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Resource and environmental monitoring

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Copyright

CC BY: Attribution 4.0 International. You can find more information here.

Bibliographic data

fullscreen: Resource and environmental monitoring

Monograph

Persistent identifier:
1669065049
Title:
Resource and environmental monitoring
Sub title:
September 1 - 4, 1998, Budapest, Hungary ; ISPRS Commission VII symposium
Scope:
XV, 818 Seiten, 15 ungezählte Seiten mit Bildtafeln
Year of publication:
1998
Place of publication:
Coventry
Publisher of the original:
RICS Books
Identifier (digital):
1669065049
Illustration:
Illustrationen, Diagramme
Signature of the source:
ZS 312(32,7)
Language:
English
Usage licence:
Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
Corporations:
ISPRS Commission VII Symposium Resource and environmental monitoring, 1998, Budapest
International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission of Resource and Environmental Monitoring
Hungarian Society for Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing
Adapter:
ISPRS Commission VII Symposium Resource and environmental monitoring, 1998, Budapest
International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission of Resource and Environmental Monitoring
Hungarian Society for Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing
Founder of work:
ISPRS Commission VII Symposium Resource and environmental monitoring, 1998, Budapest
International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission of Resource and Environmental Monitoring
Hungarian Society for Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing
Other corporate:
ISPRS Commission VII Symposium Resource and environmental monitoring, 1998, Budapest
International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission of Resource and Environmental Monitoring
Hungarian Society for Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing
Publisher of the digital copy:
Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover
Place of publication of the digital copy:
Hannover
Year of publication of the original:
2019
Document type:
Monograph
Collection:
Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:
SPECIAL SESSION
Document type:
Monograph
Structure type:
Chapter

Chapter

Title:
A EUROPEAN PROPOSAL FOR TERMS OF REFERENCE IN DATA FUSION L. Wald
Document type:
Monograph
Structure type:
Chapter

