360 
PAPPUS OF ALEXANDRIA 
who is mentioned as having asked Pappus’s opinion on the 
attempted solution by ‘ plane ’ methods of the problem of the two 
means, which actually gives a method of approximating to 
a solution 1 ), Hipparchus (quoted as practically adopting three 
of the hypotheses of Aristarchus of Samos), Megethion (to 
whom Pappus dedicated Book V of his Collection), Menelaus 
of Alexandria (quoted as the author of Spha erica and as having- 
applied the name 7rapdSogos to a certain curve), Nicomachus 
(on three means additional to the first three), Nicomedes, 
Pandrosion (to whom Book III of the Collection is dedicated), 
Pericles (editor of Euclid’s Data), Philon of Byzantium (men 
tioned along with Heron), Philon of Tyana (mentioned as the 
discoverer of certain complicated curves derived from the inter 
weaving of plectoid and other surfaces), Plato (with reference 
to the five regular solids), Ptolemy, Theodosius (author of the 
Sphaerica and On Days and Nights). 
(y)' Translations and editions. 
The first published edition of the Collection was the Latin 
translation by Commandinus (Venice 1589, but dated at the 
end ‘ Pisauri apud Hieronymum Concordiam 1588’; reissued 
with only the title-page changed ‘ Pisauri... 1602 ’). Up to 
1876 portions only of the Greek text had appeared, namely 
Books VII, VIII in Greek and German, by C. J. Gerhardt, 1871, 
chaps. 33-105 of Book V, by Eisenmann, Paris 1824, chaps. 
45-52 of Book IV in losephi Torelli Veronensis Geometrica, 
1769, the remains of Book II, by John Wallis (in Opera 
mathematica, III, Oxford A699); in addition, the restorers 
of works of Euclid and Apollonius from the indications 
furnished by Pappus give extracts from the Greek text 
relating to the particular works, Breton le Champ on Euclid’s 
Porisms, Halley in his edition of the Conics of Apollonius 
(1710) and in his translation from the Arabic and restoration 
respectively of the De sectione rationis and De sectione spatii 
of Apollonius (1706), Carnerer on Apollonius’s Tactiones (1795), 
Simson and Horsley in their restorations of Apollonius’s Plane 
Loci and Inclinationes published in the years 1749 and 1770 
respectively. In the years 1876-8 appeared the only com- 
1 See vol. i, pp. 268-70.