6 
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING 
aerial triangulation; plane traversing for 
extension of control; block adjustment of 
horizontal control. 
DL-S: Techniques—Block adjustments for 
standard mapping by graticules. 
RASC: Instrument—Wild A9, B9, B8, Zeiss 
SWA 3-projector multiplex for spatial tri 
angulation, 1st to 4th order. 
AAMP: Instrument—Wild PUG-2 for point 
transfer. 
AUSTRIA 
Organization 
governmental—Bundesamt fur Eichound- 
Vermessungswesen 
Activities 
Production of the topographic map 
1:50,000; Cadastral photogrammetry 
(1:1,000). 
Personnel 
Management, 3; Supervision, 6; Profes 
sional, none; Technicians, 50; Servicing, 1. 
Aerial Triangulation and Plotting 
Instruments 
Wild A7 + EK3 (3); Wild A8-EK5 (6); 
Wild B8 (1); Wild A6 (1); Zeiss C5 (2); 
Automatic Readout and Recording Systems 
(4) 
Aerial Data Recording—cameras 
Type 
Length 
Lens 
Format 
Range, in. 
RC5 
210 
mm. 
Aviotar 
18X18 
1,000-6,000 
RC5 
115 
mm. 
Aviogon 
18X18 
1,000-5,000 
RC7 
100 
mm. 
Aviogon 
14X14 
1,000-1.500 
RC7 
170 
mm. 
Aviotar 
14X14 
1,000-2,000 
RC8 
150 
mm. 
Aviogon 
23X23 
1,000-5,000 
BELGIUM 
Organizations 
state organizations: Military agencies 
(e.g. the Military Geographic Institute); 
Public Services (e.g. Ministry of Public 
Works); Semi-government services (small 
land holdings under the jurisdiction of the 
Department of Agriculture). 
universities and other educational 
institutions: It is impossible to give a com 
plete summary of the activities and means 
used in the photogrammetric field, consider 
ing that some organizations have not supplied 
the necessary information. This is also true of 
universities and other educational institu 
tions which are primarily considered with 
scientific research. 
Activities 
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ELABORATION OF TOPO 
GRAPHIC AND CARTOGRAPHIC PLANS 
(1) Topographic plans at 1:5,000, 1:1,000 
and 1:2,000 for the study and laying out 
of automobile roads, routes, navigable 
waterways, high-tension lines, etc. 
(2) Plans for rural improvement projects, 
usually at 1:1,000. 
(3) Plans for urban projects at 1 :5,000. 
(4) Belgium’s base map at 1:25,000. 
(5) Small-scale maps at 1:50,000-1 :100,000. 
The assignment of these tasks among the 
different organizations is done as follows: 
Activities (1) and (2) are divided among 
Government agencies and private companies, 
but most of them go to the former due to the 
fact that at present these agencies have at 
their disposal superior equipment and trained 
personnel. Activity (3) is performed exclu 
sively by Government agencies, and, more 
particularly, by the Ministry of Public 
Works. Activities (4) and (5) come exclu 
sively under the jurisdiction of the Military 
Geographic Institute, which is a Government 
agency. 
NON-TOPOGRAPHIC USES OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY. 
The use of photogrammetry is spreading to 
more and more fields, but at the present 
time it is only Government agencies which 
are making use of it. The following exam 
ples may be cited as some of the uses of 
photogrammetry: (1) Terrestrial photo 
grammetry—making plans of already ex 
isting monumental structures and sites in 
Belgium, as well as in foreign countries, as 
for instance, for the temples of Buhen and 
the two Semnas which are menaced by the 
waters of the great Aswan dam in Upper 
Egypt; (2) Controlling the stability of 
engineering works, such as bridges; (3) 
Studying water streams and the swell of 
the waves; (4) Making hydraulic models; 
(5) Measuring true-to-scale the physical 
forms of animals (at the University of 
Liege), etc.