Contents

Table of contents

  • Resource and environmental monitoring
  • Cover
  • ColorChart
  • Title page
  • Title page
  • ISPRS COUNCIL (1996 - 2000)
  • International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Volume XXXII, Part 7
  • Technical Commission VII Resource and Environmental Monitoring
  • For Sale after the Symposium
  • ISPRS TECHNICAL COMMISSIONS (1996-2000)
  • ISPRS COMMISSION VII SYMPOSIUM SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM COMMITTEE
  • ISPRS COMMISSION VII SYMPOSIUM LOCAL ORGANISING COMMITTEE
  • RAPPORTEURS / ADVISORY BOARD MEMBERS
  • INVITED PATRONS, COOPERATING AN D SUPPORTING ORGANIZATIONS
  • Foreword
  • Table of Contents
  • Working Group 1 FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS AND MODELING
  • A TEST TO DETERMINE THE GEOMETRIC ACCURACY OF THE DIAL STATION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALABRIA G. Artese, V. Achilli, C. Bellecci, A. Vettore
  • A GLOBAL TOPOGRAPHIC NORMALISATION ALGORITHM FOR SATELLITE IMAGES Josef Jansa, [...]
  • DETECTION AND CORRECTION METHOD OF ATTITUDE FLUCTUATION OF SATELLITE AND S/N IMPROVEMENT USING MULTIPLE LINERAR ARRAY CCD Riichi Nagura, Ryouichi Sakaguchi
  • STREO MATCHING ALGORITHM USING NEURAL NETWORK BASED ON HOPFIELD MODEL Riichi Nagura, Nobuyuki Matsui, Teppei Ogiyama
  • APEX - AIRBORNE PRISM EXPERIMENT: AN AIRBORNE IMAGING SPECTROMETER SERVING AS A PRECURSOR INSTRUMENT OF THE FUTURE ESA LAND SURFACE PROCESSES INTERACTIONS MISSION Michael E. Schaepman and Klaus I. Itten
  • THE USE OF HYPERSPECTRAL DATA FOR PRECISION FARMING K. Staenz, J.-C. Deguise, J. M. Chen, H. McNairn, and R. J. Brown [...] T. Szeredi [...] M. McGovern [...]
  • ESTIMATION OF SURFACE REFLECTION PARAMETERS OVER LAND USING LINEAR POLARIZATION DATA BY ADEOS / POLDER Kazuya Takemata and Yoshiyuki Kawata
  • AIRBORNE REMOTE SENSING EXPERIENCES WITH DIRECT PLATFORM ORIENTATION Charles K. Toth
  • Working Group 2 APPLICATION OF REMOTE SENSING AND GIS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
  • USING GIS AND REMOTE SENSING IN LAND COVER MONITORING Kiira Aaviksoo, Andrus Meiner
  • REMOTE SENSING APPLICATIONS FOR CHANGE DETECTION IN THE COASTAL REGION OF THE NILE DELTA, EGYPT Abdel Rahman, S. I.; and M. A. Yehia
  • METHOD TO MONITOR AND QUANTIFY THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF EUROPEAN AGRICULTURE E. A. Addink
  • MULTISENSORAL AND MULTITEMPORAL REMOTE SENSING OF ECOLOGICAL DAMAGE CAUSED BY OPEN-CAST LIGNITE MINING IN CENTRAL GERMANY Jens Birger, Cornelia Glaesser, Bernd Herrmann and Sabine Tischew
  • Remote Sensing and Urban Statistics: ‚Delimitation of the Urban Agglomeration of Budapest - Test of Delineating Enumeration Districts in the Zugló District (Budapest) Biró, M., Petrik, O., Winkler, P. [...] Faluvégi, A. [...]
  • The use of combined ELECTRE multicriteria methods and raster GIS for the spatial decision support. H. Daoud Brikci, A. Mendas & M. A. Trache
  • THE CONTRIBUTION OF REMOTE SENSING AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN THE PREDICTION OF WATER RISING AND FLOODING FIELD Mohamed CHIKH
  • TOWARDS IMPROVED REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUES FOR AGRICULTURAL LAND COVER MONITORING IN RUSSIA J. G. P. W. Clevers [...] C. A. Mücher [...] N. M. Vandysheva, S. V. Filonov, G. A. Zhukova [...]
  • STANDARDIZED MONITORING OF REGIONAL SCALE LANDCOVER CHANGE IN SAHELIAN AFRICA - THE REMOTE SENSING AND GIS APPROACH Elmar Csaplovics, Sigrid Hess, [...]
  • REMOTE SENSING BASED CROP MONITORING IN HUNGARY G. Csornai, Cs. Wirnhardt, Zs. Suba, P. Somogyi, G. Nádor,' dr. L. Martinovich, L. Tikász, A. Kocsis., B. Tarcsai, Gy. Zelei
