTLEMENT DETECTION WITH SATELLITE SAR IMAGERY Floyd M. Henderson [...] Klaus Herrig [...]
Ground Truth Image Database for Global Scale Research Yoshiaki Honda, Koji Kajiwara and Yoshiaki Kimura
ESTIMATION OF INDIAN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY BASED ON PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY MODEL R. S. Hooda, D. G. Dye and R. Shibasaki
COLOR CORRECTION OF FUSED IMAGES USING COLOR SPACE TRANSFORMATION Tsukasa Hosomura and Kouichi Katou
MULTISENSOR SURVEYS OF NUCLEAR FACILITIES Michael Howard, Larry Tinney, Steve Riedhauser [...] Charles Nalezny [...]
THE USE OF REMOTE SENSING AND GIS IN MONITORING TROPICAL RAIN FOREST Yousif Ali Hussin, Shahzanan R. Shaker, Leo Pantimena
RELATION BETWEEN SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS IN COLOMBO, SRI LANKA AND THE URBAN INDEX ESTIMATED BY SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING DATA Makoto Kawamura, [...] Sanath Jayamanna, [...] Yuji Tsujiko, [...]
GEOLOGIC REMOTE SENSING IN THE THERMAL INFRARED Anne B. Kahle, Andrew D. Morrison [...] H. Tsu [...] Y. Yamaguchi [...]
ANALYSIS OF AN ERS-1 SAR TIME SERIES AND OPTICAL SATELLITE DATA FOR FORESTRY APPLICATIONS IN TEMPERATE ZONES G. Kattenborn, E. Nezry
ATMOSPHERIC PARAMETER ESTIMATION USING THE REFLECTANCE AND POLARIZATION DATA Y. KAWATA AND A. YAMAZAKI
A WINTER COVER CLASSIFICATION OF LOWER NAKDONG RIVER REGION USING JERS-1 OPS DATA Choen Kim
APPLICATION OF REMOTE SENSED DATA FOR STUDYING OF TUNDRA AND TAIGA ECOSYSTEMS TRANSFORMATIONS Dr. Kirsanov A. A. - [...]
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC DELINEATION ACCURACY OF LANDCOVER UNITS Barbara Koch and Petra Adler
EXTRACTION AND MODELLING SPATIAL PARAMETERS IN GROUNDWATER POTENTIAL STUDIES IN A HARD ROCK TERRAIN, SRI LANKA K. A. W. Kodituwakku, [...]
Urban Disaster Preivenition Proiect A feasibility study of regional disaster prevention in the Kobe Government Toshio KOIZUMI [...] Ritsu KATAYAMA [...]
APPLICATION OF REMOTE SENSING TO GEOLOGY AND HYDROLOGY FOR DAMASCUS AREA - SYRIA. Dr. Eng. Hussein. Ibrahim [...] Geol. Marwan Koudmani [...]
CHANGE DETECTION IN URBAN AREAS USING SATELLITE IMAGES AND SPECTRAL MIXTURE ANALYSIS F. Kressler and K. Steinnocher
CHANGE DETECTION USING RELATIVE ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION OF SATELLITE IMAGES AT DIFFERENT TIMES Takashi Kusaka, Takao Kakehi and Masanori Ootuka
A Monte Carlo radiative transfer simulation of rice canopy based on digital stereo photogrammetry Keiji KUSHIDA and Kunihiko YOSHINO
EVALUATION OF SIR-C/X-SAR DATA FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF GEOMORPHOLOGY AND SOIL MAPS IN ACRE STATE, BRAZIL Hermann J. H. Kux, Joao Roberto dos Santos, Manfred Keil, Dominic R. Scales
USING LANDSAT THEMATIC MAPPER DATA TO DETECT AND MAP VEGETATION CHANGES IN KUWAIT Andy Yaw Kwarteng and Dhari Al-Ajmi
SPATIO-TEMPORAL VARIABILITY OF PHYTOPLANKTON PIGMENTS IN THE GULF OF ST. LAWRENCE AS MEASURED BY CZCS Pierre Larouchel, César Fuentes-Yaco and Alain F. Vézina
SOME RESULTS OF TESTING AND APPLICATION OF MICROWAVE REMOTE SENSING METHODS FOR ESTIMATION OF GROUNDS AND WATERS STATE Dr. B. M. Liberman, [...] Dr. A. G. Grankov, [...] A. A. Milshin, [...] Dr. V. S. Dragun, [...] Dr. A. A.Kovalev, [...] Dr. V. I.Melnik, [...] Dr. S. v.Braun, [...]
