Proceedings of the Symposium on Global and Environmental Monitoring: Proceedings of the Symposium on Global and Environmental Monitoring

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Persistent identifier:: 856665355

Title:: Proceedings of the Symposium on Global and Environmental Monitoring

Sub title:: techniques and impacts ; September 17 - 21, 1990, Victoria Conference Centre, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada

Year of publication:: 1990

Place of publication:: Victoria, BC

Publisher of the original:: [Verlag nicht ermittelbar]

Identifier (digital):: 856665355

Language:: English

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 856669164

Title:: Proceedings of the Symposium on Global and Environmental Monitoring

Sub title:: techniques and impacts; September 17 - 21, 1990, Victoria Conference Centre, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada

Scope:: XIV, 912 Seiten

Year of publication:: 1990

Place of publication:: Victoria, BC

Publisher of the original:: [Verlag nicht ermittelbar]

Identifier (digital):: 856669164

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(28,7,1)

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Editor:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission of Photographic and Remote Sensing Data

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: [TP-2 SPECTRAL SIGNATURES]

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Chapter

Title:: The change of spectral signatures of beech and spruce by forest damage. W. Kirchhof & H. Hoffmann

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

54 Reflectance Figure 5 Reflectance of beech branches of different damage classes, 5 branches piled up from trees of 1 = damage class 0/1; 2,3 = damage class 2/3, 4 = damage class 3 Reflectance of five piled up beech branches in the visible, description see figure 5. which will be superimposed by secondary effects. The order of magnitude may vary with the situation in nature. Branches of the same damage class showed yellowing of different degrees, which explains the spectral variation. The higher spec tral values for damage class 3 are the consequence of intensive yellowing. In its principle course reflectance of spruce branches, as displayed in figure 7, fits with the spectral reflectance curve of a damaged pine stand under water stress in the Stadtwald Frankfurt, see publications mentioned before. In the visible, as shown in figure 8, reflectance increases with increasing damage class as a consequence of discolouration (yellowing mainly) of needles. This tendency was also found in studies of Hoque et al., 1989, as part of the multilevel experiment DLR/GSF. The beginning of the slope to the NIR plateau shifts towards the blue and the gradient of the slope and the height of the NIR plateau, as well as the water absorption at NIR, decrease with increasing damage Reflectance of spruce branches of different damage classes, five branches piles up from trees of 1 = damage class 0/1, 2 = damage Reflectance of five piled up spruce branches in the visible, description see figure 7. level. In the 1,4pm range curves are crossing. Then the reflectance raises with increasing damage level. 5. Conclusion The measurements presented in figure 1-8 show the spectral behaviour of tree components as a function of biomass or number of branches piled up of the same species, the influence of species and yellowing for healthy and damaged trees in the spectral region 0.49-2.50pm. Data from this spectral region is normally used for multispectral classification of vege tation. Further studies of Reinartz, 1989, Kritikos et al., 1988, Kirchhof et al., 1986, on the separability of forest and forest damage classes confirm the result of our spectral measurements: Good sepration of tree species and yellowing could be ob tained by the use of spectral bands TM2 or TM3, TM4, TM5 and TM7 of the Thematic Mapper or the corresponding bands 3 or 5, 7, 9 and 10 of the Daedalus ATM scanner. For damage separation of the same species, the best results were reached with the ratios TM2/TM4 or TM3/TM4.

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