  • APPLICATION OF REMOTE SENSING AND GIS ANALYSES FOR WATER AND SOLUTE TRANSPORT MODELLING Wolfgang-Albert Flügel, Bettina Müschen
  • INTEGRATION OF VARIOUS TYPES OF REMOTE SENSING DATA FOR THE MORAVA RIVER CATCHMENT EVALUATION Lena Halounová
  • MULTITEMPORAL REMOTE SENSING FOR ASSESSMENT OF LAKE BIOPRODUCTION IN RELATION TO INFLUENCING FACTORS Kerstin Munier, Sigrid Roessner, Sabine Thiemann; [...]
  • ACCESSIBILITY OF GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION IN THE STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA Zsolt Nagy, [...]
  • MONITORING OF LAND USE AND CROP GROWTH CONDITIONS IN EUROPE G. J. A. Nieuwenhuis, C. A. Mücher and A. J. W de Wit
  • AN ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING SYSTEM FOR THE LUSATIAN BROWN COAL MINING INDUSTRY IN EAST GERMANY M. Pilarski, S. Oppitz
  • REMOTE SENSING AND GIS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: AN OVERVIEW D. P. Rao
  • APPLICATION OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY, REMOTE SENSING AND GIS TECHNOLOGY AND EMPLOYMENT OF GeoSET SYSTEM IN BIEBRZA NATIONAL PARK Jerzy C. Saczuk
  • FOREST FIRE MONITORING AND DAMAGE ASSESSMENT IN MEDITERRANEAN LANDSCAPES THROUGH THE INTEGRATION OF REMOTE SENSING AND GIS TECHNIQUES Jesús San Miguel-Ayanz, Alessandro Annoni, Guido Schmuck, Jean Meyer-Roux
  • Estimating erosion rates of tropical shorelines from RADARSAT-1 Vern Singhroy [...] Marx Barbosa [...]
  • ALLOCATION OF SOIL RECLAIMING MATERIAL BASED ON DIGITAL PROCESSING OF AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH T. Tóth, L. Pásztor, M. Kertész, B. Zágoni and Zs. Bakacsi
  • APPLICATION OF REMOTE SENSING DATA FOR THE FLOOD INFORMATION MANAGEMENT OF THE ODER RIVER REGION H. Weichelt, K.-H. Marek, R. Griesbach
  • RURAL LAND USE MONITORING INFORMATION MODELING Zhu Zesheng, Sun Ling, Guan Hengshen
  • Working Group 3 APPLICATION OF HIGH RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGERY
  • ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING IN THE HIGH ARCTIC USING DIFFERENT TYPES OF HIGH-RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGERY Gerhard Brandstätter [...] Aleksey Sharov [...]
  • HIGH-RESOLUTION SPACE IMAGERY FOR REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING - STATUS QUO AND FUTURE TRENDS Elmar Csaplovics, [...]
  • A STUDY OF METROPOLITAN AREAS IN BRAZIL: A MODELLING USING GIS AND REMOTE SENSING TECHNOLOGIES Sandra Maria Fonseca da Costa, Jorge Pimentel Cintra
  • FOREST MAPPING BY MEANS OF DIGITAL LANDSAT-TM DATA Ali A. Darvishsefat
  • Study of Sealed Surfaces and Diurnal Temperature Variations in Urban Environments with Airborne Scanner Data Ramon Franck, Boris Prinz, Rafael Wiemker, Hartwig Spitzer
  • THE METHOD OF GARBAGE REPOSITORY DETECTION AND CONTROL Ivana Javorovic, Toni Kovac, Boris Smiljanic
  • INTEGRATING LANDSAT TM IMAGERIES AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS FOR URBAN BIOTOPES MAPPING Vladimir Kusan & Renata Pernar [...] Ivan Landek [...]
  • FEATURES AND THEMES OVERVIEW OF FEATURE EXTRACTION AND SPECTRAL CLASSIFICATION AND THE IMPACT OF HIGH SPATIAL RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGE DATA Lihua Li & Bruce C. Forster
  • THE POTENTIAL USE OF NEW HIGH RESOLUTION SATELLITE DATA FOR URBAN AND REGIONAL PLANNING Gotthard Meinel, Regin Lippold, Maik Netzband
  • A PERSPECTIVE PLAN FOR Ahmedabad Urban Development Authority Area - 2011 Remote Sensing and GIS Based Approach S. K. Pathan, R. J. Bhanderi, A. S. Arya and R. R. Navalgund [...] and N. M. Bhavsar, Pinakin P Desai, K. J. Gajjar, Bipin S Aggarwal and M. M. Bhowmik
  • MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS IN ALPINE REGIONS BY MEANS OF SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING Mathias Schardt, Heinz Gallaun, Ursula Schmitt, Klaus Granica [...] Thomas Häusler