APPLICATION OF MOMS-02 DATA FOR ANALYSIS OF SAND DUNE FORMS AND THEIR DEVELOPMENT Adam Linsenbarth
EVALUATION OF A GIS RULE-BASED MODEL TO MAP FORESTED WETLANDS IN MAINE By Wen-Shu Liou; Steven A. Sader
GIS ANALYSIS OF INTEGRATED LANDSAT-TM, TOPOGRAPHIC, GEOLOGIC AND GEOPHYSICAL DATA SETS OF THE BASEMENT AREA OF THE RED SEA HILLS, SUDAN FRANZ K. LIST & NORBERT OTT
INTEGRATION OF LANDSAT THEMATIC MAPPER (TM) DATA AND U.S. CENSUS DATA FOR QUALITY OF LIFE ASSESSMENT C. P. Lo
MOUNT PINATUBO LAHAR DAMAGE ASSESSMENT USING ERS-1 SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR DATA Epifanio Lopez, Jean Chorowicz, Jean-François Parrot, Ernesto Corpuz, Randy John Vinluan, Fredy Garcia
The Cape Frio Upwelling effect over the South Brazil Bight northern sector shelf waters: a study using AVHRR images Joao A. Lorenzzetti and Salvador A. Gaeta
ESTIMATION OF HEAVY METAL AND RADIONUCLIDE CONTAMINATION OF SOILS AND VEGETATION WITHIN THE CHERNOBYL DANGER ZONE USING REMOTE SENSING DATA V. I. Lyalko, V. Yu. Djary, A. I. Sakhatsky, A. J. Hodorovsky, L. D. Woolfson, Z. B. Shportjuk, O. N. Sibirtseva [...] G. L. Gimel'farb [...] K.-H. Marek, S. Oppitz [...] V. llieva [...]
RICE HECTEREGE ESTIMATION / CULTIVATION MAPPING USING REMOTELY SENSED DATA AND GIS FACILITIES Alireza Dehghan [...] Alireza Majd [...]
REMOTE SENSING APPLICATION IN A SPECIALLY PROTECTED AREA (SMALL PARADISE) IN TURKEY Derya Maktav, Filiz Sunar, Sedat Kapdaslı, Nebiye Musaoglu
TRUE COLOUR VISUALIZATION OF COLOUR INFRARED AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS Reinfried Mansberger, Wolfgang Rieger
DEPICTING THE HEADWATERS OF THE AMAZON RIVER THROUGH THE USE OF REMOTE SENSING DATA Paulo Roberto Martini, Jose Wagner Garcia
VISIBLE, INFRARED AND SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR DATA FOR DETECTING ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES: THE PANAMAZONIA PROJECT Paulo Roberto Martini
ANALYSING AN ATM-SCANNER FLIGHT OVER THE CITY OF DRESDEN TO IDENTIFY URBAN SEALING Gotthard Meinel, Maik Netzband, Volker Amann, Rolf Stätter, Georg Kritikos
IN SITU BRDF MEASUREMENTS OF SELECTED SURFACE MATERIALS TO IMPROVE ANALYSIS OF REMOTELY SENSED MULTISPECTRAL IMAGERY Gerhard Meister, Rafael Wiemker, Johann Bienlein, Hartwig Spitzer
DEVELOPMENT OF A MONITORING SYSTEM INTEGRATED AIRBORNE VIDEOGRAPHY AND GPS Masumi Mizukami, Yoshimasa Moriyama, Nobuyuki Mizutani, Kouji Satou
AN APPROACH TO ADVANCED ECOSYSTEM MODELING USING VECTOR AND RASTER DATA Stanley A. Morain [...] and Amelia Budge [...]
EXTRACTION OF DAMAGED AREAS OF FALLEN TREES BY TYPHOONS USING LANDSAT TM DATA Yukio Mukai, Izumi Hasegawa
CHANGES IN RURAL AREAS OF NORTHEAST THAILAND IN THE LATTER HALF OF THE 1980S AS SEEN THROUGH THE NORTHEAST THAILAND VILLAGE INFORMATION SYSTEM NAGATA Yoshikatsu
EVOLUTION DE L’OCCUPATION DES SOLS ENTRE 1984 ET 1993, SUR LE DOMAINE HAGUENAU-KARLSRUHE, A PARTIR DE DONNEES LANDSAT-TM Tania Neusch
STUDY OF AQUATIC VEGETATION IN TUCURUÍ RESERVOIR (BRAZIL) USING AIRBORNE SAR-C MULTIPOLARIZATION DATA. Mauricio Almeida Noernberg
IMPROVED CLASSIFICATION OF SPOT MULTI-SPECTRAL IMAGES FOR LAND-COVER TYPES EVALUATION ASSISTED BY DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL (DEM) AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS, A CASE STUDY Saeid Noori Bushehri and Nooshin Khorsandian
COMPARISON OF STATISTICAL METHODS AND NEURAL NETWORKS IN A POST-OBJECT CLASSIFICATION FOR FORESTRY REGISTRATION Bobo Nordahl, [...]
