Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Damen, M. C. J.

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Multivolume work

Persistent identifier:: 856342815

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856342815

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Volume 1-3 erschienen von 1986-1988

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 856641294

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Scope:: IX Seiten, Seiten 551-956

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A,. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856641294

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(26,7,2)

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Editor:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission of Photographic and Remote Sensing Data

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: 5 Non-renewable resources: Geology, geomorphology and engineering projects. Chairman: J. V. Taranik, Liaison: B. N. Koopmans

Write comment:: Wegen zu enger Bindung kommt es teilweise im Original zu Textverlust.

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Chapter

Title:: Remote sensing assessment of environmental impacts caused by phosphat industry destructive influence. S. C. Mularz

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

the toe-failure process, a wide zone of up- liftings was formed around the dump. This zonecovers not only the close surroundings of the dump body buto. also a far forefield up to 350 m. As a result of toe-failure, the layer of organic soils is destroyed and phosphogyp- sum can have direct contact with the water- containing sands and gravels layers. As a consequence, the contaminations can easily penetrate to underground water causing its poli ution by toxic and radioactive compo«. nenis. The contaminations can also freely migrate with rainfall-water to the nearest channels and the Odra river. Water-soluble components and suspended matter, which flow down with surface water run-off are the main degradating factors to the open-water envi*. ronxnent, even far from the dumping area. It must be stressed that degradating factors are active foralong time, have a wide-range of Lnfluence, and their impact cannot be controlled. That is why, the use of remote sensing techniques for an environmental in ventory was justified. The following remote sensing experimental images were taken: 1. Aerophotogrammetric black and white photos ( 6 series, approximate scale vary from 1:2500 to 1:4000 ) ; 2. Infrared photos - taken by a small for mat camera (2 series, approximate scale 1:10 000, 1:8000); 3. Colour aerial photos - taken by a small format camera (1 fly, aproxímate scale 1:8000); 4. Multispectral photos - taken by a four- band NAC camera and MSK-4 Carl Zeiss Jena camera (3 series, approximate scale 1:10 00C). 5. Thermal infrared aerial images - taken by an AGA-780 with magnetic recording; 6. Thermal infrared terrestial images - taken by an AGA-780 Thermovision System. All the materials listed above were used for qualitative study. Photogrammetric pho tos were also used for mapping the dumping area, tracing the terrain and dump deforma tion, and calculating the volume of heaped and uplifted masses. 3 3 RESULTS The results of the photointerpretation stu dies have shown that the phosphogypsum dum ping process should be considered within the two following aspects: 1 . ijow engineering-geological conditions affect the technology of dump formation, and 2. What impact it has on the natural en- vIronment. The impact of both elements depends mainly on the dump base instability. The shifting of the dump front is the cause of the pro pagation of the deformation process in dis tant parts of the forefield and can provoke a hazard for objects and constructions si tuated close to the dumping area, as well as danger for heaping-machine operators. In the uplifted zone the intensive mass mo vement can be seen. As an effect of it com plicated folding, forms are created which can reach up to 10 m in height above the original terrain surface (/Figure 2 ) . The photogrammetric measurement has shown that the mass displacement within the toe- failure zone varies from 10 to 30 cm/day. On the aerial photos it is easy to recogni ze all the structural elements which exist Ln a forefield (uplifted zone contour, fol ding forms) as well as within the dumo bo- Figure 2. The toe-failure zone in the dump forefield. Figure 3 • The typical dump body deformations, dy (cracks, fissures, dump body dislocations, and toe-failure origin slides, which may ap pear in the front zones of the dump, see Figure 3). It was also stated, on the basis of thoro ugh analysis of all remote sensing date, that the toe-failure process is not a conti nuous one, but is a cyclic one due to the continuous movement of the dump front. This conclusion was drawn on the basis of an analysis of the shape and situation of a toe-failure zone border, as well as, the directions of uplifted mass dislocations, which were registered on the succesive se ries of photos. A photointerpretation made it possible to distinquish at least the two following pecu liar sta - a prel _ a stag The pr mainly b occur wi tion zon growth o forefiel by toe-f of the d The cy process the volu sses. Th gital te To cha the rati lume ( P were cai Table 1 ) Table 1. Period May 7 8 July 78 April 79 August 7! In the a partici volume o: to 65 % 1 masses (< data ref; the dump« cess of i The chi that the The ini also shoi re procei layer anc tions ex: The ini cal condi shapes oi parable J We can has the l strength fore, foi the toe-i sive. The content c and multi Howeve1 increase caused b} Interpi has also fluence c ral envir open surf It was wing down netrate i The wate the flood draining Odra I'ive by the ex with the morpholog

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