  • Multi-spectral and Multi-resolution Images for Updating Topographic Data Adele Sindhuber, Josef Jansa
  • RESEARCH ON LAND USE CHANGE OF URUMQI CITY IN RECENT YEARS USING REMOTE SENSING APPROACH Tashpolat Tiyip, Yalkun Tash
  • ACCURACY ASSESSMENT OF VEGETATION MONITORING WITH HIGH SPATIAL RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGERY RAFAEL WIEMKER, BORIS PRINZ, GERHARD MEISTER, RAMON FRANCK, HARTWIG SPITZER
  • THE USE OF REMOTE SENSING FOR AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS. Djaffar YOUSFI
  • INVESTIGATION OF DEGRADED GRASSLAND USING REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUES INJIANSHE TOWNSHIP AREA, GUOLUO PREFECTURE, QINGHAI PROVINCE, CHINA Genong Yu, Huamao Zhou, Liangxiu Zen, Hongju Zhan, Jun Tu, Dingchang Liu, Yafeng Zhong [...] Nicholas Hodgson [...] Dejun Shi [...]
  • Working Group 4 AUTOMATED IMAGE INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS
  • IMPROVEMENT OF THE HEIGHT MEASUREMENT ACCURACY FOR THE STEROSCOPIC IMAGES INCLUDING RANDOM NOISE Kazutaka Adachi, Riichi Nagura
  • REMOVING STRUCTURAL CLUTTER FROM LAND-COVER CLASSIFICATIONS OF VERY HIGH SPATIAL RESOLUTION IMAGES USING REFLEXIVE-MAPPING TECHNIQUES Stuart Barr and Mike Barnsley
  • THEMATIC CLASSIFICATION OF LANDSAT TM IMAGERY BY A NEURO FUZZY METHOD Árpád Barsi
  • Mixed pixels problems and multisource classification for snow layer detection Alessandra Colombo
  • MULTISENSOR DATA FUSION FOR AUTOMATIC SCENE INTERPRETATION Bea Csathó [...] Toni Schenk [...]
  • TOPOGRAPHIC NORMALISATION OR APPLICATION OF GEO-SPATIAL RELATIONS FOR IMPROVED LAND COVER CLASSIFICATION IN THE ALORA AREA (SPAIN)? G. F. Epema, W. G. Wielemaker
  • MONITORING HIGH MOUNTAIN SNOWCOVER USING DATA FUSION TECHNIQUES Harold HAEFNER and Jens PIESBERGEN
  • Computer-assisted recognition of Olive trees in digital imagery Simon Kay, Olivier Léo, Steve Peedell, [...] Giovanna Giardino, [...]
  • MULTISCALE IMAGES IN FORESTRY Király, Géza
  • DETECTING AND DESCRIBING LANDSCAPE STRUCTURES IN THE PALATINE NATURE PARK USING REMOTE SENSING Prof. Dr. Barbara Koch, Ulrich v. Werder
  • MULTISPECTRAL CLASSIFICATION OF LANDSAT TM IMAGES BY NEURAL NETWORKS Ivica Marcic [...] Vladimir Kusan [...]
  • ASSESMENT OF THEMATIC MAPPER IMAGERY FOR DESERTIFICATION IN THE PUNA REGION (ARGENTINA) Ing. Stella Maris Navone Ms.Sc
  • POTENCIALITIES OF USING TEXTURE MEASURES FOR MAPPING LAND USE DYNAMICS BASED ON RADAR IMAGERY Milton Cezar Ribeiro, Diogenes Salas Alves, Joào Vianei Soares, Corina C. F. Yanasse, Fernando Mitsuo li
  • Working Group 5 GLOBAL MONITORING
  • LAND COVER CHANGE DETECTION BY POST-CLASSIFYING FOR MULTI-TEMPORAL LANDSAT TM DATA CHEN Xiuwan [...] Shintaro GOTO [...] Chung-Hyun AHN [...]
  • GLOBAL 1 KM INVENTORY OF HUMAN SETTLEMENTS DERIVED FROM DMSP-OLS DATA Christopher Elvidge [...] Kimberly E. Baugh [...]
  • A MULTI-SENSOR ASSESSMENT OF URBAN HEAT-ISLANDS: A CASE STUDY Kevin P. Gallo, [...] Timothy W. Owen, [...] Kimberly E. Baugh, [...] Christopher D. Elvidge, [...]
  • Analysis of Human Impact on Global Environmental Change through LUC from the View Point of Food Productivity and CO2 Emission by Assimilating GIS and Socio-econimical Data to System Dynamics Model Shintaro Goto, Toshikazu Sakai and Makoto Nakano
  • NEARSHORE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT USING WEB- GIS FOR THE NAKHODKA OIL-SPILL DISASTER IN 1997 Shintaro Goto, Hayato Oyama and Masaaki Shikada
  • ASSIMILATION OF AVHRR, GROUND WAVE RADAR AND RADARSAT SAR DATA INTO A COASTAL CIRCULATION AND OIL SPILL MODELLING SYSTEM Donald O. Hodgins