LAND DEGRADATION RISK MAPPING USING NOAA NDVI DATA Shiro OCHI and Shunji MURAI
LOW COST REMOTE SENSING INVESTIGATIONS OF A WASTE DUMP NEAR ZAGREB Marinko Oluic [...] Manfred F. Buchroithner [...]
APLICATION OF REMOTE SENSING AND GIS TO COMPILE AND UPDATE SOIL MAPS AT THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AREA - APA OF GUARATUBA - PR - BRAZIL Prof. Dr. Helio Olympio da Rocha, Prof. Ass. and Student Dirley Schmidlin
INTEGRATION OF SPOT AND SAR-ERS IMAGERIES WITH OTHER TYPES OF AERO-SATELLITE AND TERRAIN DATA, FOR STUDIES ON THE DANUBE DELTA, AND THE CONTINENTAL PLATFORM OF THE BLACK SEA. Nicolaie OPRESCU, Cora BRÄESCU, Manuel VAIS
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING IN CENTRAL DALMATIA Vincent Gaffney
PROBLEMS OF REMOTE DIAGNOSTICS OF MINERAL OIL IN SEA WATER: OIL FILMS AND OIL DISPERSED IN THE WATER BODY Svetlana V. Patsayeva
CONTINUOUS CLASSIFICATION OF NATURAL VEGETATION IN A MEDITERRANEAN ECOSYSTEM BY LINEAR UNMIXING METHODS APPLIED TO MULTITEMPORAL TM DATA. A. Canesi, G. Pennati [...] A. Galli [...] M. D'Angelo [...] R. Ambrogi [...]
INTEGRATION OF LANDSAT TM DATA AND DEM-DERIVED SPATIAL MODELS TO INVESTIGATE A MACRO-SCALE SHEAR ZONE IN LESVOS ISLAND (GREECE) Poscolieri M., Serelis K., Parcharidis I.
FOREST FIRE DETECTION WITH SATELLITES FOR FIRE CONTROL Yrjö Rauste
Vergleich verschiedener Methoden zur Bestimmung der Oberflächenbeschreibung besiedelter Gebiete für die Modellierung des Schmutzeintrags in das Abwasserkanalnetz Konrad Ringle, Manfred Sties
THE GLOBAL RAIN FOREST MAPPING PROJECT BY JERS-1 SAR Ake Rosenqvist
APPLICATIONS OF THE BRAZILIAN REMOTE SENSING SATELLITE (SSR) TO MONITOR THE AMAZON REGION Bernardo F. T. Rudorff, José C. Epiphanio, Yosio E. Shimabukuro, Thelma Krug, Himilcon C. Carvalho
Forest Classification of Multitemporal Mosaicked Satellite Images U. Schmitt and G. S. Ruppert
COUVERTS NUAGEUX EN DOMAINE TROPICAL ET TELEDETECTION DE CULTURES D'HEVEAS DANS LE SUD DE LA THAILANDE. SELLERON Gilles et PANAPITUKKUL Nipa
REMOTE SENSING FOR CHARACTERIZING AND MONITORING OF HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES- CASE STUDIES IN CANADA AND GERMANY Vern Singhroy [...] Fredrick Kuhn [...]
EXPERIENCE WITH ENVIRONMENT MONITORING OF CRACOW REGION (POLAND) BASED ON GIS Zbigniew Sitek
CROP AREA ESTIMATES USING ERS-1 SAR DATA Gerhard Smiatek
Automatic Approach to Detect Ice Sheet Margin Using ERS-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery Hong-Gyoo Sohn and Kenneth C. Jezek
INTERPRETATION OF AIRVIEWS AND SATELLITE IMAGES: MORE POTENTIALITIES FOUND Valentina B. Sokolova, [...] Vladimir V. Proskuryakov, [...]
