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Proceedings International Workshop on Mobile Mapping Technology

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fullscreen: Proceedings International Workshop on Mobile Mapping Technology

Monograph

Persistent identifier:: 856671290

Author:: Li, Rongxing

Title:: Proceedings International Workshop on Mobile Mapping Technology

Sub title:: April 21 - 23, 1999, Bangkok, Thailand

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (Getr. Zählung [ca. 400 Seiten])

Year of publication:: 1999

Place of publication:: London

Publisher of the original:: RICS Books

Identifier (digital):: 856671290

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Monograph

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: [Poster Session (1) on Airborne & Spaceborne Remote Sensing (JARS)]

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Chapter

Title:: GENERALIZATION TECHNIQUES FOR LAYERED NEURAL NETWORKS IN THE CLASSIFICATION OF REMOTELY SENSED IMAGES. Eihan SHIMIZU and Morito TSUTSUMI, Le Van TRUNG.

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Proceedings International Workshop on Mobile Mapping Technology
Cover
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Title page
Title page
Proceedings of International Workshop on Mobile Mapping Technology April 21-23, 1999, Maruay Garden Hotel, Bangkok, Thailand
Greeting from Bangkok.
PREFACE.
On behalf of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG) Working Group [...]
TECHNICAL PROGRAM.
[Session 1: Mobile Mapping (1)]
A ROBUST METHOD FOR REGISTERING 2.5D LASER RANGE IMAGES OF URBAN OBJECTS. Huijing ZHAO, Ryosuke SHIBASAKI.
AN INTELLIGENT MOBILE MAPPING SYSTEM. Naser El-Sheimy, Mike Chapman, and C. Tao.
A Mobile Mapping System Based on GPS, GIS and Multi-sensor. Deren Li.
AIRPORT DATA BASIS FOR TAGSY GUIDANCE SYSTEMS. W. Möhlenbrink, R. Bettermann.
INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES: DGPS, DEAD RECKONING AND MAP MATCHING. T. A. Hailes.
[Session 2: Mobile Mapping (2)]
FILTERALGORITHMS FOR OPTIMAL DETERMINATION OF POSITION AND ATTITUDE OF THE MOBILE MAPPING SYSTEM KISS. H. Sternberg, W. Caspary and H. Heister.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTEGRATED SYSTEM FOR MAPPING ROAD WIDTH USING DIGITAL VIDEO AND GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM. Shanmugam Ganeshkumar, Kiyoshi HONDA, Shunji MURAI.
DIRECT PLATFORM ORIENTATION IN AERIAL AND LAND-BASED MAPPING PRACTICE. Dorota A. Grejner-Brzezinska, Charles K. Toth and Edward Oshel.
TOWARDS AUTOMATED PROCESSING OF MOBILE MAPPING IMAGE SEQUENCES. C. Tao, M. A. Chapman, and N. El-Sheimy, B. Chaplin.
[Poster Session (1) on Airborne & Spaceborne Remote Sensing (JARS)]
Generation of Digital Elevation Model derived from JERS1 SAR Interferometry. Mitsuharu TOKUNAGA.
GENERALIZATION TECHNIQUES FOR LAYERED NEURAL NETWORKS IN THE CLASSIFICATION OF REMOTELY SENSED IMAGES. Eihan SHIMIZU and Morito TSUTSUMI, Le Van TRUNG.
THE CRANES' NESTING ANALYSIS USING GIS - LANDSCAPE ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS -. Koichi HIRATA, Hiroshi MURAKAMI.
INTERPRETABILITY OF GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION FROM HIGH RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGES. Toshiaki Hashimoto.
Reassessment of Todaro's Migration Model to Incorporate Socioeconomic and Natural Resource Environment by Using Remote Sensing and GIS: A Case of Thailand. Bhuwneshwar Prasad SAH, Eihan SHIMIZU and Morito TSUTSUMI.
LAND COVER OF ASIA. Ryutaro Tateishi.
Development of Drain Direction Model based onGTOPO30 and Global Data Sets. Shiro Ochi and Ryosuke Shibasaki.
[Session 3: Kinematic Real-time Positioning]
Positioning Principles and Accuracy of Airborne Laser- Ranging & Multispectral-lmaging Mapping System. Liu Shaochuang, You Hongjian, Xiang Maosheng, Liu Tong, Li Shukai.
Accuracy Assessment and Improvement for Level Survey using Real Time Kinematic (RTK) GPS. Dinesh Manandhar, Kiyoshi Honda, Shunji Murai, Sachio Kubo, Masahiro Yonemura.
Airborne Mapping System with GPS-supported Aerotriangulation. Deren Li, Xiuxiao Yuan.
[Session 4: Sensor Integration and Calibration]
The Calibration of Imaging Sensors Integrated into a Rapid Route Mapping System. C. S. Fraser, A. M. Judd.