  • THE USE OF GAIN CONTROLLED DMSP/OLS DATA TO MAP URBAN/SUBURBAN AND INDUSTRIAL LAND CONVERSION IN THE UNITED STATES Imhoff, M. L. - [...] W. Lawrence and D. Stutzer - [...] G. Petersen, and E. Nizeyimana - [...] and C. Elvidge, [...]
  • THE USE OF REMOTE SENSING FOR THE GLOBAL MONITORING OF THE HUMAN ENTERPRISE: THE CIESIN EXPERIENCE Gary E. Johnson, Ph.D.
  • THE IDENTIFICATION OF YELLOW SAND DUST ON SATELLITE-LEVEL DATA OVER EAST ASIA USING LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT MODELS AND POLARIZATION MEASUREMENTS T. Kusaka, T. Ema and N. Murata
  • POPULATION GROWTH AND LAND COVER CHANGE IN EGYPT: EVALUATING THE UTILITY OF ARCHIVAL AND RECENT DMSP/OLS DATA SETS FOR URBANIZATION STUDIES Lawrence, William T., [...] Marc L. Imhoff, [...] David Stutzer, [...] and Norman Kerle, [...]
  • Land use change from the point of supply and demand structure for food in Asia Kanichiro Matsumura and Yasuto Nakamura
  • DMSP/OLS IMAGERY TO ESTIMATE POPULATION Mikiyasu Nakayama
  • AN ASSESSMENT OF SOIL PRODUCTIVITY LOSS DUE TO URBANIZATION IN PENNSYLVANIA, U.S. Egide Nizcyimana and G. W. Petersen [...] M. L. Imhoff, [...] W. T. Lawrence, [...]
  • A STUDY ON EVALUATION OF WORLD AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY USING SATELLITE DATA AND GIS Shiro OCHI, Ryosuke SHIBASAKI, Atsushi HIRAKOBA
  • A GIS-BASED INTEGRATED LAND USE/COVER CHANGE MODEL FOR THAILAND K S Rajan and Ryosuke Shibasaki
  • NASA'S LANDSAT PATHFINDER HUMID TROPICAL FOREST PROJECT William Salas [...] Dave Skole and Walter Chomentowski [...] John Townshend and Vivre Bell [...] Chris Justice [...] and C. J. Tucker [...]
  • Global Mapping Project - Technical Challenges and Perspectives in the Future - Tsuneo Tanaka, Kosei Otoi, Hiroshi Masaharu, Hiromichi Maruyama, Yoshikazu Fukushima
  • GLOBAL/CONTINENTAL LAND COVER MONITORING Ryutaro Tateishi, Masayuki Matsuoka, Wen Cheng-gang, and Park Jong-geol
  • USING REMOTE SENSING AND SOILS TO ESTIMATE THE IMPACT OF URBANIZATION ON SOIL RESOURCES IN CHINA E. D. Warner, G. W. Petersen and Egide Nizeyimana [...] Xuezhung Shi, [...] M. L. Imhoff, [...] W. T. Lawrence, [...]
  • Working Group 6 RADAR APPLICATIONS
  • ARTOGRAPHY AND REMOTE SENSING IN THE AMAZON THE SIVAM PROJECT ELIANE ALVES DA SILVA - [...]
  • AIRBORNE SAR ROUTE WITH MINIMUM LOSS BY THE SHADOWS IN THE MOUNTAINOUS TERRAIN M. Bajic, S. C. Bajic
  • CLASSIFICATION AND SEGMENTATION FOR RADAR IMAGERY USING GAUSSIAN MAKOV RANDOM MODEL Yunhan Dong, Bruce Forster and Anthony Milne
  • ANALYSIS OF THE BACKSCATTERING SIGNALS OF JERS-1 IMAGE FROM SAVANNA AND TROPICAL RAINFOREST BIOMASS IN BRAZILIAN AMAZONIA. Joao Roberto dos Santos, Maristela Ramalho Xaud, Maria Silvia Pardi Lacruz
  • DYNAMICS OF RADARSAT BACKSCATTERING VALUES RELATED TO PRIMARY AND SECONDARY FOREST BIOMASS STRUCTURE IN SW AMAZONIA, BRAZIL. Joao Roberto dos Santos, Hermann Johann Heinrich Kux, Maria Silvia Pardi Lacruz, Frank J. Ahern, Ron W. Pietsch
  • AUTOMATED PIPELINE EXTRACTION FROM INTERFEROMETRIC SAR DATA OF THE ERS TANDEM MISSION Olaf Hellwich, Ivan Laptev and Helmut Mayer
  • OPERATORS USED IN THE COMPUTATION OF COHERENCE MAPS FOR THEMATIC INFORMATION EXTRACTION. Gerrit Huurneman
  • ANALYSIS OF SATELLITE RADAR FOR THE DETECTION AND MAPPING OF INUNDATION PATTERNS IN WETLAND AREAS A. K. Milne
  • EXPERIMENTS WITH MULTI-FREQUENCY AND MULTI-POLARIZATION SAR DATA FOR HYDROLOGICAL PARAMETER MODELLING Tania Neusch, Manfred Sties
  • APPLICABILITY OF ERS-1 AND ERS-2 INSAR FOR LAND SUBSIDENCE MONITORING IN THE SILESIAN COAL MINING REGION, POLAND. Zbigniew Perski
  • The Use of Multitemporal Radar Data in Agriculture Monitoring: A Case Study in Köycegiz-Dalaman Ecosystem, Turkey F. Sunar, M. Taberner, D. Maktav, S. Kaya, N. Musaoglu and E. Yagız
  • LAND-USE CLASSIFICATION USING MULTITEMPORAL RADARSAT, ERS-1 AND JERS SAR-IMAGES Markus Törmä, Jarkko Koskinen
