Proceedings of the Symposium on Global and Environmental Monitoring: Proceedings of the Symposium on Global and Environmental Monitoring

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Persistent identifier:: 856665355

Title:: Proceedings of the Symposium on Global and Environmental Monitoring

Sub title:: techniques and impacts ; September 17 - 21, 1990, Victoria Conference Centre, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada

Year of publication:: 1990

Place of publication:: Victoria, BC

Publisher of the original:: [Verlag nicht ermittelbar]

Identifier (digital):: 856665355

Language:: English

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 856669164

Title:: Proceedings of the Symposium on Global and Environmental Monitoring

Sub title:: techniques and impacts; September 17 - 21, 1990, Victoria Conference Centre, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada

Scope:: XIV, 912 Seiten

Year of publication:: 1990

Place of publication:: Victoria, BC

Publisher of the original:: [Verlag nicht ermittelbar]

Identifier (digital):: 856669164

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(28,7,1)

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Editor:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission of Photographic and Remote Sensing Data

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

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Title:: [THP-4 MICROWAVE SENSING]

Document type:: Multivolume work

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Chapter

Title:: CONSIDERATIONS FOR SAR CALIBRATION UNIQUE TO ORBITAL SYSTEMS. R. Keith Raney

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

714 Acknowledgment impulse energy to clutter ratio can be formed Elg d ] °o A ‘ (32) This expression has no dependence on relative velocity scaling terms, so that no correction for the orbital geometry needs to be applied. The only other parameter needed is a very well known and stable number, the inter pulse spacing at the Earth’s surface V B /f a . Velocity Ratio Figure 6. Velocity Ratio (in dB) for a range of radar satellite altitudes. CONCLUSIONS This paper has explored some of the consequences of the spherical geometry essential to orbital SAR systems. It has been shown that parametric dependence on the relative spacecraft and beam velocity parameters may become significant for quantitative image analysis purposes such as calibration. The approach has been through a discrete azimuth model of the SAR to represent the pulse repetition of the radar, and the digital implementation of most SAR processors used in calibration applications. Analysis is based on propagation of appropriate correlation properties of signals through the system. Processor gain has been identified as a natural consequence of the fact that the system impulse response width is generally larger than one inter-pixel distance. The results have been cast in terms of known and robust parameters, rather than secondary parameters such as resolution. For orbital SAR systems, it is recommended that correction for the velocity ratio effect be included in calibration methodology based on the peak point scatterer method. The integral method of point to clutter calibration is not sensitive to the effect, although the beam footprint velocity (rather than the spacecraft velocity) is the correct parameter to calculate inter-pulse spacing at the Earth’s surface. The author is grateful for constructive discussions on issues relating to the work of this paper with L.M.H. Ulander while he was a visiting scientist at the Canada Centre for Remote Sensing, on leave from Chalmers University of Goteborg, Sweden. REFERENCES Corr, D. G. and A. M. Smith (1982), Experience gained from calibration of the SAR-580 system, Proceedings of EARSeL Workshop on Radar Calibration, Alpbach, Austria, European Space Agency, pages 119-132. Gray, A. Laurence, Paris W. Vachon, Charles E. Livingstone, and Tom I. Lukowski (1990), Synthetic aperture radar calibration using reference reflectors, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 28, No. 3, May, pages 374-383. Gray, A. Laurence, Paris W. Vachon, and Lars M. H. Ulander (1990), Processor focus, multi-looking, and scene coherence, Proceedings, International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, Washington, D.C., 20-24 May. Harger, R. O. (1970), Synthetic Aperture Radar Systems, Academic Press, New York. Kasischke, Eric S. and Gary W. Fowler (1989), A statistical approach for determining radiometric precisions and accuracies in the calibration of synthetic aperture radar imagery, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 27, No. 4, July, pages 416-427. Raney, R. Keith (1983), Transfer functions for partially coherent SAR systems, IEEE Transactions on Aerospace Electronic Systems, Vol. 28, No. 3, pages 374-383. Raney, R. K. (1985), Theory and measure of certain image norms in SAR, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 23, No. 3, pages 343-348. Raney, R. Keith (1986), Doppler properties of radars in circular orbits, International Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol. 7, No. 9, pages 1153-1162. van Zyl, Jakob J. (1990), Calibration of polarimetric radar images using only image parameters and trihedral corner reflector responses, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 28, No. 3, May, pages 337-348.

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