REMOTE SENSING STRATEGIES IN MINERAL EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT: THE PRECIOUS METAL AND PORPHYRY DEPOSIT MODELS David M. Spatz
A MESOSCALE BRAZIL CURRENT FRONTAL EDDY OBSERVED THROUGH AVHRR IMAGES AND CURRENT METER MOORINGS José L. Stech, Joao A. Lorenzzetti, José M. C. de Souza and Carlos E. S. Araujo
Comparison of Surface Layer Currents Determined by Satellite Tracked Drifters and in situ Anchored Current Meters off Southeast Brazil Merritt R. Stevenson and Belmiro Mendes de Castro Filho
MODELLING SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX IN MOUNTAINOUS AREAS WITH HIGH RESOLUTION TERRAIN PARAMETERS DERIVED FROM LANDSAT-TM DATA Dipl. Geogr./Hydol. Jürgen Storl
GIS TECHNOLOGY OF USING REMOTE SURVEYING MATERIALS IN COMPILATION OF GEOLOGICAL MAPS Sergei l. Strelnikov [...] Eugeny V. Kuznetsov, Vladimir l. Zacharov [...]
DESIGN OF AGRICULTURAL DISASTER EVALUATION SYSTEM BASED ON GIS, SIMULATION AND EXPERT-SYSTEM TECHNIQUES Zhu Zesheng, Sun Ling
ASSESSMENT OF MULTI-TEMPORAL LAND USE / COVER CHANGES USING REMOTELY SENSED IMAGERY, A CASE STUDY: TUZLA REGION IN ISTANBUL, TURKEY Filiz SUNAR, Cankut ÖRMECI, Sinasi KAYA, Nebiye MUSAOGLU
MONITORING OF LAND COVER CONDITIONS IN PADDY FIELDS USING MULTITEMPORAL SAR DATA Shoji Takeuchi, Mitsunori Yoshimura and Rasamee Suwanwerakamtorn
REMOTE SENSING FOR GEOLOGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES, AN ASSESSMENT OF TOOLS FOR GEOSCIENTISTS IN THE FUTURE A Review of ISPRS Working Group VII/4 Activities for the XVIII ISPRS Congress, Vienna, 1996 Dr. James V. Taranik, [...] Dr. Alvaro P. Crosta, [...]
LAND USE AND LAND COVER MAPPING IN PARAIBA-CNPQ PROJECT THE APPLICATION OF REMOTE SENSING TECHNOLOGY. Harendra S.Teotia, Klaus A. Ulbricht, Daniel L. Civco
SEISMIC RISK ANALYSIS IN SOUTHWEST-GERMANY Based on Satellite RADAR - DATA Barbara Theilen-Willige
USING BACKSCATTER FROM RADAR IMAGES FOR CLASSIFYING AND DETERMINING THE BULK DENSITY OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT Catherine Ticehurst (Ph.D student), Bruce Forster (Professor) & Yunhan Dong (Research Assistant)
SELECTIVE RESONANCE EXCITATION IN REMOTE LASER SPARK SPECTROSCOPY Tsipenyuk D. Yu.
GEOLOGIC PROSPECTING FOR MINERAL EXPLORATION IN THE TROODOS OPHIOLITE MASSIF OF CYPRUS USING LANDSAT TM DATA Freek van der Meer
THE SYNERGISTIC USE OF REMOTELY SENSED DATA FOR THE DETECTION OF UNDERGROUND COAL FIRES John L. van Genderen, Craig J. S. Cassells, Zhang Xiangmin
RADIOMETRIC CORRECTION OF MULTITEMPORAL LANDSAT TM DATA FOR DETECTING RAPID CHANGES IN MINERAL SOIL FOREST LAND Jari Varjo, [...]
DATA FUSION IN URBAN CARTOGRAPHY Oscar Ricardo Vergara, Ana Lúcia Bezerra Candeias, Maria de Lourdes N. de O. Kurkdjian
THE USE OF REMOTE SENSING AND GIS TECHNIQUES IN AGRICULTURAL APPLICATIONS Dr. E. Vozikis, V. Printzios, V. Pagounis
DETECTION OF PERIODIC CLIMATE ANOMALIES OVER GREENLAND WITH MICROWAVE RADIOMETERS Wolfgang Wagner, Per Gloersen
EVALUATION OF LINEAMENT DETECTION ALGORITHMS USING MULTI-BAND REMOTE SENSING IMAGES Jinfei Wang
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Colour Pages
Appendix: Authors and Co-authors Index Volume XXXI, Part B7 - ISPRS Commission VII
Appendix: Keywords Index Volume XXXI, Part B7 - ISPRS Commission VII
Cover

Full text

FOREST FIRE DETECTION WITH SATELLITES FOR FIRE CONTROL
Yrjö Rauste
VTT Automation
Finland
Yrjo.Rauste@vtt.fi
Commision VII, Working Group 3
KEY WORDS: Forestry, Automation, Temperature, Real-time, Thermal, Wild-fire, AVHRR
ABSTRACT
A prototype software has been developed for automatic detection of forest fires using NOAA AVHRR (Advanced Very High
Resolution Radiometer) data. Fire detection is based on mid-infrared data (band 3 of AVHRR, 3.5 um). Bands 2 (near
infrared) and 4 (thermal infrared) are also used in the fire detection algorithm.