  • ERS SCATTEROMETER DERIVED SOIL MOISTURE MAPS OF THREE CLIMATIC ZONES Wolfgang Wagner [...]
  • Working Group 7 NON-RENEWABLE RESOURCES AND GEOTECHNICAL APPLICATIONS
  • REMOTE SENSING AND EARTHQUAKE ACTIVITY IN WESTERN BOHEMIA (CENTRAL EUROPE) P. Bankwitz, E. Bankwitz, [...] H. Kämpf, H.-U. Wetzel, A. Frischbutter, [...]
  • Monitoring of Landslide Using Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Lena Halounova, Karel Pavelka
  • THE DISCOVERY OF CHUANLI RING (BRUSH) STRUCTURE AND STUDYING FOR THE INTERPRETATIVE FEATURES OF IMAGING RADAR IMAGE Shi Jizhong
  • INTEGRATION OF GIS AND REMOTE SENSING IN THE FIELD OF GEOLOGY AS AN INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH - THE ROLE OF GEO-SPATIAL CLEARINGHOUSE SERVICES by Péter Kardeván, [...] Károly Brezsnyánszky, [...] and László Róth, [...]
  • REMOTE SENSING AND GEOLOGY OF HOGGAR: CONTRIBUTION OF LANDSAT T.M. IMAGES TO THE GEOLOGICAL CARTOGRAPHY AT THE 1/500.000 SCALE AND THE SPECTRAL CHARACTERISATION OF THE ALTERATION PROFILE WITH URANIUM MINERALISATION Ahmed Zine Eddine SAAD
  • An Application of GIS Information and Remotely Sensed Data for Valley Areas Masaaki SHIKADA, Junko YAMASHITA, Shintaro GOTO, Masaru SYOUDA and Tokio IWATA
  • INTERPRETATION OF SATELLITE DATA RELATED TO NEOTECTONIC ACTIVITIES CONNECTED WITH EARTHQUAKES IN WESTERN MONGOLIA Dr. TSEHAIE WOLDAI [...] Mr. A. BAYASGALAN [...]
  • SPECIAL SESSION
  • CARTOGRAPHIC RELIEF REPRESENTATIONS WITH DEM FILTERING TECHNIQUES Manfred F. Buchroithner [...] Rolf Böhm [...]
  • THE EUROPEAN CORINE LAND COVER DATABASE G. Büttner, [...] C. Steenmans, [...] M. Bossard, [...] J. Feranec, [...] J. Kolár, [...]
  • REMOTE SENSING TOOLS FOR FOREST FIRE PREVENTION AND ASSESSMENT Emilio Chuvieco, Javier Salas and David Riano
  • EARSeL-Special Interest Group Atmosphere: Application of Satellite Data in Meteorology and Climate Research Eberhard Parlow
  • A EUROPEAN PROPOSAL FOR TERMS OF REFERENCE IN DATA FUSION L. Wald
  • INTERACTIVE POSTER SESSION
  • CLASSIFICATION EFFICIENCY OF HIGH SPATIAL RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGERY IN THE STUDIES OF VEGETATION, FORESTRY AND HUMAN SETTLEMENTS M. Bajic, [...]
  • SNOW HYDROLOGY USING MULTI-CHANNEL, MULTI POLARIZED, MULTI-TEMPORAL SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR Bajzák, Dénes. [...] Roberts, Bruce A. [...] Deering, Keith W., [...]
  • MEDICO-ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF DESERTIFICATION IN KALMYKIA Bananova V., Sangadguieva L., Nidjuli V., Borlikov G., Lasareva V., [...]
  • INVENTORY AND THE FLORA CARTOGRAPHY METHODOLOGY USING THE COMBINATION OF REMOTE SENSING AND GIS. CASE OF THE AIN RICH REGION (ALGERIA). F. BENHAMOUDA, M. CHOUIEB, M. CHIKH & A. LATTOUI
  • Forest change detection in a montaineous terrain using multitemporal Landsat TM images introducing a relative atmospheric correction. A case study: Forest of M'sila (Oran-Algeria-). Khatir Benhanifia & Mustapha Bouziane
  • TREATMENT AND INTEGRATION OF THE SATELLITE AND MULTISOURCE DATA INTO A DATA BASE CHARACTERISING THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT. A CASE STUDY: THE ALGERIAN STEPPIC ZONE a. Bensaid , z. Smahi & m. bouziane
  • LAND COVER CHANGE DETECTION USING THE CORINE METHODOLOGY G. Büttner, G. Maucha and M. Biró
  • EVALUATION OF THE DYNAMIC OF URBAN MORPHOLOGICAL ZONES USING REMOTELY SENSED DATA M. Caetano and A. Navarro
  • Optical-Radar Data Fusion for Land Use Classification Michele Crosetto, Marek Mróz
  • THE ESTIMATION OF ECOLOGICAL CONDITION OF NATURAL WATER SYSTEMS WITH USE OF SYSTEM APPROACH A. D. Fedorovsky, K. Yu. Suhanov and V. G. Yakimchuk, [...]
  • LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING USING A LANDSCAPE MODELLING APPROACH Robert P. Gauthier
  • DROUGHT MONITORING IN SPAIN USING NOAA-AVHRR MULTITEMPORAL IMAGES F. González Alonso, A. Calle, J. L. Casanova, J. M. Cuevas, A. Vázquez
  • AN ANALYSIS ON TOPOGRAPHICAL FACTORS AND DETERIORATION OF BEECH TREES AT MT. HINOKIBORAMARU, TANZAWA, USING GIS Yujiro HIRANO and Ryosuke SHIBASAKI
  • DETECTION OF FOREST DECLINE IN RUSSIAN FAR EASTERN Norihisa Kamibayashi
  • MEANING OF GEOGRHAFIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS UNDER ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING OF REGIONS WITH COMPLIETED ECOLOGICAL SITUATION Dr. Alexander A. Kirsanov, [...]
  • MONITORING OF CHERNOBYL DISASTER AREA USING MULTITEMPORAL SATELLITE DATA Lyalko V. I. Sakhatsky A. I., Hodorovsky A. J., Shportjuk Z. M., Sibirtseva O. N. [...] Marek K.-H., Oppitz S. [...]
  • VIRGOS SYSTEM - APPLICATION FOR DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN AREAS STUDY Eng. Calin-Daniel NITU [...] Prof. dr. eng. Florea ZAVOIANU [...]
  • ECO BP'98 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RESOURCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LOCAL, REGIONAL, GLOBAL. BUDAPEST, 1-4 SEPTEMBER 1998 AERO-SATELLITE REMOTE-SENSING FOR RESOURCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING IN DANUBE DELTA AND COASTAL ZONE OF BLACK SEA IN ORDER TO INCLUDING US IN INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMS FOR DANUBE BASIN AND BLACK SEA. Nicolaie OPRESCU, Manuel VAIS, Joan SOMARDOLEA
  • DETERMINATION OF CLOUD TOP HEIGHT USING METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITE AND RADAR DATA R. Randriamampianina, J. Nagy, Gy. Gyarmati and J. Kerényi
  • INTEGRATION OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIQUES AND PHYSICALS DATA ON GIS FOR PASTORAL ACTIVITIES MANAGEMENT ON A SEMI ARID AREA, z. smahi & a. bensaid
  • DETERMINATION OF CHANGES IN PHENOLOGICAL CYCLE OF OAK-WOOD BY MULTISPECTRAL NOAA/AVHRR IMAGES Mladen Viher, [...] M. Sc. Visnja Vucetic, [...]
  • APPLICATIONS OF REMOTE SENSING AND GIS FOR WATER RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT AT TANFA LAKE Mu-Lin Wu, Professor [...] Yih-Ping Chen, Associate Chief Engineer [...] Pei-Ming Liao, Division Chief [...] Wen-Cheng Tseng, Associate Engineer [...]
  • REMOTE SENSING AND DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRIC DATA INTEGRATION INTO A GIS 3-D FOR MONITORING AND ANALYSIS OF AN URBAN AREA UNDER NATURAL DISASTER STRESS: Florea Zavoianu - [...]
  • RÉALISATION OF THE DESERTIFICATION SENSIVITY MAP WITH THE AIDE OFA GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM ZEGRAR. A; SMAHI. Z; BENSAID. A.
  • APPROACH TO POLICY HIERARCHIES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL DISASTERS MANAGEMENT Zhu Zesheng, Sun Ling, Guan Hengshen
  • STATUS OF FLOOD MONITORING WITH MULTISENSOR REMOTE SENSING A. Zilahy, S. Herath, K. Musiake
  • LATE PAPERS
  • METHODS TO ELIMINATE THE ATMOSPHERIC EFFECTS IN REMOTELY SENSED DATA J. Lichtenberger, Cs. Ferencz, D. Hamar, P. Bognár, E. O. Ferencz, G. Molnár, Sz. Pásztor, P. Steinbach, B. Székely, Gy. Tarcsait, G. Timár
  • YIELD FORECASTING OF MAIN CROPS USING REMOTE SENSING DATA Cs. Ferencz, D. Hamar, J. Lichtenberger, P. Bognár, I. Ferencz-Árkos, G. Molnár, Sz. Pásztor, P. Steinbach, B. Székely, Gy. Tarcsait, G. Timár
  • CHANGES OF THE FOREST IN WESTERN SUDETY MOUNTAINS IN POLAND IN 1976-1990 PERIOD DETECTED ON LANDSAT MSS AND TM IMAGES Zbigniew Bochenek, Andrzej Ciolkosz, Maria Iracka
  • APPENDIX
  • Appendix: Authors and Co-authors Index Volume XXXII, Part 7 - ISPRS Commission VII
  • Appendix: Keywords Index Volume XXXII, Part 7 - ISPRS Commission VII
  • [Colour plates]
  • Cover

