Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

damen, m. c. j.

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Multivolume work

Persistent identifier:: 856342815

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856342815

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Volume 1-3 erschienen von 1986-1988

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 856641294

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Scope:: IX Seiten, Seiten 551-956

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A,. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856641294

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(26,7,2)

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Editor:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission of Photographic and Remote Sensing Data

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: 5 Non-renewable resources: Geology, geomorphology and engineering projects. Chairman: J. V. Taranik, Liaison: B. N. Koopmans

Write comment:: Wegen zu enger Bindung kommt es teilweise im Original zu Textverlust.

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Chapter

Title:: Digital analysis of stereo pairs for the detection of anomalous signatures in geothermal fields. E. Zilioli, P. A. Brivio, M. A. Gomarasca & R. Tomasoni

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

687 Data concerning Gl and G2 sub-frames are estimated and extrapolated since no drill has ever been tried. The top of the reservoir is rather shallow at site LG which can be referenced as surely affected by ge othermal influence. The following cross section, a- fter Calore et al. (1979), illustrates the geothermal situation schematically. Green and Red which correspond to the reflected e- nergy Green, Red and Infrared. Moreover, since the object of our investigation is to outline fine anomalies within visually homogeneous vegetated zones, we also have applied to the band ratios IR/Red, IR/Green and the so called Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVl) where: . Impervious ' complex Main aquifer Basal complex -1500 —* t Jtfm J Statute mile NDVI = — IR + Red On the basis of frequency distribution of DN present in the NDVI image and in agreement with the actual values of NDVI, we have operated a suitable level slicing as coded as follows. Table 4. Correlation between DN intervals and actual values of NDVI represented on the image. DN intervals Grey Level Code NDVI Values Figure 3. Geothermal cross section of the Travale field. Arrow outlines location of the sub-frames Gl, G2 and MA. The top of the reservoir dips north-eastward, benea th the cover of an impervious complex. The sub-frames G1,G2 and MA are sited in correspondance of a tecto nic feature -the graben of Travale- where associated fractures are the easy vehicle of the geothermal fl uid. This structural remark confirms the geothermal potentiality of the suspected zones. 3 DIGITAL ANALYSIS OF THE I.R. AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS The investigation has continued on the basis of spe ctral signature of vegetation, analysed on the IR False Colour stereo pairs. 3.1 Image processing In order to avoid faults due to aberration of the camera lenses used and to the film developing pro cesses we selected the frames so that each test area occupies the central portion of them. Frames no. 035, 077 and 101 resulted to be in good agreement with the requirements. The 4 sub-frames previously identified were scan ned, at a 100 pm resolution, and digitized by means of a drum microdensitometer Optronics 0-4500, Table 3. Dimensions of the windows digitized from the original transparencies. Site Frame no. Dimensions (no. pixels) Area (ha) Gl 077 212 X 173 5.7 G2 077 188 X 164 4.8 LG 035 119 X 137 2.5 MA 101 98 X 135 2.0 * 1 pixel = 1.25 m x 1.25 m Each window was scanned under separate reading of the 3 colour components of the film layers Blue, 0 - - 126 0 < 0. .0 127 - - l4l 30 0.00 - 0.l4 142 - - 156 70 0.15 - 0.29 157 - - 171 110 0.30 - 0.44 172 - - 186 150 0.45 - 0.59 187 - - 201 190 0.60 - 0.74 202 - - 216 230 0.75 - 0.89 217 - - 255 255 > 0. .9 The band ratios IR/Red and IR/Green correlate the highest values of reflectance to the lowest and to the Green peak of vegetation, respectively. NDVI enhances the different stages of the vegetation vigour. The additive view of the 3 ratios also has been attempted by different coding for visual interpre tation. The most useful colour combination has resulted: IR/Red —> Blue, Green/IR -> Green and IR -> Red. The results obtained by the digitization of IR component and their elaborations have been imaged in a plate (see fig. 4). 3.2 Output analysis Data deriving from the image processing have been represented under the form of images and statisti cal parameters. Since the sub-frames correspond to small and well confined areas, the statistical approach has seemed to be useful and more suitable than others. ■f. In particular, the arithmetic mean m, the standard deviation a and the coefficient of skewness s have been considered. Values of standard deviations confirm that the sub-frame MA and Gl are the most uniform units. The values of a for IR/Green and NDVI images ap pear to be smaller than in the other cases. The skewness of ratios remains almost negative; that means the baricenters of the histograms are shifted to high DN of representation in relation to the primitive images. Mean values have been plotted and correlated.

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