In an experiment in 1994, all six detected fires that were in areas where verification was possible were real fires. In 1995, at
least 17 out of 19 verified cases were high temperature targets. Three cases were industrial sites that can be excluded based on
their known location. This shows that satellite based detection of forest fires has potential for fire control purposes provided
that the supply of mid-infrared satellite data in day time is frequent.
1 INTRODUCTION
Satellite based wild fire detection has proven a viable tool
in collecting statistical information on the emission of green-
house gases in the past (see e.g. Setzer and Pereira, 1991).
The characteristics of the NOAA series of meteorological
satellites make it possible also to collect near real-time in-
formation in support of fire control activities (Flannigan and
Vonder Haar, 1986).
Forest fires is one of the most frequent type of natural haz-
ards in Finland. The Finnish Ministry of the Interior, VTT
Automation, and the Finnish Meteorological Institute started
a project to develop a prototype system for forest fire detec-
tion as a Finnish initiative in the context of the International
Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR) as declared
by the United Nations. The system is based on meteorologi-
cal satellite data. The real-time fire detection is done for fire
control purposes.
Many of the NOAA AVHRR -based fire detection studies con-
centrate on tropical areas (e.g. Kennedy et a/ 1994). In
tropical areas, surfaces with no vegetation such as deserts
or mountains usually warm so much in the afternoon hours
that the band-3 signal in AVHRR becomes saturated. In the
Boreal forest zone this phenomenon does not occur and there-
fore there is one possible error source less than in the tropical
areas or in the Mediterranean basin (e.g. lllera et al 1994 and
Gonzalez Alonso & Casanova Roque 1994).
Most fire detection algorithms make use of data in bands 3
and 4 of the AVHRR sensor. One fire detection algorithm —
based on the algorithm published by Kaufman et al (1990)
- is proposed by Kennedy et a/ (1994): (/) Bt: > 320 K,
(ii) Bts minus Bt4 7 15 K, (iij) Bt4 > 295 K, and (iv) ToA
reflectance in band 2 < 16 per cent where Bt; = brightness
temperature in band ? and ToA = Top of the atmosphere.
2 SATELLITE DATA SUPPLY
NOAA AVHRR data are received by the receiving station op-
erated by the Finnish Meteorological Institute. Of the five
wavelength bands present in the AVHRR sensor, three are
used in the fire detection system: band 2 (reflected infrared),
band 3 (middle infrared), and band 4 (thermal infrared). The
receiving station system extracts a sub-scene of 1024 lines by
584
1024 pixels from each satellite pass, which can be over 5000
lines by 2048 columns. The sub-scene is extracted in such
a way that its centre point coincides with the centre of the
defined monitoring area.
The extracted (3-band) sub-scene - together with the associ-
ated timing and calibration data — is then automatically sent
to the computer where the fire detection system runs via a
digital network. The fire detection system scans the direc-
tory of incoming image data at regular intervals. Every time
it notices a new data set in this directory it starts a processing
chain to find fires in the data set.
3 TRANSFORMATION OF NOAA AVHRR DATA
INTO FIRE INFORMATION
An overview of the derivation of fire information from NOAA
AVHRR data is shown in figure 1.
3.1 Pre-Processing of NOAA AVHRR Data
Location of a detected fire is of utmost importance if the fires
are detected for fire control activities. The NOAA AVHRR
data are therefore geo-coded before the fire detection. Geo-
coding is based on predicted orbit data.
Orbit telexes are received for satellites used once per day
(usually two to three days before the day of validity of the
telex). The orbit telexes are archived in the fire detection
system. Each time a new data set is fed into the system, the
most recent orbit telex of the satellite in question is used.
Many times the image reception from satellites is not per-
fect but the signal deteriorates during the tracking of the
satellite so that the data stream consists of random numbers
instead of data measured by the AVHRR sensor. These re-
ception errors are usually in blocks of one to ten consecutive
scan lines. The fire detection system checks the incoming
data set (by computing line averages for all three spectral
bands) and marks all lines where at least one of the three
line averages deviates from the scene average by more than a
pre-selected threshold. The detected reception-error lines are
then excluded from further processing.
Interpolation grids are used in image geo-coding. The geo
locations for a grid (approximately every 30th line and every
30th column) are computed based on the orbital data and
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXI, Part B7. Vienna 1996

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