Full text

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process than without it. For example, a better quality may be an 
increase in accuracy, or in the production of a more relevant 
information. 
In this definition, spectral channels of a same sensor are to be 
considered as different sources, as well as images taken at 
different instants. 
It then has been suggested to use the terms merging, 
combination in a much broader sense than fusion, with 
combination being even broader than merging. These two terms 
define any process that implies a mathematical operation 
performed on at least two sets of information. These definitions 
are very loose intentionally and offer space for various 
interpretations. Merging or combination are not defined with an 
opposition to fusion. They are simply more general, also 
because we often need such terms to describe processes and 
methods in a general way, without entering details. Integration 
may play a similar role though it implicitely refers more to 
concatenation (i.e. increasing the state vector) than to the 
extraction of relevant information. 
Another domain pertains to data fusion: data assimilation or 
optimal control. Data assimilation deals with the inclusion of 
measured data into numerical models for the forecasting or 
analysis of the behaviour of a system. A well-known example of 
a mathematical technique used in data assimilation is the 
Kalman filtering. Data assimilation is daily used for weather 
forecasting. 
Fusion may be performed at different levels: at measurements 
level, at attribute level, and at rule or decision level. These 
terms as well as others related to information are defined in the 
following. These definitions are those used in information 
theory and have been found in several publications (e.g., 
Bijaoui 1981; Lillesand, Kiefer 1994; Kanal, Rosenfeld 1981; 
Tou, Gonzalez 1974). 
Measurements are primarily the outputs of a sensor. It is also 
called signal, or image in the 2-D case. The elementary support 
of the measurement is a pixel in the case of an image, and is 
called a sample in the general case. By extension, measurement 
denotes the raw information. For example, a verbal report is a 
piece of raw information, and may be considered as a signal. In 
remote sensing, in the visible range, the measurements are 
digital numbers that can be converted into radiances once the 
calibration operations performed. If corrections for the sun 
angle are applied, one may get reflectances which are still 
considered as signal. 
An object is defined by its properties, e.g., its colour, its 
materials, its shapes, its neighbourhood, etc. It can be a field, a 
building, the edge of a road, a cloud, an oceanic eddy, etc. For 
example, if a classification has been performed onto a 
multispectral image, the pixels belonging to the same class can 
be spatially aggregated. This results into a map of objects 
having a spatial extension of several pixels. By extension, a 
pixel may be considered as an object. 
An attribute is a property of an object. For example, the 
classification of a multispectral image allocates a class to each 
pixel; this class is an attribute of the pixel. The equivalent terms 
label, category or taxon are also used in classification. Another 
well-known example is the spatial context of a pixel, computed 
by local variance, or structure function or any spatial operator. 
This operation can be extended to time context in the case of 
time-series of measurements. Equivalent terms are local 
variability, local fluctuations, spatial or time texture, or pattern. 
By extension, any information extracted from an image (or 
mono-dimensional signal) is an attribute for the pixel or the 
object. The aggregation of measurements made for each of the 
elements of the object (for example, the pixels or samples 
constituting the object), such as the mean value, is an attribute. 
Some authors call mathematical attribute such attribute deriving 
Intemational Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXII, Part 7, Budapest, 1998 
from statistical operations 
equivalent to attribute. 
The properties of an object constitute the state vector of this 
object. This state vector describes the object, preferably in an 
unique way. The state vector is also called feature vector, or 
attribute vector. The common property of the elements of the 
state vector is that they all describe the same object. If the 
object is a pixel (or a sample), the state vector may contain the 
measurements as well as the attributes extracted from the 
processing of the measurements. 
Works in pattern recognition have drawn an analogy with the 
syntax of a language. Terms of higher semantic content have 
been defined, such as rules and decisions. Rules, like the syntax 
rules in language, define relationships between objects and their 
state vectors, and also between attributes of a same state vector. 
Rules may be state equations, or mathematical operations, or 
methods (that is a suite of operations, i.e. of elementary rules). 
They are often expressed in elaborated language. Known 
examples of such rules are those used in artificial intelligence 
and expert-systems. Decisions result from the application of 
rules on a set of rules, objects and state vectors. Fusion may 
also be performed on decisions. 
A fusion system can be a very complicated system. It is 
composed of sources of information, of means of acquisition of 
this information, of communications for the exchange of 
information, of intelligence to process the information and to 
issue information of higher content. The issues involved may be 
separated in topological and processing issues. Despite the 
interconnection between both issues in an integrated fusion 
system design, they can be decoupled from each other in order 
to facilitate the development of a systematic methodology of 
analysis and synthesis of a fusion system (Thomopoulos 1990, 
1991). 
The topological issues address the problem of spatial 
distribution of sensors, the communication network and issues 
for the exchange of information, the availability and reliability 
of information at the time of the fusion. The cost of acquiring 
the information may also be relevant to the topological issues. 
In remote sensing, these issues are partly adressed by the space 
agencies and by the image vendors. It is also partly adressed by 
the customer, given its objectives and constraints, including the 
financial budget. 
The processing issues address the question of how to fuse the 
data, ie. select the proper measurements, determine the 
relevance of the data to the objectives, select the fusion 
methods and architectures, once the data are available. 
on measurements. Feature is 
5. CONCLUSION 
Needs expressed by the remote sensing community in Europe 
have led to the creation of a SIG on data fusion. This SIG has 
tackled the problems of terms of reference. A new definition of 
the data fusion is now proposed which emphasises the concepts 
and the fundamentals in remote sensing. 
Several other terms are also proposed which for most of them 
are already widely used in the scientific community, especially 
that dealing with information. These terms of reference will be 
published on the Web site (www-datafusion.cma.fr) of the SIG. 
Besides ensuring the communication between its members and 
the dissemination of information, the SIG is now undertaking 
an inventory of methods and tools, and is also thinking about 
instruments for the assessment of the quality in data fusion. 
653 
 
	        

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