Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Damen, M. C. J.

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Multivolume work

Persistent identifier:: 856342815

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856342815

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Volume 1-3 erschienen von 1986-1988

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 856641294

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Scope:: IX Seiten, Seiten 551-956

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A,. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856641294

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(26,7,2)

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Editor:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission of Photographic and Remote Sensing Data

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: 6 Hydrology: Surface water, oceanography, coastal zone, ice and snow. Chairman: K. A. Ulbricht, Co-chairman: Mikio Takagi, Liaison: R. Spanhoff

Write comment:: Wegen zu enger Bindung kommt es teilweise im Original zu Textverlust.

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Chapter

Title:: A simple atmospheric correction algorithm for Landsat Thematic Mapper satellite images. P. I. G. M. Vanouplines

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

790 , , ozone. (X,y) = exp (-T ) „ozone,,. . , ozone, „ , T (A,y 0 ) = exp (-T /cos0o) (see equation 9). 5 COMPUTER IMPLEMENTATION NOTE The values for the radiance received by TM have to be calculated from the digital number (DN) retrieved from CCT's. The absolute radiances can be calculated from equation (23) and tables 3 and 4. (RMAX -RMIN ) b b 255 = DN. + RMIN, b b (23) where is the radiance received by TM in band b, RMAXft the minimum radiance required to saturate detector response (i.e, for DN = 255), RMIN^ the spectral radiance corresponding to a DN^ = 0 and DN^ the digital number in TM spectral band b as obtained from CCT. Table 3. Dynamic ranges of Landsat TM data processed prior to August 1983 (Scrounge System) (Barker,1984). spectral bands TM1 TM2 TM3 TM4 RMIN (mW.cm 2 sr -1 -1, .ym ) -0.15 -0.28 -0.12 -0.15 RMAX (mW.cm 2 sr -1 -Is • ym ) 15.84 30.82 23.46 22.43 Table after 4. Dynamic January 15 ranges of Landsat TM 1984 (Tips) (Barker, data processed 1984) spectral bands TM1 TM2 TM3 TM4 RMIN (mW.cm 2 sr 1 .ym X ) -0.15 -0.28 -0.12 -0.15 RMAX (mW.cm 2 sr " 1 .ym~ 1 ) 15.21 29.68 20.43 20.62 The computer implementation of the atmospheric cor rection algorithm is fast, since after calculation of the atmospheric variables, the correction consists of solving only equations (3) and (4) which have to be calculated pixel-per-pixel. The atmospheric correction algorithm was implemented on the IBM 3081 computer of the Ministry of National Education of the French Community (Brussels) at the cluster of the Royal Museum of Central Africa (Tervuren, Belgium) in Fortran IV. The operating system is OS/VS. On a 512*512 image, less than 25 seconds CPU time was used. 6 SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS 6.1 Description of the variable ranges selected The influence of changes in the following variables was examined : 1 visibility range; 2 solar zenith angle; 3 ozone optical thickness; 4 solar extraterrestrial irradiance. While the influence of one variable was studied, the values of the other variables wad kept constant at a certain 'mean value'. 6.2 Analysis of the behaviour of the algorithm in relation to variable changes Using equations (3) and (4) one obtains equation (24) , „2 -Ç— (L^ + L^ - tot PR HG A X \ 0 \ 0 a (A,A 0 ) (L - (Lp R + l^ g ))} (24) where C = n^ (1—p) = 1.7658. Consider now Fig. 2. Equation (25) is a linear function. y = ax + b (25) Coefficient a gives the slope of the line, b is the intersection with the y-axis, c is the intersection with the x-axis. Comparison of equation (24) with equation (25) gives y = L x = L 1.7658 tot tot (28) b = - tot {L PR + L HG Cx(A,A 0 )(L - (LpJ + l a ))} HG (29) Coefficient a will only change if the total trans missivity T(A) changes, this means when the visibi lity range (V), ozone optical thickness (T oz °ne (X) or wavelength (A) change. In other words, if the total transmissivity does not change, one will obtain parallel lines if the results for different sets of input values are plotted on one graph, since the slope b doesn't change. 6.3 Results of the sensitivity analysis The results of the sensitivity analysis are represen ted in table 5. Table 6 gives the digital numbers and their corresponding radiances for each spectral band, which were used to obtain table 5. The digital number DN=11 for band 4 corresponds to the 'darkest pixel' or 'clear water' reflectance on the Landsal From table the ozone c results toe logical vif solar extre carefully. easily and and meteorc Table 5. Re Variable or parameter V at 485 nm at 560 nm at 660 nm at 485 nm at 560 nm at 660 nm ozone 485 ozone r 560 ozone r 660 830 at 485 nm at 560 nm at 660 nm E 0 (90,485) Eo(90,560) Eq(90,660) E 0 (90,830) at 485 nm at 560 nm at 660 nm Table 6. Di radiances t spectral band

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