Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

damen, m. c. j.

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Multivolume work

Persistent identifier:: 856342815

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856342815

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Volume 1-3 erschienen von 1986-1988

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 856641294

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Scope:: IX Seiten, Seiten 551-956

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A,. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856641294

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(26,7,2)

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Editor:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission of Photographic and Remote Sensing Data

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: 5 Non-renewable resources: Geology, geomorphology and engineering projects. Chairman: J. V. Taranik, Liaison: B. N. Koopmans

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Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Chapter

Title:: Application of stereo-terrestrial photogrammetric technique to varied geoscientific investigations. N. K. Agarwal

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Symposium on Remote Sensing for Resources Development and Environmental Management / Enschede / August 1986 551 Application of stereo-terrestrial photogrammetric technique to varied geoscientific investigations N.K.Agarwal Geological Survey of India ABSTRACT : Stereo-terrestrial photogrammetry provides distinct advantages over conventional techniques in large scale topographic and thematic mapping of selected areas. During last six years this technique has been advantageously applied to various geoscientific investigations in the Geological Survey of India, impor tant amongst them being the Nilgiris landslide investigation, Tamil Nadu; escarpment slope mapping of Supa Dam, Karnataka; mapping of Coconut Island, off west coast, Karnataka; and mapping of a glacier in north-west Himalayas. The methodology consisted of taking terrestrial stereo-pairs from 'UMK-100' Camera; surveying of control points with the help a theodolite or 'Distomat' and plotting of details on the Unviersal Anologue Stereo-plo tter 'Topocart'. Topographic and photo-interpreted thematic maps of these areas were prepared on scales between 1:500 and 1:2000, except for the glacier which was covered on 1:5000 scale. The experience obtained in applying this technique in diverse terrains has helped in gradually selecting the most suitable methodol ogy. Results clearly demonstrate the potential of this advanced technique in large scale mapping, for a compre hensive evaluation of selected areas with speed, economy and precision. Further, the technique offers exci ting possibilities of digital terrain modelling for multitheme mapping by making use of 'Analytical Stereo- -plotter'. 1. INTRODUCTION Geoscientific investigations of project areas requi re preparation of large scale topographic base map and relevant thematic maps of the area. Norma lly, this work is being carried out with the help of conventional plane table or theodolite survey technique. Aerial photogrammetric mapping has already been established as a powerful tool for preparation of topogrphic base maps with speed, economy and preci sion, and the potential of photo-interpretation technique is increasingly being exploited for thema tic mapping. Terrestrial photogrammetry permits acqusition of controlled stereo-photographs of selected areas at the desired time. The stereo-pairs are used for the simultaneous preparation of large scale topographic base map and relevant thematic maps of the area. Further, computer assisted analytical stereo-plotters, which are making a breakthrough in photogrammetric mapping, provide scope for simu ltaneous digitization of topographic and thematic data of the area. This in turn would make morphome tric and thematic mapping, either separately or in combination an easy proposition. Terrestrial photogrammetry was introduced in Geological Survey of India in 1978. Since then this technique has been advantageously applied to a variety of geoscientific projects involving diverse terrains, varying from Coastal tracts to high mountaneous regions. Some of the important investigations in which this technique has been applied include Nilgiris landslide investigation, Tamil Nadu; escarpment slope mapping of Supa Dam, Karnataka; geo-environmental study of Coconut Is land, off West Coast, Karnataka; and mapping of a glacier in Northwest Himalayas. The experience obtained while applying the tech nique in diverse terrains has progressively helped in adopting the most suitable methodology. 2. METHODOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTS The technique of terrestrial photogrammetry invol ves establishment and survey of four to five control points in the area; photography for obtaining ste reo-pairs with the help of a terrestrial phorogra- mmetric Camera unit; and finally map preparation in the laboratory on a stereo-plotter. In the present surveys, a wide angle terrestrial photogrammetric plate Camera 'UMK-100' (plate size 13 cm x 18 cm) of 100 mm focal length was used for photography. Survey of control points was intially done with help of a theodolite and subse quently by an electronic distance measuring unit Distomat. Map preparation was undertaken on the analogue stereo-plotter Topocart. 2.1 Control point survey and establishment Establishment and survey of control points in the area is an important part of the photograpmme- tric survey. For an expeditious and accurate survey of the control points an electronic distance measu ring unit Distomat has been found to be highly convenient and handy. The coordinates of the surve yed points can be obtained instantaneously in the field. In case of present surveys two different types of orientation systems were used, one for the Camera and the other for the Distomat. However, if the Camera and the Distomat can be mounted on the same orientation system then the field unit becomes quite compact. It is particularly significant if the unit has to be transported on head loads for survey in remote inaccessible areas. During application of the technique in different areas various objects have been tried as control points. Ultimately, it has been found that white painted circles, of appropriate dimensions (Manual

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