Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

damen, m. c. j.

Bibliographic data

Multivolume work

Persistent identifier:: 856342815

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856342815

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Volume 1-3 erschienen von 1986-1988

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 856641294

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Scope:: IX Seiten, Seiten 551-956

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A,. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856641294

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(26,7,2)

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Editor:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission of Photographic and Remote Sensing Data

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: 7 Human settlements: Urban surveys, human settlement analysis and archaeology. Chairman: W. G. Collins, Co-chairman: B. C. Forster, Liaison: P. Hofstee

Write comment:: Wegen zu enger Bindung kommt es teilweise im Original zu Textverlust.

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Chapter

Title:: Abandoned settlements and cultural resources remote sensing. Aulis Lind, Noel Ring

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

837 r applications, on, natural y and agricul- . urbanization) , ion of other reservoir and lundering and ffects. of methodolo- area of remote variously t (1984), Nor- d are beyond sents a sample e cultural t necessary past . On a world-wide basis, economic development and social progress invariably impacts on the cul tural resource base as already indicated, and in the developing nations these pressures are extreme to the point where many potentially rich resources are destroyed. Looting and wanton destruction are also common in these countries, and they are problems that still require some attention in the developed nations. Against this background, a range of examples has been selected pointing to various dimensions of cultural resource remote sensing applications repre senting a historic to prehistoric time span (Figs. 1-3). 4 THE CHALLENGES AHEAD hown which is vey. It becomes ble scales for and meso-scales, al photography re specialized s not diminish ta for use in As with any developing sub-discipline in its youthful stage, there are few established rules, and insuffi cient time has elapsed for the "trickling down" of advanced methods and techniques. Emerging from this attempt to investigate some of the significant ele ments in cultural resources remote sensing, we iden tify the following challenges for the remote sensing community: ready exists at lly every area cance covered, mbracing a time archives at ith data, but n both quantity most applicable eveloping world, atellite cove- ough there are e disparities methodological t to more costly ty to acquire st resort to her purpose. , semi-recent ges in the nd the world and deserve stigators should natives to con- cently been literature, rs, 1985), n, 1985, Holm 1. The first and foremost challenge involves the training and education of personnel, not only in the area strictly concerned with cultural resources, but in cognate areas in the geo-sciences and bio-sciences. Just recently, the American Anthropological Associa tion provided a special session on remote sensing applications at its annual meeting, and at the Uni versity of Vermont, a course on "Remote Sensing of Past Landscapes", was offered for the first time with considerable interest on the part of graduate students from geography, archaeology, history and historical preservation. Workshops, seminars, and courses at the University level need to be developed. A mechanism to promote education in this field may be possible through international means, as for example through the United Nations University. If any progress is to be made in this area, it must start with increasing the number of enlightened scientists, resource mana gers and educators. Developing and incorporating teaching units that could fit into existing courses in geography, history, archaeology, ecology, civil engineering and geo and bio-sciences would go a Ion way toward increasing awareness and could serve to feed in-depth courses. Cleere (1984) also stresses the importance of the educational process ranging down to the elementary school level and the incor poration of such topics within the context of the traditional school subjects of geography and history. 1 basis for r s: 'all cultural es, that have y cultural value or use implies that a ed survey and e (1984), sum- :ource manage- in twelve coun ground survey ■ations. Another >y scholars is ;-standing and m sites, more diffuse idscape at large itent of the _s site-oriented ■gely through the md the emergence > studying the 2. A second challenge focuses on facilitating survey work at all appropriate scales through providing easier access to the imagery inventory. The major detective work required to locate imagery often dis courages application attempts. Many archaeological and historic preservation agencies do not use imagery of any kind, and where used, it may only be applied as a field tool after which it is forgotten. Large scale orthophoto maps, which are increasingly being produced make excellent bases for inventorizing cul tural resources and for comparative work with other remote sensing imagery, including findings from high altitude or satellite. In all countries there is a need to find a way of declassifying the storehouses of obsolete, now unused imagery acquired by various military establishments. A system of reporting new image acquisition in the civil realm, such as the international effort used to report radiocarbon dating, would be extremely useful and might be possi ble under the auspices of an organization such as ISPRS. 3. A third challenge focuses on the area of increasing interdisciplinary and interagency cooperation and the removal of barriers between the several disciplines that overlap in this field to circumvent duplication and conflict. Remote sensing can serve as the tie that binds. It would seem appropriate that remote sensing experts should take every opportunity to communicate findings that have potential value in the cultural resources field whatever their discipline. Multi-disciplinary resource inventory and management projects offer the benefits of a more comprehensive view and should be encouraged. 4. Increasing public awareness and support has been identified by Cleere (1984) and Riechstein (1984) as a critical element in the management process. This is no less true regarding remote sensing applica tions. The treatment in the American magazine News week cited at the outset is indeed an extremely rare event. Media attention is critical and is much more prevalent in Europe than in the United States. Items worthy of public notice found during remote sensing data analysis can be called to the attention of the mass media with the cooperation of appropriate management authorities. Making contacts with local authorities and historical and archaeological clubs is another fruitful approach. 5. The involvement of remote sensing in the manage ment of cultural resources offers a fifth challenge. The numerous aspects of managing such resources has been outlined by Riechstein (1984) and at least two- thirds of the 46 listed threats to cultural resources can be monitored by remote sensing means. Staff and funding limitations are a problem so the solution is not simple. Again education plays a role, perhaps involving government officials. In the land-use planning, process inclusion of cultural resources cannot be too strongly emphasized (Cleere, 1984) . Countries such as Denmark and Sweden and several other countries of Northern Europe have advanced significantly in this area, while in the developing countries, the landscape is likely to be sacrificed for the immediate economic result with considerable loss of cultural resources. 6. The sixth challenge rests with the rapidly deve loping geographic information system (GIS) approach to resource management and planning in which remote sensing inputs play an increasingly significant role. Its application offers a valuable aid in delimiting cultural landscapes. GIS, with the inclusion of remote sensing data provides a means of assessing land-use change which is one of the major factors affecting cultural resources. The application of the GIS approach, although gaining in use, lacks wide spread implementation in which cultural resources are an element. Denmark, along with other Northern European countries have made important strides in this direction by digitizing various levels of land scape information including their register of monu ments and sites. Aerial imagery is employed in many aspects of their work. An interesting example involves route planning for a major pipeline system in Denmark involving some 2000 km. of right-of-way (Kristiansen, 1984). Using a GIS approach it was possible to plan a route of least destruction. 7. The research challenge cannot be stressed too strongly. Although multi-spectral studies regarding the detectability of certain cultural resources are developing in the United States, Canada, a few Euro pean countries and in scattered locales elsewhere, as for example in the Costa Rican case under American auspices mentioned at the outset, there is a critical need for research that would point to some predictable results. Links between university research

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