INDIA 9 
surveys and the Director, Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, Rajasthan is also conduct 
ing training for similar purposes. The Damodar Valley Corporation, Bihar and West Bengal, has 
been using aerial photo interpretation techniques for watershed management in the catchment areas 
of the Damodar. It is expected that the future will see a considerable increase in the use of aerial 
photo interpretation techniques in India. 
VI. PHOTOGRAMMETRIC EDUCATION 
Survey of India is responsible for training its own photogrammetrists. During the period 
1960-64, 5 officers of the Survey of India have been sent abroad for training in photogrammetry. 
These officers have been trained in the regular long course of the International Training Centre for 
Aerial Surveys, Delft, The Netherlands and have been awarded the degrees of Ph.E., B.Sc. Ph.E., 
and M.Sc. Ph.E. These officers have been employed in the planning, execution and instruction 
of photogrammetric surveys except one who is still attending the I.T.C. course. 
No. 20 ( Photogrammetric ) Party, the unit responsible for organizing photogrammetric train 
ing in Survey of India, conducts regular courses for the supervisory officers and precision and topo 
graphic photogrammetric operators. The duration of the course of instruction for the supervisory 
officers and precision photogrammetric operators is one year. During 1954-60, the instructions 
were mainly restricted to the practical aspects of photogrammetry. In 1961, the regular syllabii 
containing both the theoretical and practical aspects of photogrammetry have been introduced. The 
present stress on the theoretical aspects has been laid in order to ensure deeper understanding of the 
fundamental principles so much necessary for efficient trouble-shooting. The supervisory officers 
have a heavier proportion of theory in order to have the complete grasp of theory of errors which 
plays an important part in any type of observations. The precision photogrammetric operators 
spend more time on practical repetitive work with the object of developing manual and mental dex 
terity in handling precision stereoplotting instruments. The topographic photogrammetric operators 
who are trained in the operation of Stereotopes and Radial Secators are given a course of instruction 
ranging from 6 to 9 months’ duration depending upon the background and aptitude of the individual. 
Table 7 gives the total number of officers and staff trained in the Survey of India during 
1960-64. 
Table 7.—Number of officers and staff trained during 1960-64 
Serial 
No. 
Type of personnel 
Number 
trained 
Remarks 
1 
Supervisory Officers .. - .. 
18 
5 trained abroad. 
2 
Extra-departmental Officers 
13 
3 
Precision Photogrammetric Operators 
76 
4 
Topo. Photogrammetric Operators .. 
120 
Photogrammetry in some form is included in the Civil Engineering degree curriculum of about 
ten out of thirty-four engineering colleges and technical universities of India. In the University 
of Roorkee, photogrammetric education of higher standard leading to Master of Engineering in 
Advanced Surveying and Photogrammetry is imparted. In two of the other engineering colleges 
and universities, training in photo interpretation for geological investigations is imparted. In two 
others, beginning in photogrammetric education is expected to be made during the academic year 
1964-65.