Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Damen, M. C. J.

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Multivolume work

Persistent identifier:: 856342815

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856342815

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Volume 1-3 erschienen von 1986-1988

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 856343064

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Scope:: XV, 547 Seiten

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856343064

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(26,7,1)

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: 3 Spectral signatures of objects. Chairman: G. Guyot, Liaison: N. J. J. Bunnik

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Chapter

Title:: Determination of spectral signatures of different forest damages from varying altitudes of multispectral scanner data. A. Kadro

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Symposium on Remote Sensing for Resources Development and Environmental Management / Enschede / August 1986 Determination of spectral signatures of different forest damages from varying altitudes of multispectral scanner data A.Kadro Department of Photointerpretation and Remote Sensing, University of Freiburg, FR Germany ABSTRACT: Within the soope of the project "forest damage inventory with multispectral scanner data" at the De partment of Remote Sensing at the University of Freiburg, thematic mapper simulation data of different alti tudes was acquired. Five test areas vhich differ in rorphology, forest types and forest damage degree were sensed. For the investigation of the spectral signatures, reference panels were placed along the flying strip (size ca. 200 sqm) for the determination of the global radiation. The data were obtained from three al titudes (300, 1000, 3000 m) so that the spectral signatures could be determined in relation to the flight al titude . The scanner data of 300 m altitude enables the investigation of single trees. The data of higher altitudes only permit the investigation of trees or stands because of the larger pixel size. The same test areas have been used also for the investigation of spectral signatures of Landsat (TM) data. In this paper the results of the investigation are presented and discussed. 1 INTRODUCTION According to many investigations in the laboratory and in situ measurements on healthy and damaged vegeta tion using radiometric measurement, it has been de termined that there are differences in the spectral reflectance signatures of objects especially in the visible, near and middle IR-regions of the electro magnetic spectrum (Kadro 1981). This has sparked us at the Department of Photogrammetry and Remote Sen sing of the Univ. of Freiburg to carry out an investi gation of computer determined spectral reflectance properties of forest damages with data collected from different altitudes above a large forest area (Kadro 1984, 1985). For this purpose multispectral data were collected in July 1984 and Aug.1985 from 300 m, 1000 m and 3000 m above ground and TM data from landsat 5. The aircraft data were collected with the Bendix 11 channel multi spectral scanner (Table 1) modified by DFVLR/Ober pfaffenhofen to simulate the Thematic mapper in Land sat 5 (Table 2) . To determine the incident radiation (global radiation), reference panels were placed along the flying strip (size ca. 200 sqm). The data collected from the different altitudes have the following ground resolution or pixel size: Table 1. Spectral channels and wavelengths of the mo dified Bendix multispectral scanner. channel A nm AÀnm channel A nm A A nm 2 465 50 8 720 40 3 515 50 9 815 90 4 560 40 10 1015 90 5 600 40 5 TM 1650 200 6 640 40 7 TM 2210 270 7 680 40 11 11000 6000 Table 2. Spectral channels and wavelengths of Landsat 5 TM. channel A nm ftAnm channel A nm £>Xnm 1 485 70 5 1650 200 2 560 80 6 11450 2100 3 660 60 7 2215 270 4 830 140 0,75 X 0,75 m at 300 m altitude 2,5 X 2,5 m at 1000 m altitude 7,5 X 7,5 m at 3000 m altitude 30 X 30 m at 705 km altitude (Landsat 5 TM) It is possible to investigate the spectral signatures of single trees frcm the data collected at 300 m al titude, but data iron other altitudes make it possible to investigate only a group of trees or stands. The location of the test site is in the Black forest area of south-west Germany and contains different exposures and diverse types of forest stands with different de grees of damages. The forest stands are mostly the conifers of spruce and fir or these two mixed. 2 METHODOLOGY The basic physical quantity characterizes the spectral reflectance properties of the vegetation in the esti mated spectral reflectance factor R (A) defined by the equation (Kriebel 1978): JL L. (j9 f ) cosa^ do- L> () . '4rx r Xr r, * r *r r Ar r R (A) = ^y— AW / cos 3 dAr L Jar A w where: R(A) = spectral reflectance factor Li = value for the reflected radiance of a natural Ar target jr = zenith angle of the reflection r = azimuth angle of the reflection Sir = solid angle *r,w = reflected radiance of the Lambertian reflec tor (reference panel) In this work the multispectral scanner was used to collect information on the spectral radiance of the vegetation and on the incident radiation of the re ference panel vhich was placed along the flight strip. The spectral reflectance factor is, for practical purposes, estimated in this case as follows:

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