CALIBRATING A ZOOM LENS CCD CAMERA FOR A TERRESTRIAL IMAGE BASED SURVEY SYSTEM. Y. D. Huang and D. Chen.
METHOD FOR ACCURATE CAMERA ORIENTATION FOR AUTOMOBILE PHOTOGRAMMETRIC SYSTEM. V. A. Knyaz, S. Yu. Zheltov.
MULTI-SENSOR MAP MATCHING CONCEPTS FOR POSITIONING OF ROAD AND RAIL VEHICLES. R. Czommer, W. Möhlenbrink.
SENSOR INTEGRATION AND CALIBRATION OF DIGITAL AIRBORNE THREE-LINE CAMERA SYSTEMS. Michael Cramer, Dirk Stallmann and Norbert Haala.
[Session 5A: Applications (1)]
Application of Photogrammetric Image Data for Roadway Construction. Guangping He.
SURVEYING AND MAPPING OF URBAN STREETS BY PHOTOGRAMMETRIC TRAVERSE. A. R. SILVA, J. C. BATISTA, R. A. OLIVEIRA, P. O. CAMARGO and J. F. C. SILVA.
[Session 5B: Real-time Imaging (ARIDA)]
ESTIMATION OF ACCURACY OF AIRBORNE LASER PROFILING. Koukichi Kimura, Teruvoshi Fujiwara, Yukihide Akiyama.
CRACK SITUATION GRASP OF DIGITAL IMAGE METHOD. Tatuhide NAKANE, Hisasi TAKAGI, Masaharu OZAWA.
Mobile Mapping Technologies for Safety Driving Assistance in ITS. Yutaka Shimogaki, Tooru Kitagawa, Yoshiki Yamano, Katunori Takahashi.
[Session 6A: Applications (2)]
Virtual Reality Model Created from Mobile Mapping Data as Interface to GIS. Krzysztof Gajdamowicz.
IMPROVED DEM EXTRACTION TECHNIQUES - COMBINING LIDAR DATA WITH DIRECT DIGITAL GPS/INS ORIENTED IMAGERY. Charles K. Toth and Dorota A. Grejner-Brzezinska.
Focal Plane Image Assembly of Subpixel. Si-Dong Zhong, Tian chan Mei.
[Session 6B: Real-time Imaging (ARIDA)]
A Tracking System for Construction vehicles with DGPS and RTK-GPS. Shun'ichi OHTSU, Tomonori TAKADA, Tatsunori SADA.
A METHOD OF ROAD REPRESENTATION IN 3D MAPPING TECHNOLOGY. Tsukasa Hosomura.
Fundamental Study on Ground-Based Sensor Integration for Spatial Data Acquisition. Mitsunori YOSHIMURA, Tetsuji ANAI, Hirofumi CHIKATSU, Ryosuke SHIBASAKI.
Fundamental Study on Development and Application of the Local Positioning System using Accelerometer and Gyroscope. Toshio KOIZUMI, Yasuyuki SHIRAI, Atsuro TAKEMOTO.
[Poster Session (2) on Imaging Sensing (ARIDA)]
THE METHOD OF Field INVESTIGATIONS USING DIGITAL IMAGE. Toshiaki Taguchi, Kosuke Tsuru, Hirofumi Chikatsu.
PERFORMANCE OF ARTIFICIAL RETINA CAMERA AND ITS APPLICATION. Yoichi KUNII, Hirofumi CHIKATSU.
MOTION ANALYSIS ON THE CONSTRUCTION PLANT USING SEQUENTIAL IMAGES. Sosuke YOSHIDA, Hirofumi CHIKATSU.
AUTO-TRACKING AND 3D MEASUREMENT FOR MOVING OBJECT USING VIDEO THEODOLITE. Tsutomu KAKIUCHI, Hirofumi CHIKATSU.
Generation of 3D View Map Using by Raster Base Data Processing. Kunihiko Ono, Shunji Murai, Vivarad Phonekeo and Shigetaka Yasue.
REMAPPING OF HISTORICAL MAPS USING MATHEMATICAL MORPHOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATION. Nobuhiro YAMADA, Hirofumi CHIKATSU.
A Comparative Study on Techniques for Optical Flow Estimation : On the Application to Vehicle Motion Analysis. Takashi FUSE and Eihan SHIMIZU.
Dynamic Analysis of Human Motion using Digital Video Camera mounted on Video Theodolite. Tetsuji ANAI, Hirofumi CHIKATSU.
A New Measurement System of Settlement At Airports Using GPS and Laser Level. Bunji Shigematsu.
[Session 7A: Automatic Object Extraction and Recognition]
INTEGRATION OF FEATURE AND SIGNAL MATCHING FOR OBJECT SURFACE EXTRACTION. Pakom Apaphant, James Bethel.
FEATURE EXTRACTION FROM MOBILE MAPPING IMAGERY SEQUENCES USING GEOMETRIC CONSTRAINTS. Fei Ma and Ron Li.
A MULTILAYER HOPFIELD NEURAL NETWORK FOR 3-D OBJECT RECOGNITION. Zhuowen Tu and Ron Li.
DATABASE GUIDED VERIFICATION AND UPDATING OF TRANSPORTATION OBJECTS WITH VERTICAL LINE FEATURES FROM MOBILE MAPPING IMAGE SEQUENCES. C. Tao.
Traffic Sign Detection from Image Sequences. W. B. Tong, J. Y. Hervé, P. Cohen.
ROBUSTNESS TEST TO OBJECT POSITIONING IN PROJECTIVE SPACE. Xingwen Wang, Deren Li.
[Session 7B: Mobile Mapping for Spatial Data Acquisition]
AUTOMATIC MEASUREMENT OF ROAD WIDTHS IN COLOUR STEREO SEQUENCES ACQUIRED BY A MOBILE MAPPING SYSTEM. Krzysztof Gajdamowicz.
Wearable Computing, Wireless Communication & Knowledge Discovery for Mobile Data Acquisition & Analysis. Klaus Brinkkötter-Runde and Ubbo Visser.
Development of a Low-Cost DGPS/DR System for Vehicle Tracking. Xiufeng He, Thor I. Fossen and Yongqi Chen.
OFF Method and Its Practice on Airborne GPS Data Processing for Photogrammetry. Chen Xiaoming, Liu Jiyu, Li Deren.
List of Registered Participants
Cover

Full text

PI-2-6 
MSE(w y ) <MSE(h> 0 ) . (34) 
However, it should be noted that the parameter y which minimizes 
MSE depends on unknown parameter w . 
5.2 Application of Tikhonov’s regularization to training 
algorithm 
By using Tikhonov’s regularization method, the generalization 
problem of an LNN can be solved by optimizing function 
E + y • z(w) analogously. We adopt the square of the Euclidean 
norm of weights w ih , w k j as a smoothing function. Then, we can 
obtain the modified error function as follows 
E (y ) m \22^pj( x k> w )- d j( x k)] i 
( HI _ J H _ \ 
+ 2 • (35) 
/i-li'-l j-lh-l J 
on information on the value of the true parameter. Thus, there 
have been some methods proposed to select appropriate regulari 
zation parameters. One of the most popular methods among them 
is to determine the value of a regularization parameter by testing 
how it performs on the validation data set. 
6 CASE STUDY 
In this chapter, we will design an LNN based on the suggested 
procedure and apply it to a practical land cover classification 
problem. 
6.1 Study area and data used 
The study area is located in Nagakute town, Aichi prefecture in 
Japan. Airborne Multi-Spectral Scanner digital image data of 
256 x 256 pixels were acquired with 12 bands. A pixel size is 
6.25 by 6.25 m. We classified the area into seven classes based on 
the land cover by different model sets and tested the possibilities 
of practical application of the suggested techniques for generali 
zation problem. 
The rule of changing the value of weights in the back-propagation 
algorithm is also modified as (Amerikian and Nishimura (1995) 
and Mehrotra et «/.(1997)) 
"r-H'f+rvA Hfo , 
(36) 
<"=< +^VAvv /y . , 
(37) 
A dE( y) dE 
Avv ih ~ . - . Y ‘ w ih » 
dw ih dw ih 
(38) 
A dE( y) dE 
Avv /y = a a Y ' w hj ’ 
dw hj dw hj 
(39) 
or (36), (37) and 
dE k (y) dE k 
* w ih- J - * Y’Wflk ; 
dw ih dw ih 
, (40) 
dE k (y) c)E k 
- , Y ‘ w hj . 
dw hj dw hj 
, (41) 
where 
E k(v) s ^l{>j( x k>' v )-dj(x k )} i 
2 jm\ 
(HI , J H \ 
+ Y- + 2 • 
U-1/-1 y=i/,=i I 
(42) 
A modified back-propagation algorithm based on Tikhonov’s 
regularization for improving the generalization ability of an LNN 
is called weight decay in some literature (Krogh and Hettz(1992)). 
6.2 Experimental results 
Figure 2 shows the LNN based remotely sensed image classifica 
tion system with 7 nodes in the input layer and 7 nodes in the 
output layer. The number of hidden layer nodes was chosen based 
on AIC. 
Neural Network j 
Airbone MSS Image Input Layer Output Layer ^7dasses)° 
Band 1 
Band 2 
Band 12 
Hidden Layer 
Forest 
Ep} 2 1 Paddy 
O 4 Bare soil 
Uf ban 
River 
’O Pi 7 I Water 
Figure 2 The LNN for remotely sensed images classification. 
Each pixel consists of 12 spectra] measurements to be assigned to 
one of seven classes. Training data of 1500 pixels and test data of 
400 pixels were extracted from digital ground truth data with the 
same pixel size (6.25 by 6.25 m) for all models. 
Needless to say, an ordinary back-propagation algorithm is con 
sidered to be a special type of algorithm when the penalty pa 
rameter y is zero. If we adopt an optimal regularization parame 
ter y, we obtain a better weight so that the expected residual sums 
of squares might be less. However, as was explained in the previ 
ous section, selecting the best regularization parameter depends 
Starting with a model where the numbers of hidden nodes and 
output nodes are both 7, eight competing size sets of LNN were 
compared. In each competing size sets, pruning the connection 
weights was done based on AIC. The results are shown in Figure 
3. This indicates that AIC is minimized at the point where the 
number of hidden nodes is 4 and the difference of AIC between

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